| 1. |
- Rapo, Emil, et al.
(författare)
-
Critical components of social prescribing programmes with a focus on older adults - a systematic review
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0281-3432 .- 1502-7724. ; 41:3, s. 326-342
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: The aim of this study was to identify and evaluate critical components within social prescribing programmes that can impact loneliness, health, or well-being among older adults.Methods: A systematic review with a narrative synthesis was conducted by systematically searching five databases. A total of 1193 hits were identified, screened, and assessed. Twelve studies were included, with data being extracted and deductively analysed in an iterative manner and then tabulated together with outcomes in order to find common narratives.Results: Three critical components were identified: Assessment before prescription, matching participants with relevant activities, and individualised support from link worker. These critical components seemed important for the success of social prescribing programmes since they had an impact on loneliness, health, and well-being. All together, these results highlight the importance of person-centeredness in the prescribing process.Conclusions: The three critical components identified may prove useful in further research, evaluation, or implementation of social prescribing programmes. Important aspects for further evaluation are discussed.
|
|
| 2. |
- Johansson, Erika, et al.
(författare)
-
Can an ecological-transactional systems model in occupational therapy contribute to a social prescribing programme?
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Irish Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 0791-8437. ; 49:2, s. 115-118
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The spread and level of loneliness is today considered a public health issue. Attempts to promote or reduce the level of loneliness have been made, one of which is social prescribing (SP), developed and extensively used. Complex interventions such as SP are advised to be connected to theory.Design/methodology/approach: For this purpose, the Person-Environment-Occupation-Participation model (PEOP) will be reviewed and used as an example, both as a way of organize occupational knowledge and as a model for practice.Findings: Occupational therapy underpinned by transactional system theory such as the PEOP model seems to give comprehensive and relevant support in the SP process. Particularly, this model can guide practitioners through crucial phases when assessing needs, matching interests and goals with relevant occupations, as well as understanding of important components embedded in the program.Originality/value: This opinion piece offers insights in why and how specific components connected to SP needs to be understood by theory and applied by personnel to facilitate a meaningful and sustainable occupational performance for the individuals.
|
|
| 3. |
- Johansson, Erika, et al.
(författare)
-
Let’s Try Social Prescribing in Sweden (SPiS) : an Interventional Project Targeting Loneliness among Older Adults Using a Model for Integrated Care: A Research Protocol
- 2021
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Integrated Care. - : Ubiquity Press. - 1568-4156. ; 21:2
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Loneliness and social isolation among older adults (≥65) are an emerging issue of public concern, associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Today there is no systematic intervention developed, implemented or evaluated in Sweden addressing loneliness. The overall aim for this project is to develop, test and refine a person-centred Swedish model for social prescribing (SPiS), and to assess whether and how it reduces loneliness, promotes health and improves well-being among older adults.Description: The focus will be to develop, culturally adapt, evaluate and refine the SPiS model. Following the sequential structure of realist evaluation in three consecutive phases qualitative and quantitative data along with subsequent analysis methods will be collected and utilized. The project will provide knowledge of what works with the social prescribing model, for whom, in what conditions and why, in relation to loneliness, health and well-being among older adults.Discussion: SPiS has the unique position of providing initial knowledge regarding how to reduce loneliness in the Swedish context. However, evaluation is complex as this research goes beyond the unidimensional question “Is it working?”.Conclusion: Developing, implementing and evaluating such a complex program needs systematic and close evaluation.
|
|
| 4. |
- Ahlin, Catharina, et al.
(författare)
-
Assessing nursing students’ knowledge and skills in performing venepuncture and inserting peripheral venous catheters
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Nurse Education in Practice. - : Elsevier BV. - 1471-5953 .- 1873-5223. ; 23, s. 8-14
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Venepuncture and the insertion of peripheral venous catheters are common tasks in health care, and training in these procedures is included in nursing programmes. Evidence of nursing students’ knowledge and skills in these procedures is limited. The main aim of this study was to assess nursing students’ knowledge and skills when performing venepuncture and inserting peripheral venous catheters. Potential associations between level of knowledge and skills, self-training, self-efficacy, and demographic characteristics were also investigated. The assessment was performed by lecturers at a university college in Sweden using the two previously tested instruments "Assess Venepuncture"€ and "Assess Peripheral Venous Catheter Insertion". Between 81% and 100% of steps were carried out correctly by the students. The step with the highest rating was "€œUses gloves", and lowest rating was "€˜Informs the patients about the possibility of obtaining local anaesthesia"€™. Significant correlations between degree of self-training and correct performance were found in the group of students who registered their self-training. No associations between demographic characteristics and correct performances were found. Assessing that students have achieved adequate levels of knowledge and skills in these procedures at different levels of the nursing education is of importance to prevent complications and support patient safety.
|
|
| 5. |
- Brännström, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
-
How Children Perceive the Acoustic Environment of Their School
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Noise and Health. - 1463-1741. ; 19:87, s. 84-94
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Children's own ratings and opinions on their schools sound environments add important information on noise sources. They can also provide information on how to further improve and optimize children's learning situation in their classrooms. This study reports on the Swedish translation and application of an evidence-based questionnaire that measures how children perceive the acoustic environment of their school. Study Design: The Swedish version was made using a back-To-back translation. Responses on the questionnaire along with demographic data were collected for 149 children aged 9-13 years of age. Results: The Swedish translation of the questionnaire can be reduced from 93 to 27 items. The 27 items were distributed over five separate factors measuring different underlying constructs with high internal consistency and high inter-item correlations. The responses demonstrated that the dining hall/canteen and the corridors are the school spaces with the poorest listening conditions. The highest annoyance was reported for tests and reading; next, student-generated sounds occur more frequently within the classroom than any sudden unexpected sounds, and finally, road traffic noise and teachers in adjoining classrooms are the most frequently occurring sounds from outside the classroom. Several demographic characteristics could be used to predict the outcome on these factors. Conclusion: The findings suggest that crowded spaces are most challenging; the children themselves generate most of the noise inside the classroom, but it is also common to hear road traffic noise and teachers in adjoining classrooms. The extent of annoyance that noise causes depends on the task but seems most detrimental in tasks, wherein the demands of verbal processing are higher. Finally, children with special support seem to report that they are more susceptible to noise than the typical child.
|
|
| 6. |
- Nilsson, Doris, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
-
The experience of internal and external supporting objects from the perspective of six young women who have lost a parent to cancer : An interpretative phenomenological analyisis
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Annals of Psychiatry and Treatment. - 2640-8031. ; 2:(2), s. 24-32
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Adolescents losing a parent are a risk group for future complications in their ongoing live such as higher rate of mortality, self- harm and other mental health problems. There is a lack of knowledge in what, how and when to offer help as well as no concluding theoretical model to understand the whole process of losing a parent. The objective of this study was to examine how the relationships of some young people are affected by the loss of a parent to cancer during their teenage years.Method: Six women aged between 18 and 25 participated in the study. An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) method was used.Result: The theme of loneliness was cemented with the two main themes, into loneliness and out of loneliness and sub-themes such as, cancer comes along, silence, hold on to and miss, those closest, the supporters, independence, closeness and distance.Conclusion: The parent who has died lives on as an inner object and the support from the remaining parent is viewed very important. The process to be back on track seems diverse and continues for a long time and outside help needs to tune in with this.
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
- Arvidsson, Maria, 1984, et al.
(författare)
-
Integration of Biomass Gasification-Based Olefins Production in a Steam Cracker Plant—Global GHG Emission Balances
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Chemical Engineering Transactions. - 2283-9216 .- 2283-9216. ; 45, s. 787-792
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper investigates two options for integration of biomass-based olefin production with a fossil-based steam cracker plant at the heart of a chemical cluster. The work was conducted in the form of a case study considering the possible future partial replacement of a fraction of the cracker olefins with approx. 220 kt/y of biomass-based olefins (ethylene, propylene, and butylene) (approx. 25 % of total capacity) produced via gasification, methanol synthesis, and the methanol-to-olefins (MTO) process. Two options were compared with base case operation with fossil-only feedstock: (i) purchase of methanol produced off-site, and (ii) on-site methanol production. In both cases, the MTO section was assumed to be located at the cracker site, making use of existing olefin separation equipment. Consequences of such partial feedstock substitution for the steam, fuel gas, and electric power balances of the cracker plant were investigated. Potentials for generation of steam and electric power were estimated by assuming integration with a heat recovery steam cycle. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emission balances of the proposed options were estimated by applying a system boundary expansion approach. The GHG emission reduction potentials are shown to be between 50 % and 70 %, compared with the base case. The reduction potential depends on the choice of reference grid electricity generation technology but the major contribution comes from the introduction of renewable feedstock.
|
|
| 9. |
- Johansson, Erika
(författare)
-
Active lifestyle all your life : a multifactorial group-based falls-prevention programme
- 2015
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Internationally, gerontology focuses on an emerging paradigm of healthy ageing where the goal is to extend the senior years in absence of morbidity by improving human health. A major threat to healthy ageing is accidental falls, as falls are the second-leading cause of unintentional injury or deaths worldwide. For the individual who falls, it is crucial to be able to continue living an active, independent life in one’s senior years. Additionally social engagement, valued activities, as well as exercise are known to be essential for longevity. Accidental falls in older age are increasingly problematic worldwide, and are the focus of several research projects. Although multi-factorial fall-prevention interventions have been shown to reduce falls, the translation of research into the practical field, e.g. primary health care, has been limited. An occupational perspective was applied in this thesis, in order to capture the efficacy of a falls-prevention programme in relation to everyday occupations. The programme Active lifestyle all your life was implemented among older adults, over the age of 65, at nine different primary care units in Stockholm, Sweden, during 2011. Each group met for two hours biweekly at the primary health care unit near the older adults’ homes. In total, the groups met 12 times during a nine-month period. At every group meeting, different themes were addressed and all were related to the prevention of falls from multifactorial perspectives. The group leaders encouraged active engagement in discussions, occupations as well as in exercises and in home assignments. The focus in every session was on falls prevention in keeping with the view of valued activities as a prerequisite for health. Throughout the programme, the group leaders used standardised material developed for this programme and every participant was supplied with a complete set of this material in a binder. AIM The overall aim of this thesis was to contribute with new knowledge that reflects experiences from, and efficacy of a multifactorial group-based falls-prevention programme, in relation to everyday occupations among community-dwelling older adults at risk of falling. METHODS The evaluation methods used were a balance between quantitative and qualitative, with an overall RCT design for the participants (n=131). Quantitative outcome measures (Study III & IV) of falls, fear of falling, and participation measures were analysed using descriptive statistics and general estimated equation models (GEE). Focus group interviews (Study I) with the group-leaders (n=15) were analysed using a constant comparative approach and repeated narrative interviews (Study II) with six participants were analysed using thematic analysis. RESULTS The results from the evaluations showed that the participants in the programme had a significant decrease of their risk of falling at follow-up than the controls, and a reduced risk of falls compared to over time. According to the measurements of Fear of falling, the participants in the programme reduced their risk of experiencing fear significantly. Further, the participants in the programme showed positive trends with respect to a decreased risk of experiencing problems with participation at follow-up. The qualitative findings indicated that: the multifactorial approach in general and the group format of the programme specifically, had an important impact on the participants’ engagement in valued activities. The group format worked as an amplifier in the translation of expert knowledge to applied knowledge, which led to increased awareness and behavioural change. In addition, for the process of behavioural change to work, the therapists as group leaders needed to move between the role of the expert and the role of a facilitator to be able to create a safe and benevolent climate for engagement, learning and knowledge translation. CONCLUSION Falls and Fear of falling could be positively impacted by using multifactorial, occupation focused and occupation-based methods. Small group-learning environments in combination with learning by doing, can be an effective approach used to prevent falls and reduce fear of falling among older individuals at risk. The knowledge derived from this thesis could be of use as a prevention programme model for implementing Evidence Based Practice (EBP) in primary health care and could serve as one attempt to plan ahead, and support active ageing by using an occupational perspective.
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
