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- Bergström, Ola, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Klimatomställning på lika villkor? Vägval för Sverige och svensk industri
- 2023
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Föreliggande rapport belyser huruvida Sverige och svensk industri också skall utnyttja de utökade möjligheter till statliga stöd som erbjuds av EU:s nya industripolitik. Den europeiska industri- och klimatpolitiken tillsammans med motsvarande ansats i USA genom Inflation Reduction Act samt den geopolitiska situationen innebär att det inte längre går att luta sig tillbaka mot invanda förhållningssätt utan en lämplig hållning till vertikala (företags- eller sektorsvisa) stöd behöver analyseras inom ramen för denna nya kontext. Vi presenterar en analysram där, utöver traditionell samhällsekonomisk analys kring marknadsmisslyckanden, hänsyn även behöver tas till konkurrensförhållanden, geopolitik inklusive eventuellt behov av strategisk autonomi inom vissa områden samt andra politiska avvägningar.
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| 2. |
- Hjelm, Claus-Göran, et al.
(författare)
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Standards with future relevance for European Social Science data infrastructure / Needs, Key Areas, Rules & Best Practices in Metadata Standard selection and usage : DELIVERABLE D7.2: D7.3 - Data without Boundaries (DwB) WORK PACKAGE 7 - Standards Development
- 2014
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Support for searching and locating OS microdata at NSIs is by far not as developed and coordinated at a European level as for research data at DAs. No structured metadata base exist that present national OS microdata from the NSIs at a European and international level, even if there are some degree of integration via Eurostat/European Statistical System, (ESS)1, by which datasets from different countries are integrated through gathering data from common European Surveys coordinated by Eurostat/ESS. This report is to identify and to discuss such subjects and questions about “future needs”, “best practice” and “open issues” as related topics within the programmatic frame of WP7 on “Standards development”. The report integrates the former separated deliverable DwB D7.2 and DwB D7.3 to achieve most possible coherence and integration in answering leading questions in the field and tackling respective work package tasks. Thus DwB D7.2/3 emphasizes the need for standards development from different points of view, and results from the work in T7.2, T7.3, T7.4 and T7.5, which is detailed in the following. The audiences for this report are the statistical institutes and government agencies that would like to facilitate transnational discovery and access to official microdata.
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| 5. |
- Hjelm, Göran
(författare)
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Is private consumption growth higher (lower) during periods of fiscal contractions (expansions)?
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of Macroeconomics. - 1873-152X. ; 24:1, s. 17-39
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Case studies have claimed that private consumption growth is higher during fiscal contractions due to the very fact that government spending is cut. Indeed, neoclassical theory has this implication. This paper uses regression analysis of a panel of 19 OECD countries and shows that this is not true in general. On the contrary, contraction (expansion) periods experience lower (higher) private consumption growth which questions the generality of the findings in case studies. We find, instead, that preceding exchange rate movements have a significant effect on the private consumption response of fiscal contractions which highlights a rather different expectational channel. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 6. |
- Hjelm, Göran
(författare)
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Macroeconomic Studies on Fiscal Policy and Real Exchange Rates
- 2002
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis contains four empirical macroeconomic studies and the papers may briefly be summarized as follows. In the first paper, we use both descriptive statistics and regression analysis to investigate whether movements in real exchange rates and money supply before and during fiscal contractions matter for the macroeconomic outcome. First we define fiscal contraction. Second, we label the contractions as successes, partial successes or failures depending on the macroeconomic outcome. Third, we confront the three categories with data on real exchange rate and money supply movements and find that preceding real depreciations are significantly larger for contractions having a favorable macroeconomic outcome. In the econometric analysis, we estimate a structural consumption function and find that private consumption growth is higher during contractions preceded by real depreciations compared to contractions preceded by real appreciations. In the second paper, we investigate whether private consumption growth is higher (lower) during periods of fiscal contractions (expansions). We make use of a structural consumption function that controls for the direct effects of e.g. fiscal policy, we focus on the expectational effects of fiscal actions. Contrary to some case studies, the results of our panel data imply that private consumption growth is lower during periods of contractions. We also check the sensitivity of the mentioned result by examining the effects of the composition, the size, and the preceding level and growth of the debt ratio. None of these factors alter the main findings, however. In the third paper we estimate a so-called common trends model of federal taxes and spending in the U.S. We find that the two variables are cointegrated and the common trends model is hence driven by one permanent and one temporary shock. The permanent shock is interpreted as being induced by structural policy decisions, while the temporary shock is of business cycle nature. We assign the permanent economic policy shocks and the business cycle shocks to Democratic and Republican terms. We find that Republicans are responsible for the major attempts to permanently decrease the size of the public sector - especially during the first half of the term - and that Democrats have been in office during most of the positive business cycle shocks. In the fourth paper, we examine the relative importance of permanent and transitory shocks for explaining movements in the real exchange rate of Japan and Sweden. Recent theoretical models suggest that transitory shocks are important both in the short and medium run due to imperfect competition and price stickiness. We estimate a common trends model including the real exchange rate and TFPs of Japan and Sweden. These variables are found to be cointegrated and the model is hence driven by two permanent shocks and one temporary shock. The results imply that, contrary to recent theoretical models, only a minor share (7.2% at most) of the forecast error variance decomposition is explained by the transitory shock. Hence, permanent (productivity) shocks clearly dominate the picture.
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