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- Evengård, Birgitta, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Säker tillgång till mat och vatten prioriterad fråga för Arktis
- 2013
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - Stockholm. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 110:05, s. CCF7-
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Arktis befinner sig i förändring. Dessa förändringar beror på mänskliga aktiviteter i regionen och på den globala klimatförändringen, som märks först och mest i norr till exempel där den sibiriska tundran övergår i gräsbevuxen terräng. Djur och människor som bor i den här delen av världen är redan påverkade av förändringarna och kommer att förbli så under lång tid framöver. Ursprungsbefolkningar runt om i Arktis samlar sig i protester, nu senast i Kanada. De många ursprungsbefolkningarna i Arktis lever ofta nära naturen och är därför mer sårbara än andra, men även samhällen med god infrastruktur påverkas av miljöförändringar. I Sverige märkte vi nyligen detta, när närmare 100 000 personer i Östersund och Skellefteå med omgivningar vintern 2010–2011 fick koka sitt vatten under månader på grund av att en parasit (Cryptosporidium) kom in i vattnet. Olika slags system behöver kontrolleras regelbundet, så att säkra datatolkningar kan ges till beslutsfattare, för att vidta åtgärder i tid för ökad säkerhet.
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- Kuylenstierna, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Feeding the future world : securing enough food for 10 billion people
- 2008
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Ingår i: Water for Food. - : The Swedish Research Council FORMAS. - 9789154060191
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Following a long period of global progress, the last decade ha seen an increase in the number of undernourished people. Keeping pace with population growth remains a challenge in many regions, many of which also experience capacity problems to increase food production. If food prices continue to rise, hundreds of millions of hungry people might be added in just a few years which will also have severe impacts on development in general. To thwart this development, a combination of actions are necessary, ranging from productivity increase, changes in trade and market regimes, climate change adaptation and an increased focus on land and water management issues. The interconnectivity among issues adds complexity and must be addressed. However, it is important to focus on options and actions and not only get stuck in discussing problems.
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- Olli, Gull, 1935-
(författare)
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Waterborne sediment and pollutant transport into lakes and accumulation in lake sediments
- 2008
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The general objective of this thesis is to contribute to the knowledge of the transport of sediments and pollutants from catchments to downstream water recipient systems and their accumulation in these systems, such as lakes and lake sediments. One part of the thesis studies the importance of drainage reach morphology and water flow for the phosphorous (P) transport and retention in the reaches, and the main controlling processes of the P retention in the reach sediments. The second part of the thesis investigates and describes the environmental history of sediment, P and metal transport into and accumulation in the sediments of bay Karlskärsviken, a typical near-shore zone in Lake Mälaren, west of Stockholm, Sweden. The thesis generally shows that the investigated P and metal loads (except for lead) into the near-shore zones of Lake Mälaren have increased over the last 30-40 years and, in spite of environmental regulation, not yet started to decrease. The thesis further shows that the P retention rate in drainage reaches depends on the reach depth and water flow, where shallow reaches retain P faster than deeper ones. A decrease of reach depth and/or water flow, e.g., by allowing ditches to meander and/or become overgrown with vegetation, may therefore decrease the P and possibly also other nutrient and pollutant loading into the recipient waters.
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- Mäler, Karl-Göran, et al.
(författare)
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Pricing resilience in a dynamic economy-environment system : A capital-theoretic approach
- 2007
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper develops a theory for pricing ecological resilience in a dynamic economy-environment system. Following Holling (1973), we define resilience as the maximal perturbation that the system can absorb without flipping into an undesirable state. Based on a multisector growth model, we derive the shadow price of resilience with respect to the probabilities that the system will flip in the future. We also expore the implications of different stochastic processes characterizing the resilience stock. The theory is illustrated by a numerical example from southeast Australia.
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