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| 2. |
- Vogiazides, Louisa, et al.
(författare)
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Geographies of occupational (mis)match : The case of highly educated refugees and family migrants in Sweden
- 2021
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Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract
- A small but growing literature on occupational (mis)match, i.e. whether the educational requirements of one’s occupation correspond to one’s level of education, shows that foreign-born individuals tend to be overeducated to a larger extent than the native-born. Although there is some comparative research across countries, little is known about the geographical variation in occupational (mis)match within countries. This paper aims to describe and explain the patterns of occupational (mis)match among refugees and family migrants in Sweden, with a particular emphasis on their geographical dimension. Applying descriptive and regression analysis to individual-level longitudinal register data, it examines the occurrence of occupational (mis)match among refugee and family migrants who gained residency in Sweden between 2001 and 2014. The results indicate a moderate significance of the regional context for migrants’ likelihood of achieving occupational match. After three years in Sweden, migrants residing in the capital region of Stockholm are the most likely to find a job in line with their qualifications, followed by migrants in Gothenburg and migrants in small city/rural regions. After eight years, however, the only statistically significant difference is between migrants in Stockholm, relative to migrants in the less prosperous region of Malmö. A plausible explanation is that highly educated migrants who achieve occupational match tend to be employed in occupations that are in demand all across the country, notably in the healthcare and education sectors. In addition, the study shows that the validation/assessment of foreign education as well as education obtained in Sweden are positively associated with occupational match.
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| 3. |
- Eklund, Britta, et al.
(författare)
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Pollutant Concentrations and Toxic Effects on the Red Alga Ceramium tenuicorne of Sediments from Natural Harbors and Small Boat Harbors on the West Coast of Sweden
- 2016
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Ingår i: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0090-4341 .- 1432-0703. ; 70:3, s. 583-594
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This investigation set out to analyze the toxicity of surface sediments in a number of natural harbors and small boat harbors on the west coast of Sweden. This was done with the growth inhibition method with Ceramium tenuicorne. Also, concentrations of copper (Cu), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), irgarol, organotin compounds, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the sediments were analyzed. The small boat harbors were heavily polluted by Cu, Zn, butyltins, and PAHs, and to a lesser extent by Pb. The Cu, Pb, Zn, and butyltins probably originated from their past and/or present use in antifouling paints, whereas the PAHs probably had multiple sources, including boat motor exhausts. The measured toxicity of the sediment was generally related to their Cu, Zn, and butyltin content, although other toxic substances than those analyzed here probably contributed to the toxicity in some of the harbors. The natural harbor sediments contained less pollutants and were less toxic than the small boat harbor sediments. Nevertheless, our data indicate that the boating pressure today may be high enough to produce toxic effects even in natural harbors in pristine areas. The strongest relationship between toxicity and the major pollutants was obtained when the sediment toxicity was expressed as gram wet weight per liter compared with gram dry weight per liter and gram total organic carbon per liter. Hence, for pollutants that can be elutriated with natural sea water, sediment toxicity expressed as gram wet weight per liter appears preferable.
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| 4. |
- Israelsson, Charlotte, et al.
(författare)
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Altered expression of myelin-associated inhibitors and their receptors after traumatic brain injury in the mouse
- 2014
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Ingår i: Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience. - 0922-6028 .- 1878-3627. ; 32:5, s. 717-731
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: When central nervous system axons are injured, regeneration is partly inhibited by myelin-associated inhibitors (MAIs). Following traumatic brain injury (TBI) in the rat, pharmacological neutralisation of the MAIs Nogo-A and myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) resulted in improved functional outcome. In contrast, genetic or pharmacological neutralization of the MAI receptors Nogo-66 receptor 1 (NgR1) or paired-immunoglobulin like receptor-B (PirB) showed an unaltered or impaired outcome following TBI in mice. The aim of the present study was thus to evaluate the MAI expression levels following TBI in mice. Methods: Quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to measure total RNA isolated from brains of young adult male C57BL/6 mice at one, three or seven days following controlled cortical impact TBI or sham injury. Hippocampal and neocortical tissue ipsi- and contralateral to the injury was analyzed for Nogo-A, oligodendrocyte-myelin glycoprotein (OMgp), MAG, and the MAI receptors PirB and NgR1, including its co-receptor Lingo1. Results: Compared to sham-injured controls, PirB neocortical expression was significantly upregulated at one day and NgR1 expression downregulated at seven days post-TBI. In the hippocampus, transcriptional upregulation was observed in Nogo-A (one day post-injury), MAG and PirB at seven days post-injury. In contrast, the hippocampal transcripts of NgR1 and Lingo1 were decreased at seven days post-injury. The expression of OMgp was unaltered at all time points post-injury. Conclusion: These results suggest that early dynamic changes in MAI gene expression occur following TBI in the mouse, particularly in the hippocampus, which may play an inhibitory role for post-injury regeneration and plasticity.
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| 5. |
- Israelsson, Charlotte, et al.
(författare)
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Interacting Chemokine Signals Regulate Dendritic Cells in Acute Brain Injury
- 2014
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 9:8, s. e104754-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Brain trauma is known to activate inflammatory cells via various chemokine signals although their interactions remain to be characterized. Mice deficient in Ccl3, Ccr2 or Cxcl10 were compared with wildtype mice after controlled cortical impact injury. Expression of Ccl3 in wildtypes was rapidly upregulated in resident, regularly spaced reactive microglia. Ccl3-deficiency enhanced endothelial expression of platelet selectin and invasion of peripheral inflammatory cells. Appearance of Ccr2 transcripts, encoding the Ccl2 receptor, reflected invasion of lysozyme 2-expressing phagocytes and classical antigen-presenting dendritic cells expressing major histocompatibility complex class II. Ccr2 also directed clustered plasmacytoid dendritic cells positive for the T-cell attracting chemokine Cxcl10. A reduction in Ccr2 and dendritic cells was found in injured wildtype cortex after cyclophosphamide treatment resembling effects of Ccr2-deficiency. The findings demonstrate the feasibility to control inflammation in the injured brain by regulating chemokine-dependent pathways.
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| 6. |
- Bengtsson, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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NOISUN - Noise barriers with sun energy production for district heating system
- 2013
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Ingår i: 42nd International Congress and Exposition on Noise Control Engineering 2013: Noise Control for Quality of Life, INTER-NOISE 2013. ; , s. 2524-2532
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Noise exposure is a considerable environmental problem. Noise management is of increasing importance to human health and quality of life. Over two million people in Sweden are exposed to traffic noise exceeding 55 dB. The Swedish municipality of Lerum is divided by major transport thoroughfares for both road and rail traffic. In addition to tackling noise pollution, the municipality aims to invest in energy-saving and renewable energy technology in order to cut the emissions of greenhouse gases by 2050. The project will demonstrate innovative noise barriers producing solar energy for distribution to local district heating systems, hence an environmentally sound technology. This will be achieved by installing and evaluating specially adapted solar collectors at a major transport thoroughfare for both road traffic and rail in Lerum, which has been identified as the most suitable location. The noise barrier effect will be evaluated by measurements and a questionnaire on perceived noise annoyance both before and after the barrier has been built. The number of properties and people with noise levels above the guideline value of 55 dB is expected to reduce by 60-90 percent and noise levels are expected to reduce by 5-10 dB. Solar collectors are expected to produce somewhat 250 000 kWh of heat at 75 °C to the district heating per year. Reduction of costs associated with noise of SEK 630 000 - 945 000 per year and an increase in the value of properties of 5% is expected.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Israelsson, Charlotte, et al.
(författare)
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Appearance of Cxcl10-expressing cell clusters is common for traumatic brain injury and neurodegenerative disorders
- 2010
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Ingår i: European Journal of Neuroscience. - : Wiley. - 0953-816X .- 1460-9568. ; 31:5, s. 852-863
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Traumatic brain injury (TBI) in the mouse results in the rapid appearance of scattered clusters of cells expressing the chemokine Cxcl10 in cortical and subcortical areas. To extend the observation of this unique pattern, we used neuropathological mouse models using quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, gene array analysis, in-situ hybridization and flow cytometry. As for TBI, cell clusters of 150–200 μm expressing Cxcl10 characterize the cerebral cortex of mice carrying a transgene encoding the Swedish mutation of amyloid precursor protein, a model of amyloid Alzheimer pathology. The same pattern was found in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice modelling multiple sclerosis. In contrast, mice carrying a SOD1G93A mutant mimicking amyotrophic lateral sclerosis pathology lacked such cell clusters in the cerebral cortex, whereas clusters appeared in the brainstem and spinal cord. Mice homozygous for a null mutation of the Cxcl10 gene did not show detectable levels of Cxcl10 transcript after TBI, confirming the quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and in-situ hybridization signals. Moreover, unbiased microarray expression analysis showed that Cxcl10 was among 112 transcripts in the neocortex upregulated at least threefold in both TBI and ageing TgSwe mice, many of them involved in inflammation. The identity of the Cxcl10+ cells remains unclear but flow cytometry showed increased numbers of activated microglia/macrophages as well as myeloid dendritic cells in the TBI and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis models. It is concluded that the Cxcl10+ cells appear in the inflamed central nervous system and may represent a novel population of cells that it may be possible to target pharmacologically in a broad range of neurodegenerative conditions.
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| 9. |
- Regnell, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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A Measurement Framework for Team Level Assessment of Innovation Capability in Early Requirements Engineering
- 2009
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Ingår i: Product-Focused Software Process Improvement (Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing). - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg. - 1865-1348. ; 32, s. 71-86
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- When developing software-intensive products for a market-place it is important for a development organisation to create innovative features for coming releases in order to achieve advantage over competitors. This paper focuses on assessment of innovation capability at team level in relation to the requirements engineering that is taking place before the actual product development projects are decided, when new business models, technology opportunities and intellectual property rights are created and investigated through e.g. prototyping and concept development. The result is a measurement framework focusing on four areas: innovation elicitation, selection, impact and ways-of-working. For each area, candidate measurements were derived from interviews to be used as inspiration in the development of a tailored measurement program. The framework is based on interviews with participants of a software team with specific innovation responsibilities and validated through cross-case analysis and feedback from practitioners.
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| 10. |
- Bengtsson, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Generation and characterization of a Gdf1 conditional null allele
- 2008
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Ingår i: Genesis. - : Wiley. - 1526-954X .- 1526-968X. ; 46:7, s. 368-372
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Growth differentiation factor-1 (GDF1), a TGF-beta superfamily member, participates in early embryo patterning. Later functions are implied by the Gdf1 expression in the peripheral and central nervous system. Such roles of the gene have been difficult to study, because Gdf1 null mice die during late embryogenesis. Here, we report the production of a mouse carrying a conditional Gdf1 allele, with exon 2 flanked by loxP sites. Crossing these mice with CaMKIIalpha-Cre mice resulted in Gdf1 ablation in the forebrain postnatally. Such mice displayed no behavioral changes or altered expression levels in a set of hippocampal genes examined. However, excision of the floxed Gdf1 exon caused increased expression of the remaining part of the bicistronic Uog1-Gdf1 transcript in the hippocampus. This indicates that the transcript level is regulated by a negative feedback-loop, sensing presence of either the protein or the mRNA region encoded by Gdf1 exon 2.
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