| 1. |
- Brusentsev, Yury, et al.
(författare)
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Photocross-Linkable and Shape-Memory Biomaterial Hydrogel Based on Methacrylated Cellulose Nanofibres
- 2023
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Ingår i: Biomacromolecules. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1525-7797 .- 1526-4602. ; 24:8, s. 3835-3845
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the context of three-dimensional (3D) cell culture and tissue engineering, 3D printing is a powerful tool for customizing in vitro 3D cell culture models that are critical for understanding the cell-matrix and cell-cell interactions. Cellulose nanofibril (CNF) hydrogels are emerging in constructing scaffolds able to imitate tissue in a microenvironment. A direct modification of the methacryloyl (MA) group onto CNF is an appealing approach to synthesize photocross-linkable building blocks in formulating CNF-based bioinks for light-assisted 3D printing; however, it faces the challenge of the low efficiency of heterogenous surface modification. Here, a multistep approach yields CNF methacrylate (CNF-MA) with a decent degree of substitution while maintaining a highly dispersible CNF hydrogel, and CNF-MA is further formulated and copolymerized with monomeric acrylamide (AA) to form a super transparent hydrogel with tuneable mechanical strength (compression modulus, approximately 5-15 kPa). The resulting photocurable hydrogel shows good printability in direct ink writing and good cytocompatibility with HeLa and human dermal fibroblast cell lines. Moreover, the hydrogel reswells in water and expands to all directions to restore its original dimension after being air-dried, with further enhanced mechanical properties, for example, Young’s modulus of a 1.1% CNF-MA/1% PAA hydrogel after reswelling in water increases to 10.3 kPa from 5.5 kPa.
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| 2. |
- Eriksson, John, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Cognitivism and the argument from evidence non-responsiveness
- 2023
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Ingår i: Ethical Theory and Moral Practice. - 1386-2820.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Several philosophers have recently challenged cognitivism, i.e., the view that moral judgments are beliefs, by arguing that moral judgments are evidence non-responsive in a way that beliefs are not. If you believe that P, but acquire (sufficiently strong) evidence against P, you will give up your belief that P. This does not seem true for moral judgments. Some subjects maintain their moral judgments despite believing that there is (sufficiently strong) evidence against the moral judgments. This suggests that there is a mismatch between moral judgments and beliefs. This is an interesting argument. In particular, it forces the cognitivist to be more explicit about the nature of belief and the sense in which moral judgments are responsive to evidence. This paper has two aims. First, it aims to systematically examine different versions of the argument from evidence non-responsiveness. Second, it aims to outline a more nuanced understanding of the sense in which beliefs are evidence responsive that explains why the extant versions of the argument do not constitute a challenge to cognitivism.
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| 3. |
- Eriksson, John, 1973
(författare)
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Disagreement and inconsistency: a problem for orthodox expressivism
- 2022
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Ingår i: Synthese. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0039-7857 .- 1573-0964. ; 200:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- What makes two sentences inconsistent? Expressivists understand the meaning of a sentence in terms of the mental state it expresses. In order to explain the inconsistency between two sentences, the expressivist must appeal to some inconsistency feature of the mental states expressed. A simple explanation is that two sentences, e.g., “murder is wrong” and “murder is not wrong” are inconsistent by virtue of expressing mental states that disagree. Schroeder (2008) argues that the expressivist lacks a plausible explanation of the disagreement. Baker & Woods (2015) argue that Schroeder is wrong. With these authors, I agree that expressivists have an explanation of disagreement, but this does not adequately explain why two sentences are inconsistent. The reason is that two intuitively inconsistent sentences do not necessarily express mental states that disagree. Moreover, assuming that the expressivist gives a structurally identical explanation for moral and non-moral language, the problem generalizes to non-moral language. It is also argued that the problem extends to thought. How expressivists can and should conceive of inconsistency thus remains a challenge.
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| 4. |
- Eriksson, John, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Moral Judgments, Cognitivism and the Dispositional Nature of Belief: Why Moral Peer Intransigence is Intelligible
- 2021
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Ingår i: Philosophia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0048-3893 .- 1574-9274. ; 49, s. 1753-1766
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Richard Rowland has recently argued that considerations based on moral disagreement between epistemic peers give us reason to think that cognitivism about moral judgments, i.e., the thesis that moral judgments are beliefs, is false. The novelty of Rowland's argument is to tweak the problem descriptively, i.e., not focusing on what one ought to do, but on what disputants actually do in the light of peer disagreement. The basic idea is that moral peer disagreement is intelligible. However, if moral judgments were beliefs, and beliefs track perceived evidence, then moral peer disagreement would not be intelligible. Hence, moral judgments are not beliefs. The argument is both novel and interesting, but this paper argues that it fails to establish the conclusion. Beliefs are plausibly analyzed as constituted by dispositions to respond to what is perceived as evidence, but dispositions can always be interfered with. Provided a background explanation of why the disposition is not manifested, peer intransigence is quite intelligible.
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| 5. |
- Eriksson, John, et al.
(författare)
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Primary small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors are highly prevalent and often multiple before metastatic disease develops
- 2021
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Surgery. - : Sage Publications. - 1457-4969 .- 1799-7267. ; 110:1, s. 44-50
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors are the most common of small bowel malignancies with a clinical incidence of about 1 per 100,000 persons per year. There has been a threefold increase in the incidence of small intestinal neuroendocrine tumor during later decades, but there are no studies that clarify whether this is due to a true higher incidence or if the rise is a mere product of, for instance, improved diagnostic modalities. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of clinical as well as subclinical small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors found at autopsy as well as describing the frequency of concomitant malignancies in patients with small intestinal neuroendocrine tumor. Materials and methods: An autopsy registry from the Malmo county population from 1970 to 1982 with an 87% autopsy rate was used. The clinical autopsy reports for patients coded for the existence of "carcinoid tumor" were scrutinized for the presence of small intestinal neuroendocrine tumor, metastatic disease, and concomitant malignancies. Details of patients with clinically diagnosed small intestinal neuroendocrine tumor during this time period were gathered from the Swedish Cancer Registry. Results: The mean annual incidence of small intestinal neuroendocrine tumor during this period was 5.33 per 100,000 individuals, and the mean annual prevalence was 581 per 100,000. The cause of death in the majority of cases was not due to small intestinal neuroendocrine tumor. In total, 48% of the people with small intestinal neuroendocrine tumor had at least one other malignancy, most commonly colorectal cancer. Conclusion: Most small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors are subclinical, and persons living with them will often die due to other causes. There was a high rate of multiple primary tumors (40%), suggesting that multiple tumors seem to arise before the advent of metastatic disease. Moreover, a comparably high rate of associated colorectal carcinoma was found.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Eriksson, John, et al.
(författare)
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Prognostic factors for death after surgery for small intestinal neuroendocrine tumours.
- 2018
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Ingår i: BJS Open. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2474-9842. ; 2:5, s. 345-352
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Neuroendocrine tumours of the small intestine (SI-NETs) are rare gastrointestinal neoplasms with an annual incidence of about one per 100 000. Patients with apparently similar tumours have variable outcomes. The aim of this study was to identify postoperative prognostic factors identifiable after initial surgery.Methods: This was a nested case-control study of patients with SI-NETs who were treated between 1961 and 2001. Data were retrieved from the Swedish Cancer Registry. Patients who died from the SI-NET and corresponding controls (who outlived cases by at least 1 month), matched by age at diagnosis and calendar period, were included. Sex, postoperative symptoms, postoperative 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) values, European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (ENETS) stage, insufficiency of the tricuspid valve, radical secondary surgery and secondary malignancy were studied as potential prognostic factors.Results: In total, 1122 patients were included (561 cases, 561 controls). Postoperative factors of prognostic importance included hormone-related symptoms, stage IV disease, raised levels of 5-HIAA, insufficiency of the tricuspid valve, secondary surgery not being macroscopically radical and a second malignancy.Conclusion: Stage and symptomatic disease are important prognostic factors in SI-NET.
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| 8. |
- Eriksson, John
(författare)
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Prognostic Factors for Death in Small Intestinal Neuroendocrine Tumours
- 2018
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Tumours in the small intestine are rare compared to those in other gastrointestinal organs. Small intestinal neuroendocrine tumours (SI-NETs) are the most common small bowel tumours with an annual incidence of 0.3-1.7 per 100 000 persons. They are characterised by their usually indolent nature and, even though many patients present with metastatic disease, survival is favourable compared to most other gastrointestinal malignancies. The principal aim of this thesis was to establish prognostic factors over the entire life span of patients with SI-NETs. Paper I confirmed the known prognostic factors of metastatic and symptomatic disease as preoperative prognostic factors. In this paper, we also showed that patients with symptomatic Stage IV disease are the most likely patients to die from their SI-NET. Patients who undergo surgery in an emergency setting fared better than patients who had elective surgery and this can possibly be explained by patients having less advanced disease in emergency procedures. Paper II focused on the perioperative period, during which liver metastases and peritoneal carcinomatosis stood out as the most important prognostic factors. A macroscopically radical surgery had a positive prognostic impact, as did radical locoregional surgery (LRS). In univariable analysis, LRS was a positive prognostic factor regardless of TNM stage. In Paper III, the specific findings that had prognostic impacts in the postoperative period were the negative impacts of carcinoid heart disease and non-radical secondary surgery. The occurrence of a second malignancy seemed to have positive prognostic value but was most likely a result of study design. Paper IV studied expression patterns seen on immunohistochemistry of primary and metastatic tissue sections from the primary operation in 40 patients. In this study, low TFF3 expression in primary tumours was correlated to decreased survival. We also proposed a dual mechanism for TFF3 in the dedifferentiation of SI-NETs based on the finding of high TFF3 expressions in metastatic tissue. The expression of mindin and ACTG2 was higher in G2 tumours and we suggested that mindin played a role as an indirect promoter of proliferation and cell migration. Finally, in Paper V, we calculated the mean annual incidence of clinical and subclinical SI-NETs from autopsy material comprised of the very high number of autopsies from the Malmö region between the years 1970 and 1982. The total mean annual incidence of SI-NETs was 5.7 per 100 000 and males were more likely to harbour a SI-NET than females. In this material, 40% of those with a SI-NET had at least one other malignancy, which constitutes a more than three-fold increased rate of synchronous malignancies in SI-NET cases.
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| 9. |
- Eriksson, John, 1973
(författare)
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Noncognitivism: From the Vienna Circle to the Present Day
- 2017
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Ingår i: The Cambridge History of Moral Philosophy / Edited by Sacha Golob and Jens Timmermann. - Cambridge : Cambridge University Press. - 9781107033054 ; , s. 591-606
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 10. |
- Eriksson, John, et al.
(författare)
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The Influence of Preoperative Symptoms on the Death of Patients with Small Intestinal Neuroendocrine Tumors
- 2017
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Ingår i: Annals of Surgical Oncology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1068-9265 .- 1534-4681. ; 24:5, s. 1214-1220
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors (SI-NETs) are uncommon tumors with an annual incidence of about 1 per 100,000. Usually, SI-NETs have a slow progression, and patients often present with generalized disease. Many patients do well, and the disease has a relatively favorable 5-year survival rate. Some SI-NETs, however, have a more negative prognosis. This study aimed to establish prognostic factors for death identifiable at primary surgery. A nested case-control study investigated 1150 patients from the cohort of all patients with a diagnosis of SI-NETs in Sweden between 1961 and 2001. The study cases consisted of all patients who died of SI-NETs during the study period. Each case was assigned a control subject matched by age at diagnosis and calendar period. Possible prognostic factors [gender, degree of symptoms, indication for surgery, World Health Organization (WHO) stage] were evaluated in uni- and multivariable analyses. The patients with symptomatic disease had an increased risk of dying. The indication for primary surgery influenced survival, showing a more negative prognosis for elective surgery. The WHO stage influenced survival, and stage 4 patients had an almost threefold risk of dying compared with stages 1 to 3b patients. This study showed that preoperative symptoms are important in prognostication for SI-NETs. Hormonal symptoms generally signify a patient with a more advanced disease stage and a worse prognosis. Including symptomatic disease together with the WHO stage and grade could possibly increase the accuracy of prognostication.
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