| 1. |
- Fichtel, Joakim
(författare)
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Interorganizational Networks, Financing and Commercialization of Life Science Innovations
- 2024
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The biotechnology industry is known for being highly networked and knowledge-intensive, as well as highly internationalized. Young firms within this sector are reliant on long term support from financiers, research collaborators and supply of highly skilled human capital. Further, contributing to the unique circumstances for entrepreneurship in this industry, it is not uncommon for firms to have no product or service, nor revenues, many years or even decades after its founding. Creating and maintaining relationships with their external environment therefore becomes essential for survival.This thesis aims to study how interorganizational networks form over time and to contribute to the understanding of how activities of entrepreneurial actors draw on and shape the networks in which they are embedded. To achieve this, 319 Swedish firms in the Swedish biotechnology industry were studied longitudinally over a period of ten years. Data was collected on their activities and relationships with actors in the entrepreneurial ecosystem surrounding biotechnology firms. A relational database of 7,745 interactions between 2,868 unique actors was constructed and analyzed using social network analysis, and additional statistical analysis was performed using panel data linear regression modeling.The findings suggest that there are significant differences in how structural characteristics of the different layers within interorganizational networks enable and constrain entrepreneurial firms in their relationships with external stakeholders. The entrepreneurial ecosystems are presented as supra-local phenomena, integrated in and through networks transcending traditional geographical confines of ecosystems. The result of this thesis underscores the importance of understanding the multi-layered and international dimensions of interorganizational networks, particularly in a knowledge-intensive and globally interconnected industry like biotechnology. An important outcome of this research is that it underscores the importance of financing for bringing biotechnology innovations to market.
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| 2. |
- Eriksson, Kent, et al.
(författare)
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Social network analysis in research on digitalization in sustainable built environment : A review of research ccomplishments and future research challenges
- 2023
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Ingår i: Engineering Project Organization Journal. - : Engineering Project Organization Society (EPOS). - 2157-3735 .- 2157-3727. ; 11:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a research agenda for Social Network Analysis (SNA) in Digitalization in Sustainable Built Environment research (DSBE). The paper contains a description of SNA, and reviews the use of SNA in DSBE research. Also, the paper identifies future research challenges that SNA can help resolve. A literature review of DSBE finds that of 506 articles in 36 journals, only 1 article includes SNA. This is surprising, given the growing interest in SNA in digitally related fields. We review the 506 DSBE articles and analyze how SNA can contribute to the field. To understand how SNA can be used in DSBE research, we also analyze how SNA has been applied in Digitalization in Built Environment research that is not focused on sustainability. Findings are that SNA can be a useful and powerful tool, because it can help in analysis of how multiple actors interact, which is a common theme in built environment research. An example is that architects, contractors, and developers are separate actor groups that can improve sustainable solutions through networked cooperation. Another area in which SNA can advance research is in the study of how actor networks of companies or people relate to networks of data or physical buildings or sensors. An example is that actors may change their behavior based on sensor data, and SNA can study sensor data networks and actor behavior networks as interconnected layers. Methodological advances are key to advancing research to meet sustainability challenges. Specifically, SNA can make it possible for the built environment area to advance sustainability and digitalization research, because SNA has a rich array of empirical and conceptual tools for the study of networks.
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| 3. |
- Hoeft, Madeleine, et al.
(författare)
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Construction Automation and Robotics in Infrastructure
- 2022
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In Sweden, as in many other countries, the construction andinfrastructure sector are of large and growing importance for the economyand society. For instance, the construction industry’s turnover equals 11% ofthe Swedish gross domestic product (GDP) (Byggföretagen 2021), and theSwedish Transport Administration plans to invest SEK 799 billion during theperiod 2022-2033 (Regeringen 2021). At the same time, the cost ofinfrastructure projects has increased more than the consumer price index(CPI) (Trafikverket (2021)), partly due to a poorer development of theproductivity compared to other industries. An improved productivity andefficiency in the transport infrastructure and construction industry istherefore necessary. One way to increase productivity, improve theoccupational health and safety, and sustainability is through automation anddigitalization of the construction industry.The aim of the present report has been to identify ongoing initiatives andexisting research trends in construction automation with a focus on civilengineering, both nationally and internationally; and to identify potentialsand challenges that exist for the development of construction automation.Furthermore, the prerequisites for the implementation of automation in theconstruction industry have been studied. The research questions were studiedthrough a literature study and two thematic days on the subject.The results from the literature study shows that a clear increasing trendexists, both nationally and internationally, in automation, digitization androbotisation in the construction industry. The same trend can also be seen incivil engineering for roads, bridges, tunnels, as well as in the mining industry.With the mining industry as a role model, construction companies,universities, suppliers and clients together with small and medium-sizedenterprises (SMEs) should come together to develop a common vision and astrategic roadmap to enforce automation and digitization of the constructionindustry. A development of both technical, organizational and financialstructures is required, where an attractive business ecosystem can bedeveloped, enabling the upscaling of construction automation.Interdisciplinary collaborations, test-beds at an early stage, competencedevelopment, new financing infrastructure and a common vision are crucialto create conditions for construction automation.
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| 6. |
- Sun, Jing, et al.
(författare)
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BIM-based 3D Cadastral Management. Slutrapport för projektet BIM-baserad hantering av 3D-fastighetsinformation
- 2022
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- För 3D-fastighetsförvaltning är huvudsyftet förmågan att utveckla och hantera 3D-fastighetsförvaltning digitalt, holistiskt och hållbart. För att uppnå det har projektet BIM-baserad hantering av 3D-fastighetsinformation haft huvudfokus på hur man kan använda en BIM-ansats i digitaliseringen av 3D fastighetsinformation genom en tvärvetenskaplig metodik. Forskargruppen har bestått av forskare från KTH, Lunds universitet, Högskolan i Gävle och Lantmäteriet samt arbete tillsammans med en referensgrupp från Stockholmsstad och industriföretag. I projektet har två arbetspaket genomförts: Arbetspaket 1 – livscykel för en svensk 3D-fastighetsbildningsprocess och Arbetspaket 2 –fastighetsekosystem. Arbetspaket 1 har utvecklat en BIM-baserad livscykel för en svensk 3D-fastighetsbildningsprocess i form av en IDM-processkarta för att visa hur 3D-fastighetsdata, 2D/3D GIS-data och BIM-modeller skulle kunna delas, utbytas och lagras genom hantering av olika aktörer. Arbetspaket 2 har föreslagit och skapat ett nytt multidisciplinärt nätverk för samarbete–affärsekosystembaserad fastighetsförvaltning och utvidgning till ett bredare ramverk – fastighetsekosystem, som skulle kunna länka policy, aktörer, process, teknik och affärer tillsammans för en bättre och djupare förståelse av hållbar 3D-fastighetsförvaltning ur juridiska, tekniska, registrerings- och organisatoriska perspektiv. Sammantaget visar resultaten att integrationen av BIM och 3D GIS för 3Dregistrering kan ge involverade aktörer nödvändig och korrekt information, kunskap och insikt som förbättrar ekonomiska, miljömässiga och sociala resultat på ett hållbart sätt för både städer och medborgare. Vidare skulle fastighetsekosystemet kunna underlätta policyimplementering, samordna aktörers samarbete, förbättra processeffektiviteten, uppnå teknikintegration och innovation samt skapa värde över multidisciplinära kompletterande bidrag. I slutändan ger författarna rekommendationer från policy-, aktörs-, process-, teknik- och affärsaspekter som på ett holistiskt sätt skulle kunna underlätta digitaliseringen av livscykeln för 3D-fastighetsförvaltning och påskynda utvecklingen av fastighetsekosystemet på ett hållbart sätt. Målgruppen för resultatet av detta projekt är alla som deltar i eller berörs av 3D-fastighetsbildning, både vid nybyggnation och inom befintligt byggnadsbestånd, såsom kommunala och statliga förvaltare, exploatörer, sökande/fastighetsägare, medborgare, politiker, myndigheter och andra organisationer.
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| 7. |
- Sun, Jing, 1987-
(författare)
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Integration of BIM and 3D GIS for sustainable cadastre
- 2022
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Building Information Modelling (BIM) has prominently innovated and digitalized buildingenvironment through digital representation of buildings, lifecycle process and managementfor involved actors. Rapidly developed from Geographical Information System (GIS) domain,three-dimensionally (3D) GIS provides powerful and comprehensive functions of planning,modelling, visualizing and analyzing 3D geodata in large scale. BIM and 3D GIS, both asmodern 3D spatial technologies, overlap partly but focus on different purposes andapplications with own international standards, for example Industry Foundation Classes (IFC)for BIM and CityGML for 3D GIS respectively. Therefore, the sharing and integration of BIMdata and geodata is mutually beneficial for comprehensive 3D city modelling.The cadastre playing a pivotal role of land use is a land information system that records legaland spatial information of land parcels, traditionally in textual files and 2D cadastral maps. In order to satisfy the needs for better urban land use and avoid ambiguous problems due tomore complex spaces, cadastre is under transition from 2D to 3D for representing, modellingand visualizing property units, rights and boundaries practically.This thesis explores the integration of BIM and 3D GIS for sustainable 3D cadastre from legal,technical, registration and organizational perspectives. The outcomes include a method toevaluate geometric aspects of BIM data quality, a framework for representing and visualizing3D cadastre by integrating Land Administration Domain Model (LADM), BIM and 3D GIS, alifecycle process of 3D property formation developed by Information Delivery Manual (IDM),a business ecosystem-based 3D cadastral management, and cadastre ecosystem. The value ofmultidisciplinary integrating these topics is to fulfil the demands of sustainable urbandevelopment and lifecycle management of cadastre in the digitalization of cadastre and smartcity. Overall, the findings show that the integration of BIM and 3D GIS for 3D cadastre canprovide involved actors with necessary and accurate information, knowledge and insight thatenhances financial, environmental, and social outcomes sustainably for both cities andcitizens.
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| 8. |
- Vigren, Olli, 1987-, et al.
(författare)
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Digitalization, innovation capabilities and absorptive capacity in the Swedish real estate ecosystem
- 2022
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Ingår i: Facilities. - : Emerald Group Holdings Ltd.. - 0263-2772 .- 1758-7131. ; 40:15-16, s. 89-106
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to increase the knowledge of real estate firms’ capabilities to innovate and, consequently, their capacity to absorb new innovations and benefit from digital technologies in an ecosystem context. Design/methodology/approach: The results are based on 32 interviews with representatives of Swedish real estate owners, real estate owner industry associations and suppliers of digital technology to real estate owners. The data are interpreted using theories on absorptive capacity (i.e. the capacity to absorb new innovations), innovation capabilities and innovation ecosystems. Findings: The real estate owners, technology suppliers and real estate owner industry associations have expanded their innovation capabilities and reshaped their innovation ecosystem by initiating a number of different digitalization activities; for example, the development of new IT systems, digital platforms, services and business models. The absorptive capacity has been improved as the organizations have changed routines and structures related to innovation, and they have taken on new roles related to digitalization and innovation, making them better able to absorb new innovations. Also, this paper identifies several drivers and obstacles to digitalization in the real estate sector. Research limitations/implications: The increased capabilities related to digitalization can lead to better absorptive capacity on an individual firm level, which can contribute to the overall development of these firms in a longer-term. Also, new capabilities may lead to better absorptive capacity in the real estate sector at large, as firms may benefit from each other’s capabilities through collaboration. The limitations are that this study does not interview tenants or facility management firms and that the findings represent the context of the Swedish real estate market. Originality/value: This paper investigates innovation capabilities, absorptive capacity and innovation ecosystems of real estate owners, their technology suppliers and real estate owner industry associations on the organizational level and on the sector level, into which there is little previous research. Also, this paper highlights the novelty of digitalization as a phenomenon in the sector.
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| 9. |
- Vigren, Olli, 1987-
(författare)
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Digitalization, sustainability, and ecosystems : An application of social network analysis to the real estate sector
- 2022
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Societies today have increasing economic, social, and environmental needs for their built environments. The performance of the built environment depends largely on urban development, with the role of digital technologies therein being a long-standing research topic. The extant literature, however, has focused less on the organizational capabilities, such as absorptive capacity, that are needed for new technology adoption and organizational change. The capabilities of real estate owners, who are key decision makers throughout the built environment life cycle, have also, surprisingly, been neglected. The purpose of this thesis is to increase the understanding of digitalization and sustainability in the built environment. To this end, this thesis presents the results of an empirical study of the capabilities of real estate owners, technology suppliers and industry associations in the context of a business ecosystem within the Swedish real estate sector. The findings show that real estate actors have developed new organizational capabilities related to digitalization and within collaborations inside the business ecosystem overall. For example, real estate owners have invested in R&D labs and business development functions that are atypical within the sector. These new capabilities may contribute to digitalization and sustainability within the built-environment sector more broadly. Nevertheless, many structural issues characteristic of a fragmented sector remain. Additionally, this thesis contributes to ecosystem theory and its methodology and to the built environment research methodology. The literature on the use of social network analysis methods in ecosystem and built environment research is reviewed, with the conclusion that social network analysis methods have great research potential despite being rarely used. Furthermore, formal concept analysis of ecosystem concepts is conducted, and a methodological framework for understanding ecosystems as multilevel structures that consist of flows between ecosystem actors and emergent system-level properties is presented. The introduction of new theories and methods in the built environment literature is important, as digitalization and sustainability transcend traditional organizational and technological boundaries.
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