| 1. |
- Zhang, Yan, 1983-
(författare)
-
VALUE CO-CREATION FOR SUSTAINABLE PRODUCT SERVICE SYSTEM DESIGN : OPPORTUNITY FOR GLOBAL MANUFACTURING COMPANIES
- 2024
-
Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- There is a gradually spreading servitization trend that is forcing industrial manufacturing companies acting in the global market to rethink their business. Manufacturing companies that were traditionally perceived as product-centered, are today increasingly influenced by a service-oriented theory, which claims that manufacturing companies are driven to shift their business focus towards a strategy where customer-perceived value is in the spotlight, and where products are bundled with services to offer Product-Service Systems (PSS). The need to integrate several knowledge domains (i.e. product development, service development, recycling, etc.) means that industry companies need to move “downstream” knowledge from the entire lifecycle into the early phases of the PSS design process where critical decisions are made. At the same time, this raises the awareness of, and requirements for, methods and tools that support cross-disciplinary team collaboration in the process of designing these PSS solutions. Value co-creation is one strategy to address customer collaboration to develop PSS in a framework that allows different stakeholders to participate in defining design concepts and finding the optimal combination of hardware and service that supplies the desired value. Value co-creation strategy and global collaborative innovation are essential for manufacturing companies to explore new ways of designing PSS.The thesis summarizes the research performed by the author, as an industrial Ph.D. student and director for system innovation at BIGmind Innovation. This thesis aims to study and explore the motivation for, and challenges of, working with value co-creation for PSS design by global manufacturing companies. Firstly, the empirical research determined that there are different challenges that global manufacturing companies and product development face when designing PSS. The work involves exploring value co-creation via a customer collaborative design platform and experience prototyping for product-service system design. The research shows that there is a lack of knowledge about guidelines and processes for collaboration in value co-creation. The research emphasizes that the PSS design methodologies of today neglect to specify the roles and responsibilities of the actors who co-create PSS offerings, and there is a lack of understanding of the entire process and how it is implemented in industrial practice when developing solutions.Conclusions from this work suggest that government policies can make a fast and major impact on the demand for innovations and PSS development. Additionally, a value co-creation approach promotes large-scale user participation in the early phase of PSS design. To enhance stakeholder participation and gather feedback, experiential prototypes were utilized during the conceptual design phase of the PSS design. To support further development in the area of value co-creation, the Future Innovation Framework (FIF) is proposed as a mechanism to facilitate the adoption and use of value co-creation of PSS design. This thesis discusses the implications, opportunities, and challenges of the FIF for industrial PSS design. The thesis concludes with a discussion on the possibility of using value co-creation for PSS design in different industry domains in the future.
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Austeng, Dordi, et al.
(författare)
-
Incidence of and risk factors for neonatal morbidity after active perinatal care : extremely preterm infants study in Sweden (EXPRESS)
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : Wiley. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 99:7, s. 978-992
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of neonatal morbidity in extremely preterm infants and to identify associated risk factors. Methods: Population based study of infants born before 27 gestational weeks and admitted for neonatal intensive care in Sweden during 2004-2007. Results: Of 638 admitted infants, 141 died. Among these, life support was withdrawn in 55 infants because of anticipation of poor long-term outcome. Of 497 surviving infants, 10% developed severe intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH), 5.7% cystic periventricular leucomalacia (cPVL), 41% septicaemia and 5.8% necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC); 61% had patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and 34% developed retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) stage >= 3. Eighty-five per cent needed mechanical ventilation and 25% developed severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Forty-seven per cent survived to one year of age without any severe IVH, cPVL, severe ROP, severe BPD or NEC. Tocolysis increased and prolonged mechanical ventilation decreased the chances of survival without these morbidities. Maternal smoking and higher gestational duration were associated with lower risk of severe ROP, whereas PDA and poor growth increased this risk. Conclusion: Half of the infants surviving extremely preterm birth suffered from severe neonatal morbidities. Studies on how to reduce these morbidities and on the long-term health of survivors are warranted.
|
|
| 4. |
- Carlén, Margareta, et al.
(författare)
-
Nya former av samverkan : I vems intresse? En studie av utbildning, strategier och viljan att förändra i byggbranschen
- 2009
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Vuxenutbildning, kompetensutveckling och livslångt lärande beskrivs ofta i dag som en förutsättning för att hänga med i dagens och framförallt morgondagens samhälle. Det beskrivs även som en tillväxtmotor för att det egna landet ska kunna stå sig i den internationella konkurrensen (Dale,1997). Den som inte tar ansvar för det livslånga, livsvida eller livsdjupa lärandet (kärt barn har många namn) riskerar att marginaliseras eller hamna hjälplöst efter. För att undvika detta gäller det att få med alla, inte minst de som blivit förfördelade sedan tidigare. Då handlar det om LO-kollektivet i allmänhet och Byggnads medlemmar i synnerhet. Det var just byggnadsarbetarna som var den grupp som var svårast att rekrytera till Kunskapslyftet (Lander, R. & Larsson, M, 1999; SOU, 2000:28) trots att det rådde en extremt hög arbetslöshet i branschen under den tid som den stora vuxenutbildningssatsningen pågick. Här kommer vi att rikta fokus på utbildningar som flera av denna svårrekryterade grupp faktiskt deltar i – de fackliga utbildningarna. Dessa har en tydlig koppling till arbetslivet, men syftet är inte i första hand att främja den ekonomiska tillväxten, utan att deltagarna ska rusta sig för att företräda sina arbetskamrater för ett demokratiskt och hållbart arbetsliv.
|
|
| 5. |
- Johansson, Kent
(författare)
-
Child Mortality during the Demographic Transition. A Longitudinal Analysis of a Rural Population in Southern Sweden, 1766-1894
- 2004
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The great decline in mortality has had a vital impact on our societies. Life expectancy has more than doubled in the past 200 years, but no acceptable explanation has yet been given for the earlier part of the decline in mortality, even though it has attracted a very broad interdisciplinary interest. When carefully examined, many of the stated explanations, such as better hygiene, more food, and improved medical technology, are acceptable for later stages of the general mortality decline but only the lower virulence and/or improved immunity explanation is plausible for the earlier stages. Most of the decline before 1900 was in infant and child mortality, and this study concerns child mortality during the demographic transition. Since conditions in very early life have been shown to have affected later life mortality in adult ages during this period, this study considers the possibility that child mortality in this period may also have been affected by conditions in very early life. The theoretical grounds for such effects are discussed, for example the Barker hypothesis, and it is concluded that there may be several links between conditions in very early life and health in later life; both for adults and children. A theoretical child mortality model is derived and then operationalised into an empirical model for the investigation of possible determinants of child mortality. These are current and lagged nutrition, socio-economic status, family-belonging, sex, maternal age at birth, and parish. Several links from conditions in very early life to childhood are included: foetal stage and infancy disease load, foetal stage and infancy nutrition intake, and birth season. Mortality for the age group 1 to 14 in four Scanian rural populations for the period 1766 to 1894 is analysed by means of a multivariate hazard regression model with family-based frailty. A three-period subdivision of this model accounts for enclosures, land partitionings, and industrialisation, making it possible to compare how the transition from one type of society to another affected child mortality. The empirical analysis shows that there were some differences in child mortality due to socio-economic conditions in the first sub-period (1766-1814), and that differences increased over time and culminated in the last sub-period (1865-1894). It also shows that if maternal age at birth of child was 35 or higher, the risk of mortality increased by about 30%. Further, there was an effect of family-belonging which increased by about 70% from the first sub-period to the second sub-period, and then remained at the same level. Both current and lagged current nutrition intakes seem to have affected child mortality. The estimates also show that conditions very early in life influenced mortality in childhood: children with a high disease load during the foetal stage and infancy experienced increased mortality risk by up to 200%. There are few signs of an effect of constrained nutrition in early life when measured with food price, but there are nutritional effects via birth season that indicates a link between low nutrition in early life and higher mortality risk in childhood.
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
