| 1. |
- Moreno, Maiara, 1993-, et al.
(författare)
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Strain and phase evolution in TiAlN coatings during high-speed metal cutting : An in operando high-energy x-ray diffraction study
- 2024
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Ingår i: Acta Materialia. - : Elsevier. - 1359-6454 .- 1873-2453. ; 263
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report on phase and strain changes in Ti1-xAlxN (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.61) coatings on cutting tools during turning recorded in operando by high-energy x-ray diffractometry. Orthogonal cutting of AISI 4140 steel was performed with cutting speeds of 360–370 m/min. Four positions along the tool rake face were investigated as a function of time in cut. Formation of γ-Fe in the chip reveals that the temperature exceeds 727 °C between the tool edge and the middle of the contact area when the feed rate is 0.06 mm/rev. Spinodal decomposition and formation of wurtzite AlN occurs at the positions of the tool with the highest temperature for the x ≥ 0.48 coatings. The strain evolution in the chip reveals that the mechanical stress is largest closest to the tool edge and that it decreases with time in cut for all analyzed positions on the rake face. The strain evolution in the coating varies between coatings and position on the rake face of the tool and is affected by thermal stress as well as the applied mechanical stress. Amongst others, the strain evolution is influenced by defect annihilation and, for the coatings with highest Al-content (x ≥ 0.48), phase changes.
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| 2. |
- Pamp, Karolina, et al.
(författare)
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Omvärldsanalys MaaS/kombinerad mobilitet
- 2024
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Ingår i: Sammanställning av referat från Transportforum 2024. - Linköping : Statens väg- och transportforskningsinstitut. ; , s. 469-470
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS) är en typ av tjänst som genom en gemensam digital kanal gör det möjligt för användare att planera, boka och betala för flera typer av mobilitetstjänster. Det finns en flora av MaaS-piloter som har testats i olika länder under de senaste 5-6 åren men ännu har konceptet inte slagit igenom bland befolkningen. Denna analys beskriver på vilket sätt omvärldshändelser har påverkat initiativen som rör nya kombinerade mobilitetstjänster och vilka utmaningar och möjligheter som framkommit i olika piloter som har genomförts eller pågår i olika delar av världen. Globala drivkrafter som digitalisering, krav på ökad hållbarhet, individualisering av livsstilar och globalisering/urbanisering har påverkats i olika riktningar av de senaste årens omvärldshändelser. Människors resvanor påverkades starkt av pandemin med minskat resande med kollektivtrafik. MaaS-piloter har påverkats negativt av pandemin, det osäkra geopolitiska läget och en försämrad konjunktur. Trots detta finns intresse för att fortsätta initiativ med nya mobilitetstjänster och många lärdomar kan dras från de MaaS-piloter som har genomförts runt världen i olika omfattning och utformning. Gemensamt för de olika initiativen är att de ofta hamnar i en skärningspunkt mellan det privata näringslivet och den offentliga sektorn. Fortfarande finns det ett behov av mer samverkan mellan det offentliga och privata, att på djupet förstå kundens behov och drivkrafter samt att hitta en sund och långsiktig affärsmodell för dessa tjänster. Den möjliga potentialen för MaaS/Kombinerad mobilitet har ännu inte kunnat realiseras och utmaningarna har varit större än många aktörer i olika pilotprojekt förväntade sig. Det är en komplex verksamhet och många åtgärder som behöver genomföras såsom digitala gränssnitt, mobilitetspaket, bytespunkter, marknadsföring, kundservice och nätverksamverkan etc. Data från genomförda piloter har varit bristfälliga och inga signifikanta långsiktiga beteendeförändringar har hittills kunnat påvisas. Samtidigt är det ännu inget projekt i världen som har genomfört ett geografiskt storskaligt och långsiktigt försök av kombinerad mobilitet som omfattar alla de delar som behöver ingå för att bli framgångsrikt enligt de analyser som framkommit i Maas-piloterna. För att kunna besvara frågan om MaaS/Kombinerad mobilitet är en väg framåt mot förändrat resebeteende eller inte finns det behov av att någon aktör/nätverk av aktörer, vågar ta risken att genomföra ett sådant projekt även om det skulle visa sig olönsamt och att resultaten blir annorlunda än man hoppas.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Pezzana, Lorenzo, et al.
(författare)
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Multiple approaches to exploit ferulic acid bio-based epoxy monomer for green thermoset
- 2024
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Ingår i: Industrial crops and products (Print). - : Elsevier BV. - 0926-6690 .- 1872-633X. ; 212
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bio-based monomers are under investigation to replace fossil-based materials due to the concerns regarding climate change and depletion of fossil raw materials. Lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose represent the main interesting platform to use for developing new monomers due to their significant abundance. Ferulic acid is one of the moieties derived from lignin which can be suitable for many applications. In this study, the ferulic acid was epoxidated and it was investigated in cationic UV-curing. Due to the limited performance obtained during UV-curing, two alternative strategies were developed to overcome the initial problem of poor material properties. A thiol-ene epoxy system based on the ferulic epoxy derivative and a commercially available thiol as well as a thermally cured system based on pure cationic curing of ferulic acid diepoxy were chosen as alternative methods. The different curing processes were thoroughly investigated by means of FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) and photo-DSC (differential scanning calorimetry). The thermo-mechanical properties of the thermosets employing DMA- (dynamic mechanical analysis) and tensile analysis were deeply evaluated. Finally, the possibility to use the best cured system as an adhesive was raised investigating the shear strength of metallic and composite joined samples using the single lap offset (SLO) test under compression.
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| 5. |
- Pinchuk, Nataliia, et al.
(författare)
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INFLUENCE OF DEPOSITION CONDITIONS ON MICROSTRUCTURE AND TEXTURE OF Ti1-XAlXN PVD COATINGS
- 2024
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Ingår i: NANOCON Conference Proceedings - International Conference on Nanomaterials. - : TANGER Ltd.. - 9788088365150 ; , s. 112-117
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study is focused on how the application of pulsed substrate bias during cathodic arc deposition affects the microstructure, texture, grain size and phase composition of (Ti,Al)N coatings. A series of Tix-1AlxN, 0.25≤x≤0.55 coatings were deposited on WC-Co cemented carbide substrates with -30 V, -60 V and -300 V pulsing bias (duty cycle 10 % and a frequence of 1 kHz) under controlled chamber conditions at 4.5 Pa N2-gas and a substrate temperature about 400 °C. The pulsing parameters for the bias (voltage, duty cycle and frequency) were deliberately selected to influence structure, microstructure and composition of the deposited coatings. All Tix-1AlxN coatings had a consistent columnar cubic B1 structure regardless of their chemical composition. Coatings grown at -30 V and -60 V pulsed bias exhibited a pronounced <111> texture attributed to a kinetically driven mechanism influenced by the relative flux of ion species, affecting the surface migration of adatoms during growth. In contrast, the coatings grown with a pulsed bias of -300 V exhibited a reduced <111> texture and the onset of grains with <100> preferred orientation. The transition to the <100> orientation with increased ion energy agrees with the fact that the <111> directions expose the densest array of atoms to the ion beam during growth while the <100> are the most open channeling directions in a B1 structure. The correlation to the preferred with respect to pulsing conditions during growth, correlated to microstructure, grain size and phase composition be further discussed. Surface roughness was highest (Sa≈0.17-0.22 µm) for coating deposited at pulsed bias -30 V.
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| 6. |
- Sagar, Rachel L, et al.
(författare)
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An exploratory open-label multicentre phase I/II trial evaluating the safety and efficacy of postnatal or prenatal and postnatal administration of allogeneic expanded fetal mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of severe osteogenesis imperfecta in infants and fetuses: the BOOSTB4 trial protocol
- 2024
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Ingår i: BMJ Open. - 2044-6055. ; 14:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction Severe osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a debilitating disease with no cure or sufficiently effective treatment. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have good safety profile, show promising effects and can form bone. The Boost Brittle Bones Before Birth (BOOSTB4) trial evaluates administration of allogeneic expanded human first trimester fetal liver MSCs (BOOST cells) for OI type 3 or severe type 4.Methods and analysis BOOSTB4 is an exploratory, open-label, multiple dose, phase I/II clinical trial evaluating safety and efficacy of postnatal (n=15) or prenatal and postnatal (n=3, originally n=15) administration of BOOST cells for the treatment of severe OI compared with a combination of historical (1–5/subject) and untreated prospective controls (≤30). Infants<18 months of age (originally<12 months) and singleton pregnant women whose fetus has severe OI with confirmed glycine substitution in COL1A1 or COL1A2 can be included in the trial.Each subject receives four intravenous doses of 3×106/kg BOOST cells at 4 month intervals, with 48 (doses 1–2) or 24 (doses 3–4) hours in-patient follow-up, primary follow-up at 6 and 12 months after the last dose and long-term follow-up yearly until 10 years after the first dose. Prenatal subjects receive the first dose via ultrasound-guided injection into the umbilical vein within the fetal liver (16+0 to 35+6 weeks), and three doses postnatally.The primary outcome measures are safety and tolerability of repeated BOOST cell administration. The secondary outcome measures are number of fractures from baseline to primary and long-term follow-up, growth, change in bone mineral density, clinical OI status and biochemical bone turnover.Ethics and dissemination The trial is approved by Competent Authorities in Sweden, the UK and the Netherlands (postnatal only). Results from the trial will be disseminated via CTIS, ClinicalTrials.gov and in scientific open-access scientific journals.Trial registration numbers EudraCT 2015-003699-60, EUCT: 2023-504593-38-00, NCT03706482.
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| 7. |
- Sultan, Farook Abdullah, 1991, et al.
(författare)
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Efficiency Assessment in Automated Loading and Unloading of Autonomous Trucks and its Implications for the Wider Transportation System
- 2024
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Introduktion The transport sector has witnessed significant changes with the adoption of electrification and automation. One such change has been the implementation of autonomous trucks. Despite being a solution to tackle existing sector challenges, the attention paid to the potential for automating loading and unloading (LUL) of autonomous trucks at various nodes in the system such as warehouses, terminals and loading docks has been limited. The LUL process serves as a crucial interface between the autonomous trucks and nodes and the impact of this interface on a wider system level remains insufficiently explored. Existing literature predominantly concentrates on evaluating the performance of individual components of automated systems, such as autonomous transport or automated LUL. Drawing from observations gathered during a test run within an ongoing research and development project, this study assesses the performance potential for automating LUL operations using an AGV handling standard pallets with self-driving trucks. The system context considered encompasses operations from factory loading docks to warehouse receiving points, all located within a confined area. Metod The study is based on research using a mixed method case study. The case is a part of a project involving a major manufacturing company and its automated LUL operations and autonomous transport. The case team consists of experts in transport, cargo securing, and materials handling. The study uses both quantitative data for capturing performance values and qualitative data for understanding the influence of interfaces on the overall system. Resultat Results from the test run comprise the assessment of performance potential in terms of time efficiency, cost, and safety, of automated LUL operation together with autonomous trucks. The result also comprises identifying the necessities of the LUL system considering its connections to the wider system involving autonomous truck and the upstream/downstream material flow system. Outcomes indicate that efficiency alone may not justify the implementation of LUL automation, but it may be motivated if resulting values in the wider transport system can be exploited. This leads to a discussion on potential benefits in the wider system and the prerequisites that need to be at place to realize such benefits. Slutsats Automating LUL has the potential for benefits when implemented together with the introduction of autonomous trucks. However, there are major challenges, and the implementation path is far from smooth. The outcomes of this study details the complexities involved in the evaluation of automated LUL systems. Lessons from the study provide a foundation for the next steps in this field such as expanding the testing outside the factory gates.
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| 8. |
- Sultan, Farook Abdullah, et al.
(författare)
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Efficiency assessment in automated loading and unloading of autonomous trucks and its implications for the wider transportation system
- 2024
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Ingår i: Sammanställning av referat från Transportforum 2024. - Linköping : Statens väg- och transportforskningsinstitut. ; , s. 384-384
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The transport sector has witnessed significant changes with the adoption of electrification and automation. One such change has been the implementation of autonomous trucks. Despite being a solution to tackle existing sector challenges, the attention paid to the potential for automating loading and unloading (LUL) of autonomous trucks at various nodes in the system such as warehouses, terminals and loading docks has been limited. The LUL process serves as a crucial interface between the autonomous trucks and nodes and the impact of this interface on a wider system level remains insufficiently explored. Existing literature predominantly concentrates on evaluating the performance of individual components of automated systems, such as autonomous transport or automated LUL. Drawing from observations gathered during a test run within an ongoing research and development project, this study assesses the performance potential for automating LUL operations using an AGV handling standard pallets with self-driving trucks. The system context considered encompasses operations from factory loading docks to warehouse receiving points, all located within a confined area. The study is based on research using a mixed method case study. The case is a part of a project involving a major manufacturing company and its automated LUL operations and autonomous transport. The case team consists of experts in transport, cargo securing, and materials handling. The study uses both quantitative data for capturing performance values and qualitative data for understanding the influence of interfaces on the overall system. Results from the test run comprise the assessment of performance potential in terms of time efficiency, cost, and safety, of automated LUL operation together with autonomous trucks. The result also comprises identifying the necessities of the LUL system considering its connections to the wider system involving autonomous truck and the upstream/downstream material flow system. Outcomes indicate that efficiency alone may not justify the implementation of LUL automation, but it may be motivated if resulting values in the wider transport system can be exploited. This leads to a discussion on potential benefits in the wider system and the prerequisites that need to be at place to realize such benefits.
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| 9. |
- Zenkert, Dan, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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Multifunctional carbon fibre composites using electrochemistry
- 2024
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Ingår i: Composites Part B. - : Elsevier BV. - 1359-8368 .- 1879-1069. ; 273
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Most products today have several functions, but these are achieved by integrating different monofunctional devices and/or materials in a system. Having several functions simultaneously in one single material has many potential advantages, such as a structural material that can also store energy, have self-sensing or self-healing capability or any other physical function. This would lead mass and resource savings, being more energy efficient and thus more sustainable. This paper presents a mini review on how carbon fibres can be used for integrating several functions simultaneously in a high-performance load carrying structural material using the electrical and electrochemical properties of carbon fibres. Through this carbon fibre composites can also store energy like a lithium-ion battery, be used as a strain sensor, have electrically controlled actuation and shape-morphing, and be used as an energy harvester.
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| 10. |
- Zenkert, Dan, et al.
(författare)
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Multifunctional carbon fibre composites using electrochemistry – A mini review
- 2024
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Ingår i: Composites Part B: Engineering. - 1359-8368. ; 273
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Most products today have several functions, but these are achieved by integrating different monofunctional devices and/or materials in a system. Having several functions simultaneously in one single material has many potential advantages, such as a structural material that can also store energy, have self-sensing or self-healing capability or any other physical function. This would lead mass and resource savings, being more energy efficient and thus more sustainable. This paper presents a mini review on how carbon fibres can be used for integrating several functions simultaneously in a high-performance load carrying structural material using the electrical and electrochemical properties of carbon fibres. Through this carbon fibre composites can also store energy like a lithium-ion battery, be used as a strain sensor, have electrically controlled actuation and shapemorphing, and be used as an energy harvester.
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