| 1. |
- Ekberg, Olle, et al.
(författare)
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In memoriam Prof. Erik Boijsen
- 2018
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Ingår i: European Radiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0938-7994 .- 1432-1084. ; 28:4, s. 1788-1789
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 2. |
- Högberg, Ulf, 1949-, et al.
(författare)
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Infant abuse diagnosis associated with abusive head trauma criteria : incidence increase due to overdiagnosis?
- 2018
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Ingår i: European Journal of Public Health. - : OXFORD UNIV PRESS. - 1101-1262 .- 1464-360X. ; 28:4, s. 641-646
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The hypothesis of this study is that the diagnosis of infant abuse is associated with criteria for shaken baby syndrome (SBS)/abusive head trauma (AHT), and that that changes in incidence of abuse diagnosis in infants may be due to increased awareness of SBS/AHT criteria.Methods: This was a population-based register study. Setting: Register study using the Swedish Patient Register, Medical Birth Register, and Cause of Death Register. The diagnosis of infant abuse was based on the International Classification of Diseases, 9th and 10th revision. Participants: All children born in Sweden during 1987-2014 with a follow-up until 1 year of age (N = 2 868 933). SBS/AHT criteria: subdural haemorrhage, cerebral contusion, skull fracture, convulsions, retinal haemorrhage, fractures rib and long bones. Outcomes: Incidence, rate ratios, aetiologic fractions and Probit regression analysis.Results: Diagnosis of infant abuse was strongly associated with SBS/AHT criteria, but not risk exposure as region, foreign-born mother, being born preterm, multiple birth and small for gestational age. The incidence of infant abuse has increased tenfold in Sweden since the 1990s and has doubled since 2008, from 12.0 per 100 000 infants during 1997-2007 to 26.5/100 000 during 2008-2014, with pronounced regional disparities.Conclusions: Diagnosis of infant abuse is related to SBS/AHT criteria. The increase in incidence coincides with increased medical preparedness to make a diagnosis of SBS/AHT. Hidden statistics and a real increase in abuse are less plausible. Whether the increase is due to overdiagnosis cannot be answered with certainty, but the possibility raises ethical and medico-legal concerns.
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| 3. |
- Annertz, Mårten, et al.
(författare)
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Ländryggsröntgen ger falsk säkerhet och ringa nytta för patienten : MRT och DT ger bättre och billigare resultat
- 2017
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205. ; 114:46, s. 1962-1962
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In 2016 140 000 lumbar spine radiographies were performed in Sweden (14 000 per million inhabitants) to a cost of about 85 million SEK (≈8.5 million Euro) and a negligible value for the patients with low back pain. In the work-up of low back pain, when imaging is indicated, lumbar spine radiography should be replaced by limited magnetic resonance imaging including a whole lower body coronal STIR sequence or computed tomography with radiation dose adapted to indication and patient age. Indication for imaging should be restricted to 1) low back pain with more than 3-4 weeks duration in combination with at least one »red flag«, 2) radicular pain without improvement on conservative treatment, or 3) low back pain with more than 8 weeks duration in combination with »yellow flags«.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Nyman, Ulf, et al.
(författare)
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Obituary for Prof. Torsten Almén.
- 2016
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Ingår i: Acta radiologica (Stockholm, Sweden : 1987). - : SAGE Publications. - 1600-0455 .- 0284-1851. ; 57:4, s. 387-388
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Nyman, Ulf, et al.
(författare)
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Torsten Almén (1931-2016) : The father of non-ionic iodine contrast media
- 2016
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Ingår i: Acta Radiologica. - : SAGE Publications. - 0284-1851 .- 1600-0455. ; 57:9, s. 1072-1078
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Swedish radiologist Torsten Almén is the first clinical radiologist ever to have made a fundamental contribution to intravascular contrast medium design, the development of non-ionic contrast media. He became emotionally triggered by the patients' severe pain each time he injected the ionic "high-osmolar" contrast media when performing peripheral arteriographies in the early 1960s. One day he got a flash of genius that combined the observation of pain, a pathophysiological theory and how to eliminate it with suitable contrast media chemistry. After self-studies in chemistry he developed the concept of iodine contrast media not dissociating into ions in solution to reduce their osmolality and even reach plasma isotonicity. He offered several pharmaceutical companies his concept of mono- and polymeric non-ionic agents but without response, since it was considered against the chemical laws of that time. Contrast media constructed as salts and dissociating into ions in solution was regarded an absolute necessity to achieve high enough water solubility and concentration for diagnostic purposes. Finally a small Norwegian company, Nyegaard & Co., took up his idea 1968 and together they developed the essentially painless "low-osmolar" monomeric non-ionic metrizamide (Amipaque) released in 1974 and iohexol (Omipaque) in 1982 followed by the "iso-osmolar" dimeric non-ionic iodixanol (Visipaque) released in 1993. This has implied a profound paradigm shift with regard to reduction of both hypertonic and chemotoxic side effects, which have been a prerequisite for the today's widespread use of contrast medium-enhanced CT and advanced endovascular interventional techniques even in fragile patients.
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| 8. |
- Barrefelt, Asa, et al.
(författare)
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Fluorescence labeled microbubbles for multimodal imaging
- 2015
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Ingår i: Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications - BBRC. - : Elsevier BV. - 0006-291X .- 1090-2104. ; 464:3, s. 737-742
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Air-filled polyvinyl alcohol microbubbles (PVA-MBs) were recently introduced as a contrast agent for ultrasound imaging. In the present study, we explore the possibility of extending their application in multimodal imaging by labeling them with a near infrared (NIR) fluorophore, VivoTag-680. PVA-MBs were injected intravenously into FVB/N female mice and their dynamic biodistribution over 24 h was determined by 3D-fluorescence imaging co-registered with 3D-mu CT imaging, to verify the anatomic location. To further confirm the biodistribution results from in vivo imaging, organs were removed and examined histologically using bright field and fluorescence microscopy. Fluorescence imaging detected PVA-MB accumulation in the lungs within the first 30 min post-injection. Redistribution to a low extent was observed in liver and kidneys at 4 h, and to a high extent mainly in the liver and spleen at 24 h. Histology confirmed PVA-MB localization in lung capillaries and macrophages. In the liver, they were associated with Kupffer cells; in the spleen, they were located mostly within the marginal-zone. Occasional MBs were observed in the kidney glomeruli and interstitium. The potential application of PVA-MBs as a contrast agent was also studied using ultrasound (US) imaging in subcutaneous and orthotopic pancreatic cancer mouse models, to visualize blood flow within the tumor mass. In conclusion, this study showed that PVA-MBs are useful as a contrast agent for multimodal imaging. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 9. |
- Jadidi, M, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of a new system for chest tomosynthesis : aspects of image quality of different protocols determined using an anthropomorphic phantom.
- 2015
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Ingår i: British Journal of Radiology. - : British Institute of Radiology. - 0007-1285 .- 1748-880X. ; 88:1053, s. 20150057-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To compare the image quality obtained with the different protocols in a new chest digital tomosynthesis (DTS) system.METHODS: A chest phantom was imaged with chest X-ray equipment with DTS. 10 protocols were used, and for each protocol, nine acquisitions were performed. Four observers visually rated the quality of the reconstructed section images according to pre-defined quality criteria in four different classes. The data were analysed with visual grading characteristics (VGC) analysis, using the vendor-recommended protocol [12-s acquisition time, source-to-image distance (SID) 180 cm] as reference, and the area under the VGC curve (AUCVGC) was determined for each protocol and class of criteria.RESULTS: Protocols with a smaller swing angle resulted in a lower image quality for the classes of criteria "disturbance" and "homogeneity in nodule" but a higher image quality for the class "structure". The class "demarcation" showed little dependency on the swing angle. All protocols but one (6.3 s, SID 130 cm) obtained an AUCVGC significantly <0.5 (indicating lower quality than reference) for at least one class of criteria.CONCLUSION: The study indicates that the DTS protocol with 6.3 s yields image quality similar to that obtained with the vendor-recommended protocol (12 s) but with the clinically important advantage for patients with respiratory impairment of a shorter acquisition time.ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE: The study demonstrates that the image quality may be strongly affected by the choice of protocol and that the vendor-recommended protocol may not be optimal.
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