| 1. |
- Berg, Jan
(författare)
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Systematic evaluation of perceived spatial quality in surround sound systems
- 2002
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of this thesis is to elaborate a method for the evaluation of perceived spatial quality in surround systems with emphasis on how to find and validate relevant attribute scales originating from verbal elicitation of personal constructs. The main question raised in this work was: Could a method utilising elicited personal constructs be used for finding a set of attributes with sufficient common meaning, thus enabling a group of experienced listeners to make significant judgements of spatial quality in surround sound systems? To investigate this, a method comprising a number of steps was employed. Initially, an elicitation experiment employing elements of the Repertory Grid Technique was performed. In the experiment, verbal data in the form of personal constructs were elicited from experienced listeners considering sounds reproduced through loudspeakers. Each listener rated the sounds on his/her personal constructs. The ratings and the constructs were structured by means of multivariate techniques and Verbal Protocol Analysis to find principal structures in the data set. These structures were examined for their meaning and they were subsequently used for deriving attributes on which scales were defined. The scales were verified in a validation experiment where a new group of experienced listeners considered a number of sound stimuli, which were rated on the attribute scales. The ratings were analysed for statistically significant differences between the stimuli. A new experiment was performed using a 5-channel surround sound system, on a new set of stimuli, in which refined attributes from the previous experiment supplemented by attributes from a new elicitation were utilised. The results showed that Personal constructs could be elicited from listeners in the context of reproduced audio A common perceptual pattern existed, expressed as attributes A list of attributes could be successfully derived Attribute scales derived from personal constructs enabled a group of listeners to make statistically significant judgements of spatial quality on reproduced sounds. It is concluded that a method utilising elicited personal constructs can be used for finding a set of attributes with sufficient common meaning, thus enabling a group of experienced listeners to make significant judgements of spatial quality in surround sound systems.
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| 2. |
- Johansson, KG
(författare)
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Can you hear what they´re playing? : a study of strategies among ear players in rock music
- 2002
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to describe and explain strategies used by ear players to hear and play chord progressions when playing unfamiliar rock songs. To this end, three rock songs were written and recorded especially for the study. One song was designed to be very easy to play for experienced rock musicians, using three chords, combined in standard patterns. The second song was written to be a little more difficult, containing some unusual chord progressions; and the third song used chords and chord progressions that are very seldom heard in rock music. To find possible differences between instruments, and between players with formal education and players without such education, the six informants were one bass player, one keyboard player and one guitar player with formal education, and one bass player, one keyboard player and one guitar player without such education. In a combined test and interview, the informants one by one played to the three songs at first listening, without having heard the songs before and without knowing anything about the songs except which keys they were in. The informants´ playing was recorded on video and audio tape. Immediately after playing the songs, the informants watched the video tape and commented on their own playing... (cont.)
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