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- Hansen, Fredrik
(author)
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Åkeriägaren, hastigheten och den ekonomiska beslutssituationen
- 2009
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Vägverkets hastighetsmätningar visar att lastbilstrafiken kör för fort. I denna rapport analyseras denna problematik med fokus på åkeriägaren och dennes ekonomiska beslutssituation. I den teoretiska ansatsen inhämtas resultat från beteendeekonomin, en ny inriktning inom nationalekonomi som rönt stor popularitet. Den empiriska delen rapporterar från intervjuer med åtta åkeriägare. Även lämpliga frågor för en eventuellt kommande enkät redovisas.Till att börja med rapporterar vi från de hastighetsmätningar som Vägverket och NTF gjort den senaste tiden. Vi tittar även på de informationskampanjer som nyligen varit. Även den svenska åkerinäringen presenteras kort eftersom åkeriägaren är långt ifrån en homogen grupp. Semistrukturerade intervjuer utfördes med åtta åkeriägare verksamma i olika branscher och i olika delar av Sverige. Deltagarna fick svara på frågor kring hur de såg på dagens marknad, Vägverkets information om ekonomiska förtjänster att hålla hastigheten, varför det körs för fort, hur man fattade ekonomiska beslut samt kontraktets funktion.Resultaten från intervjuerna är att deltagarna är medvetna och håller med om det ekonomiska motivet att hålla 80 km/h. Dock verkar det finns en toleransnivå bland de flesta och detta ända upp till 85 km/h. Detta tillsammans med vilka tidsmarginaler åkeriägare har i sin planering bör undersökas närmare. Nästan alla deltagare hade fordonsdatorer eller funderade på att skaffa och såg inga problem att kontrollera sina chaufförer. Dock kan man enbart kontrollera överhastigheter över 80 km/h. Bränslepriset sågs inte som ett nämnvärt problem eftersom ett högt bränslepris drabbade konsumenten till sist.Rapporten föreslår även att vidare studier bör utföras kring både hur den digitala färdskrivaren och marknadsstrukturen som svenska åkerier möter kan påverka trafiksäkerheten. Dessutom föreslås att Vägverkets hastighetsmätningar blir mer specifik, liknande de som NTF gjort, för att göra det möjligt med mer riktade informationskampanjer i framtiden Rapporten är framtagen med ekonomiska bidrag från Vägverkets Skyltfond.
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| 2. |
- Kullberg, Christian, Professor, 1957-, et al.
(author)
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Förståelse, bedömningar och hjälpinsatser : Socialarbetares arbete med män som våldsoffer
- 2015
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This report outlines the background to, and presents the results from the Crime Victim Compensation and Support Authority funded project "Social Workers' understanding of men as victims of crime". The project aimed at describing and analyzing how social workers understand and work with male victims of violence. More precisely, the research has focused on how social workers describe men's vulnerability and how they understand men's needs for assistance, what assistance that is provided and the way the constellations of perpetrators and victims of different gender and contexts in which the violence occurs in affect the understanding of male victims of violence. The study has also been devoted to the question of whether the Support Centers for young crime victims in Sweden provide different types of and different amount of help to young men and women afflicted of violence. The project was conducted in three substudies.The results from substudy 1 show that more young men than women seek support from the Support centers studied. Men predominate in number of cases and in the different categories of crime. The results also show that young men on average receive less assistance over a shorter average duration than young women. This applies irrespective of the category of offense that the vulnerability applies to. Furthermore, the young men, compared to the women, proportionally receive fewer interventions characterized as support and a greater proportion of interventions in the form of information. The results also show that the young men are referred on for further action to a lesser extent than is the case for women.The results from substudy 2 show that social workers tend to focus on whether, and to what extent, young men who are victims of violence themselves have behaved provocatively before the violence incident and if they have put themselves in a social situation that could be interpreted as having contributed to an escalation of the violence they have been subjected to. The results from substudy 2 also show that social workers talk about the men as active in the violent situations they have been involved in and dwell on the extent to which the young men's own actions have contributed to the violence. The results also show that young men who are victims of violence are described as "reluctant" victims who are trying to cope with their situation on their own without the involvement of professional or other helper. The young men are also described as reluctant to talk about their feelings.The results of substudy 3 show that social workers believe that young men, when they become victims of violence, risks losing their sense of autonomy, initiative and decisiveness, that is, attributes that are often linked to the dominating cultural image of masculinity. Furthermore, the results show that social workers estimate that men's practicing of their masculinity, but also the response that men who are traumatized get from society, creates difficulties for them to get help. The results from substudy 3 also shows that attributes and actions that can be connected to the masculinity of young men's, as well as a lack of such attributes and actions are considered to be adequate explanations for the violence the men has suffered. When it comes to violence in public places it is the masculinity that explains the violence and its escalation. When it comes to domestic violence it is the lack of expected male attributes and actions that are used as explanations for the violence that have occurred.The discussion is devoted to the question of how the results should be understood based on the concepts of self-performance, interpretation, negotiation and categorizations, and the consequences the results obtained should have for gender sensitive social work given to abused men.
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