| 1. |
- Askander, Mikael
(författare)
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Modernitet och intermedialitet i Erik Asklunds tidiga romankonst
- 2003
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Modernitet och intermedialitet is the first major study of the Swedish modernist writer Erik Asklund (1908-1980) and his works. The thesis consists of an introductory chapter and three close readings of Asklund’s early novels Kvinnan är stor (The Woman is Great, 1931), Lilla land (A Small Country, 1933), and Fanfar med fem trumpeter (A Fanfare with Five Trumpets, 1934). In these novels, Asklund depicts modernity in Sweden in the 1930’s. Exploring the modernity of the 1930’s in Asklund’s novels, especially the contemporary media situation turns out to be one of the most important aspects. Asklund wrote stories about film, music and various forms of visual culture, (photography, for instance). These different forms of art and media play an important role for Asklund’s writings, not only thematically, but also narationally. In my analyses, I put forward different theoretical aspects of intermediality. In this context, the ideas of Werner Wolf have been especially useful to my examinations of the intermedial aspects in Asklund’s works. In the novel Kvinnan är stor, Asklund tells the story about the young woman Lydia, who moves from the countryside to the big city of Stockholm. She then learns to decode the modern urban society, and becomes a modern woman. In Kvinnan är stor, intermediality is expressed mainly through various connections to film and photography. The modernization of Sweden in the early 20th century was much a question of the countryside becoming modern. In Lilla land, Asklund depicts this process. The novel is one of the first works ever focusing the forming of the Swedish welfare state project. The story is told in a cinematic or filmical way. The third novel to be analysed in the thesis is Fanfar med fem trumpeter. This is one of the first Swedish jazz novels. Asklund tells the story about five young unemployed men in Stockholm who form a jazz orchestra, and make a career. The novels characters experience everyday life as “medialized”; they compare reality with music, film, and photography. These novels, as well as all Asklund’s writings from the 1930’s, are important contributions to the “story about Sweden becoming a modern country”. This “story” consists of the novels, short stories and poems written in the early decades of the 20th century in Sweden.
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| 2. |
- Croona, Gill
(författare)
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Etik och utmaning. : Om lärande av bemötande i professionsutbildning
- 2003
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- During recent years there have been noticeable shortcomings in the human encounter of people seeking some form of health care in Sweden. This is something that affects professional education within ‘the welfare state’ and implies that human expectations, societal demands and questions about knowledge, basic values and competence have become pedagogically interesting. The basic aim of the dissertation is - to contribute to a practically, relevant and theoretical in-depth understanding of the learning and teaching of ethics in professional education. By taking nursing education as an example and focussing on the human encounter of the person seeking care, the dissertation aims - by analysis of the pedagogic practice and from a critical-theoretical perspective – to provide a foundation for such an understanding. The research perspective includes a social-philosophical point of departure with a focus on Mead’s interactional view of learning and Habermas’s critical theory of social communication. Methodologically an emphasis is placed on discourse analysis. The results demonstrate how the learning and teaching of ethics in human encounters can be understood as a question of communication of both knowledge and values. In the theoretical reconstruction that follows it is shown how pedagogic actions, learning and competence can be understood as communication of and in particular contextual discourses. The six discourses are: ‘the efficiency-related discourse’, ‘the expert-related discourse’, the ‘care-related discourse’, ‘the communicative-related discourse’, ‘the egocentric discourse’ and ‘the ethnocentric discourse’, all of which are mutually related to each other. The contextual discourses focus on different values. Those that are most conducive to creating pleasant human encounters are the communicative- and the care-related discourses, which also form the foundation for the pedagogic recommendation that makes up the concluding discussion of the dissertation. The recommendation concerns a pedagogical practice that affirms, pays attention to, safeguards and challenges and thus generates creativity, as well as the legitimacy of pluralism. To engage in stimulating pedagogical discussion means being committed, taking responsibility and practicing solidarity in the profession of education. Such a ‘deliberative pedagogy’ creates possibilities for people to develop solidarity of judgement in a society that increasingly demanding that. In conclusion, the recommendation for a new and challenging human encounter-ethical-pedagogy is intended to show that ‘ideals can be realistic’. Normative recommendations do not have to be abstract visions of the future, but can be looked upon as means of focussing on alternative actions, that despite the difficulties are possible to realise – here and now.
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| 3. |
- Plathner, Jean-Georges
(författare)
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La Variabilité du pronom de la troisième personne en complément prépositionnel pour exprimer le réfléchi
- 2003
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Variability in the use of a linguistic feature is bound to create problems for the acquisition of this feature. Perhaps even more so, where the acquisition of a foreign language is concerned. But native speakers may also be puzzled by the choice they have to make and may not always be able to rely on rules. The following investigation on the different ways both Swedish students and native speakers cope with the variation of French pronouns to express reflexivity and the translation of the Swedish reflexive pronoun sig into French confirms these statements and urges us not only to account for this variation but also to discuss the reasons. Even if the fact that there are more forms to choose from is enough to explain the variation, we would still want to put order into the language or at least know when to use which form. Do native speakers all vary the same way? Is it possible to regulate the distribution of the forms and do speakers respect the rules? Do foreign language students vary like native speakers? Can foreign language students get the hinge of the variations? The choice of contrasting French with Swedish, rather than another language, lies partly in the fact that they are the languages which are best known to me and partly in the fact that both languages exhibit a richer choice between pronouns in the context of reflexivity than, e.g., English. My first premise is necessary, considering that the choice depends largely on pragmatic factors, including psycho-logical aspects, where judgement and “feeling” should be fairly sound and the second fact allows me to draw interesting parallels both between the ways of analysing the variations and the ways of using them. Usage for its part is obviously determined by history. This led me to broaden my analysis of the synchronic data and to consider even some historical facts. Variability is also known to be a pervasive feature of second language acquisition and production, as can be read in all the major works on the topic. Then again, this “acquisitional” kind of variability is not specific to L2 acquisition, though in contrast to the studies of L1 acquisition it is a recurrent theme in L2 studies. Therefore this study will also take into account the variation in reflexive usage between native informants of different ages and raise the question whether there is a common ground for both Swedish and French learners and in what respect.
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| 4. |
- Wångmar, Erik
(författare)
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Från sockenkommun till storkommun : En analys av storkommunreformens genomförande 1939-1952 i en nationell och lokal kontext
- 2003
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The primary aim of this study is to provide a deeper and more complete understanding of why the great municipal amalgamation (storkommunreformen) during the 1940s became the political solution to the problem that the Government believed many of Sweden’s municipalities had in satisfactorily providing for a local welfare society. The study also describes the results of this large-scale reorganization process. The events examined include the political decision-making process at the national level that took place during 1939-1949, as well as the regional/local realization of these decisions during 1946-1952. The parliamentary treatment of the municipal division issue should be viewed as a good example of what researchers have termed a Swedish decision-making model. One clear manifestation of this was the fact that the national commission that investigated the question primarily formulated the principles for the reform. The committee’s proposal received strong endorsements in the reports from the reviewers of the proposal. The government authorities and many of the municipalities felt that a new division of municipalities was justified. Opposition that did occur came mostly from rural municipalities with small populations. Many of these municipalities believed that the present municipal divisions functioned well as they were. Of those municipalities that were affected by amalgamation, 39 percent of them did not agree with the decision. The majority of these could agree to merge with other municipalities, but not with the municipalities stipulated by the authorities. Considering the fact that the then current divisions were based on a long tradition, demands for retaining independence could have been greater. At the same time, it should be borne in mind that 66 percent of all larger municipalities were formed using some level of force. This still indicated a relatively widely distributed opposition to the amalgamation decisions, however.
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