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Sökning: L773:0021 9150 OR L773:1879 1484 > Umeå universitet

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1.
  • Eriksson, Jan, et al. (författare)
  • Postprandial regulation of blood lipids and adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase in type 2 diabetes patients and healthy control subjects
  • 2003
  • Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier. - 0021-9150 .- 1879-1484. ; 166:2, s. 359-367
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background/aim: In type 2 diabetes and other insulin-resistant conditions, postprandial hypertriglyceridaemia is an important metabolic perturbation. To further elucidate alterations in the clearance of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins in type 2 diabetes we focused on the nutritional regulation of adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase (LPL).Subjects and methods: Eight subjects with type 2 diabetes and eight age-, sex- and body mass index (BMI)-matched control subjects underwent subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue biopsies in the fasting state and 3.5 h following a standardized lipid-enriched meal. LPL activity and mass were measured in adipose tissue and also in plasma after an intravenous injection of heparin.Results: Postprandial, but not fasting, triglycerides were significantly higher in the diabetic subjects than in the control subjects (3.0±0.4 vs 2.0±0.2 mmol/l, P=0.028). Adipose tissue LPL activity was increased following the meal test by ∼35–55% (P=0.021 and 0.004, respectively). There was no significant difference between the groups in this respect. The specific enzyme activity of LPL was not altered in the postprandial state. Fasting and postprandial adipose tissue LPL activity as well as post-heparin plasma LPL activity tended to be lower among the diabetes patients (NS). There was a significant and independent inverse association between insulin resistance (homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index) vs post-heparin plasma LPL activity and postprandial triglyceride levels, respectively. Adipose tissue LPL activity was related to insulin action in vitro on adipocyte glucose transport, but not to HOMA-IR.Conclusion: Following food intake adipose tissue LPL activity is enhanced to a similar degree in patients with type 2 diabetes and in healthy control subjects matched for BMI, age and gender. If LPL dysregulation is involved in the postprandial hypertriglyceridaemia found in type 2 diabetes, it should occur in tissues other than subcutaneous fat.
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2.
  • Neuger, Lucyna, et al. (författare)
  • Effects of the heparin-mimicking compound RG-13577 on lipoprotein lipase and on lipase mediated binding of LDL to cells
  • 2001
  • Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - 0021-9150 .- 1879-1484. ; 157:1, s. 13-21
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) has high affinity for heparin and heparin-like compounds. In vivo the enzyme is attached to heparan sulfate proteoglycans on the endothelium of capillaries and larger blood vessels. The enzyme is released from these sites after intravenous injection of heparin. One has here investigated the effects of RG-13577 on LPL, both after intravenous injection to rats and under cell culture conditions. RG-13577 is a heparin-mimicking compound known to prevent angiogenesis by interference with binding of growth factors to cells. It has therefore been considered for use in cancer therapy as well as for prevention of atherosclerosis and restenosis. It was found that intravenously injected RG-13577 released both LPL and hepatic lipase (HL) to the blood. Binding of LPL in extrahepatic tissues was prevented and clearance of radiolabeled LPL from the circulation was delayed. Furthermore, RG-13577 released LPL from extracellular matrix (ECM) produced by endothelial cells and from THP-1 monocyte-derived macrophages. Lipase-mediated binding and uptake of human LDL in these cells was also prevented by RG-13577. Thus, in the test systems RG-13577 had the same effects as heparin, but on a molar basis RG-13577 was in all cases less effective.
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3.
  • Abedpour Dehkordi, Adel, et al. (författare)
  • Interleukin-6 reduces paraoxonase-1 activity in a dose-dependent manner : evidence for a potential novel lipoprotein-based modulatory mechanism
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier. - 0021-9150 .- 1879-1484. ; 252, s. E113-E114
  • Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Objectives: The anti-oxidant/anti-inflammatory nature of HDL is mainly associated with paraoxonase-1 (PON1). Previous studies have revealed an inverse correlation between Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and PON1 expression. The current study investigates the effect of IL-6 on serum PON1 activity in vitro, given the potential structural capability of PON1 to host multiple ligands. Methods: PON1 activity was measured spectrophotometrically (234 nm) using paraoxon substrate in the presence of concentrations of IL-6 than control samples. A sequence alignment using the FASTA sequence was manually conducted to identify possible homologies between PON1 and the IL-6-binding protein. Statistical analysis was conducted using GraphPad Prism v5.0. Results: PON1 enzyme activity decreased by 15%, 26% (P<0.05) and 55% (P<0.001) in the presence of 4, 10 and 20 pg/ml of IL-6, respectively. in comparison with the controls. Student t. test was used as statistical method (p<0.05: statistically significant). There are potential homologies between PON1 active sites and know IL-6-binding residues. Conclusions: This study shows that IL-6 directly reduce the PON1 activity in a dose-dependent manner. This observation supports some studies indicating inverse correlation between PON1 and IL-6. However, as opposed to the gene-mediated approach, this study suggest that IL-6 may act directly through specific binding to PON1 (biochemical modulation). X ray crystallography can further scrutinize the present finding.
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5.
  • Andersson, Jonas, 1977-, et al. (författare)
  • Effects of heavy endurance physical exercise on inflammatory markers in non-athletes
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9150 .- 1879-1484. ; 209:2, s. 601-605
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • OBJECTIVES: Physical activity has beneficial effects on cardiovascular disease but the mechanisms are still somewhat unclear. One possible pathway may be through the anti-inflammatory effects attributed to regular physical activity. Our primary aim was to study the effects of endurance physical exercise on C-reactive protein (CRP), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNFalpha) during the acute and recovery phases. Secondarily, we studied the impact of diet on these inflammatory markers.METHODS: Twenty men, aged 18-55 years, participated in a 14 days cross-country skiing tour. They traveled 12-30km per day corresponding to about 10h of heavy physical activity. The participants were randomized to a diet with either 30 or 40% of energy derived from fat. Inflammatory variables were analysed at week 0, after 1 and 2 weeks and during the recovery phase at week 6 and 8.RESULTS: CRP and TNFalpha increased significantly during the two weeks of exercise (1.4-5.0mg/l, p=0.00 and 6.8-8.4pg/ml, p=0.00). CRP levels were significantly lower during recovery (median 0.7mg/l) compared to baseline (median 1.4mg/l) and did not correlate to metabolic variables. There were no significant changes in IL-6 levels during the study period. For dietary groups significant CRP changes were observed only in the high fat group during recovery.CONCLUSIONS: CRP and TNFalpha increased significantly but reacted differently during heavy physical activity while there seemed to be no significant changes in IL-6. No significant differences regarding inflammatory variables were found between the dietary groups.
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6.
  • Antoniewicz, Lukasz, et al. (författare)
  • Electronic cigarettes increase endothelial progenitor cells in the blood of healthy volunteers
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9150 .- 1879-1484. ; 255, s. 179-185
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background and aims: The use of electronic cigarettes is increasing dramatically on a global scale and its effects on human health remain uncertain. In the present study, we measured endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and microvesicles (MVs) in healthy young volunteers following short-term exposure to inhalation of e-cigarette vapor (ECV) to determine vascular changes.Methods: Sixteen healthy seldom smokers were randomized into two groups either exposed or not exposed to 10 puffs of ECV for 10 min, in a crossover design. Blood samples were obtained at baseline and 1, 4 and 24 h following exposure. EPCs (CD34 + CD309) and MVs were analyzed by flow cytometry. MVs were phenotyped according to origin (platelet (CD41), endothelial (CD144), leukocytes (CD45), monocytes (CD14)) and nuclear content (SYTO 13 dye). In addition, expression of inflammation markers such P-selectin (CD62P), E-selectin (CD62E), CD40-ligand (CD154) and HMGB1 was investigated. Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) was also measured at baseline and after 24 h.Results: EPC levels in blood were significantly increased 1 h following exposure to ECV and returned to baseline values after 24 h. Only E-selectin positive MVs (endothelial origin) were slightly elevated (p < 0.038). FeNO was unaffected by exposure to ECV. Conclusions: In healthy volunteers, ten puffs of e-cigarette vapor inhalation caused an increase in EPCs. This increase was of the same magnitude as following smoking of one traditional cigarette, as we previously demonstrated. Taken together, these results may represent signs of possible vascular changes after short e-cigarette inhalation. Further studies analyzing potential cardiovascular health effects are critical as the e-cigarette market continues to burgeon.
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  • Bergström, Erik, et al. (författare)
  • Serum lipid values in adolescents are related to family history, infant feeding, and physical growth.
  • 1995
  • Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - 0021-9150 .- 1879-1484. ; 117:1, s. 1-13
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Total serum cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG), apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I), apolipoprotein B (apo B), and lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)) were analysed in 879 14- and 17-year-old healthy adolescents (477 boys and 402 girls), and related to family history of cardiovascular disease, early feeding, weight and length at birth, and physical growth during infancy and childhood. Mean TC was significantly higher in girls than in boys (4.4 and 4.2 mmol/l, respectively, both age-groups together). High TC values ( > 5.2 mmol/l) were more prevalent in girls than in boys: 14% and 17% compared to 6% and 12% in 14- and 17-year-old girls and boys, respectively. Mean TC and LDL-C values were lower during mid-puberty in both boys and girls while, in boys but not in girls, mean HDL-C values decreased and TG values increased successively with increasing pubertal stage. Girls who were taking oral contraceptives had higher mean values of TC (4.91/4.39 mmol/l), TG (1.32/0.83 mmol/l), and apo B (0.89/0.73 g/l). Boys with a family history of early deaths ( < 55 years) from myocardial infarction and girls with a family history of cerebral haemorrhage/thrombosis in fathers had higher mean values of TC (4.55/4.17 and 5.03/4.40 mmol/l, for boys and girls, respectively), LDL-C (2.84/2.47 and 3.08/2.56 mmol/l), and apo B (0.73/0.70 and 0.86/0.73 g/l). Adolescents with short duration of breast feeding ( < 6 months), or early introduction of infant formula, had higher mean values of TC (4.29/4.14 mmol/l) and apo B (0.72/0.68 g/l). There were no significant correlations between serum lipid values and body weight or length at birth, but adolescents with high LDL-C (upper quartile) seemed to have lower attained heights during infancy and childhood. In conclusion, this study shows that serum lipids in adolescence are primarily related to age and sex but also to early determinants like family history of cardiovascular diseases, infant feeding, and early physical growth.
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