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- Chen, Yun, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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High levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1, insulin resistance and saturated fatty acids are associated with endothelial dysfunction in healthy adolescents.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-1484 .- 0021-9150. ; 211:2, s. 638-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Atherosclerosis begins and progresses during childhood and adolescence. Endothelial dysfunction is one of the earliest abnormalities that can be detected in the development of atherosclerosis. As the determinants of endothelial function in childhood are unknown, we investigated the influence of cardiovascular risk factors on endothelial function in a cohort of healthy adolescents. METHODS: A total of 257 adolescents (age: 14.5+/-1.0 years, 138 girls) participated in this study. Endothelial function was measured as reactive hyperemic index (RHI) using a fingertip peripheral arterial tonometry device. Blood samples were collected for analysis of lipids, insulin, glucose, fatty acid composition of plasma phospholipids, and markers of inflammation and endothelial function. RESULTS: There was no gender difference in RHI. Boys had higher plasma level of vascular cellular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), P-selectin and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and lower level of insulin, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL), ApoA1, ApoB, and docosahexaenoic acid of plasma phospholipids than girls. There was no gender difference regarding triacylglycerol, triacylglycerol/HDL, LDL/HDL and ApoB/ApoA. The RHI was inversely associated with plasma ICAM-1 (p=0.0003), HOMA index for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR, p=0.001) and saturated fatty acids of plasma phospholipids (SFA, p=0.001). The associations remained significant after adjusting for age, height, BMI-z-score, sex, blood pressure, HDL and smoking. CONCLUSION: In healthy adolescents impaired endothelial function is significantly associated with high level of soluble ICAM-1, HOMA-IR and SFA.
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| 2. |
- Dangardt, Frida, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation improves vascular function and reduces inflammation in obese adolescents.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-1484 .- 0021-9150. ; 212:2, s. 580-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Compared to normal weight adolescents, obese adolescents have lower serum omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) concentrations, augmented inflammatory activity and endothelial dysfunction. We wanted to assess whether n-3 supplementation increases the serum n-3 PUFA concentration, improves vascular function and morphology, and lowers inflammation in obese adolescents.
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| 3. |
- Eklund, Charlotte, et al.
(författare)
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High-resolution radial artery intima-media thickness and cardiovascular risk factors in patients with suspected coronary artery disease - Comparison with common carotid artery intima-media thickness
- 2012
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Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9150 .- 1879-1484. ; 221:1, s. 118-123
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The radial artery wall structure can be measured with non-invasive very high-resolution ultrasound with great feasibility and high accuracy. In the present study, we aim to explore clinical correlates of radial artery intima-media thickness (rIMT), in a relatively large patient cohort with suspected coronary artery disease, and further compare those to common carotid artery IMT (cIMT) that is an accepted surrogate marker of atherosclerosis. Methods: Four hundred and sixteen patients referred to myocardial perfusion scintigram (MPS) were recruited, and cIMT and rIMT were scanned using conventional and very high-resolution ultrasound (55. MHz transducer), respectively. A number of plasma biomarkers were also measured. Results: Both cIMT and rIMT were similarly correlated with disease history, MPS-verified ischemia, carotid plaque burden, and lipid status. Repeated measurement of rIMT showed acceptable variability. Conclusion: Radial artery IMT may constitute a novel feasible imaging biomarker for systemic atherosclerosis burden, which may be used in future imaging trials to evaluate, e.g. anti-atherosclerotic treatments. © 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Ulleryd, Marcus A, et al.
(författare)
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Stimulation of alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) inhibits atherosclerosis via immunomodulatory effects on myeloid cells.
- 2019
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Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-1484 .- 0021-9150. ; 287, s. 122-133
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) stimulation can regulate acute inflammation, and lack of α7nAChR accelerates atherosclerosis in mice. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of the novel α7nAChR agonist, AZ6983, on atherosclerosis and assess its possible immunomodulating effects.AZ6983 was tested in vitro in LPS-challenged mouse and human blood and in vivo using the acute inflammatory air pouch model. Thereafter, long-term effects of AZ6983 treatment on atherosclerosis and immune responses were assessed in apoE-/- mice after 8 and 12 weeks. Atherosclerosis was investigated in the aortic root and thoracic aorta, serum levels of cytokines were analysed and RNAseq was used to study aortic gene expression. Further, bone-marrow-derived macrophages were used to assess phagocytosis in vitro.α7nAChR activation by AZ6983 decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines in acute stimulations of human and mouse blood in vitro, as well as in vivo using the air pouch model. Treating apoE-/- mice with AZ6983 decreased atherosclerosis by 37-49% and decreased serum cytokine levels. RNAseq analysis of aortae suggested the involvement of several specific myeloid cell functions, including phagocytosis. In line with this, AZ6983 significantly increased phagocytosis in bone marrow-derived macrophages.This study demonstrates that activation of α7nAChR with AZ6983 inhibits atherosclerosis in apoE-/-mice and that immunomodulating effects on myeloid cells, such as enhanced phagocytosis and suppression of inflammatory cytokines, could be part of the athero-protective mechanisms. The observed anti-inflammatory effect in human blood supports the idea that AZ6983 may decrease disease also in humans.
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| 6. |
- Andersson, Irene, 1978, et al.
(författare)
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Increased atherosclerotic lesion area in apoE deficient mice overexpressing bovine growth hormone
- 2006
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Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9150. ; 188:2, s. 331-40
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Human growth hormone (GH) excess is linked to increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. However, little is known about the effect of GH excess on atherosclerosis. We developed a new mouse model to assess the hypothesis that GH overexpression accelerates atherosclerotic lesion formation. apoE(-/-) mice were crossed with bovine GH (bGH) transgenic mice to yield apoE(-/-) mice overexpressing bGH (apoE(-/-)/bGH). The mice were fed either standard or Western diet. At 22 weeks, atherosclerotic lesion area of thoracic aorta was larger in apoE(-/-)/bGH mice compared with littermate apoE(-/-) mice fed either diet (standard: +161+/-50%, Western: +430+/-134%). Aortic sinus lesions were more severe in apoE(-/-)/bGH mice fed standard diet compared with littermate apoE(-/-) mice. apoE(-/-)/bGH mice had lower (VLDL+LDL)/HDL ratios compared with littermate apoE(-/-) mice, while systolic blood pressure was higher in apoE(-/-)/bGH mice, irrespective of diet. The levels of serum amyloid A and hepatic CRP mRNA were higher in apoE(-/-)/bGH mice than in littermate apoE(-/-) mice. In conclusion, this study shows that excess GH augments the development of atherosclerosis in apoE(-/-) mice. The mechanisms could be direct effects of GH on cellular processes in the vessel wall or the result of concomitant processes such as hypertension or a general inflammatory state.
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| 7. |
- Gan, Li-Ming, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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Non-invasive real-time imaging of atherosclerosis in mice using ultrasound biomicroscopy
- 2007
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Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9150. ; 190:2, s. 313-20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There are increasing needs to develop imaging techniques to study in vivo vascular morphology and function in various mouse models of atherosclerosis. Using ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM), we developed and validated a new imaging protocol to follow lesion progression in atherosclerotic mice. ApoE and LDL receptor double knockout mice (DKO) with various degree of atherosclerosis and normal control mice were imaged at the level of the ascending aorta using UBM. Average plaque thickness, as well as plaque area were delineated in the short-axis images, and were subsequently compared with histological measurements. We showed that plaque area at this vascular site was closely correlated to total plaque burden from en face measurement (p<0.0001). UBM-measured plaque thickness and area correlated with indices for histology measures from the same vascular region (p<0.0001 respective p<0.0001). Furthermore, in 16 DKO mice aged from 32 to 35 weeks, UBM showed significantly weekly increases of IMT in the ascending aorta from 0.106+/-0.108 mm at 32 weeks of age to 0.256+/-0.345 mm at 35 weeks of age (p=0.0002). In conclusion, this novel imaging protocol provides us with a non-invasive, accurate and inexpensive way to follow lesion progression in mice in vivo.
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