| 1. |
- Bergström, Göran, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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Body weight at age 20 and in midlife is more important than weight gain for coronary atherosclerosis: Results from SCAPIS.
- 2023
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Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-1484 .- 0021-9150. ; 373, s. 46-54
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Elevated body weight in adolescence is associated with early cardiovascular disease, but whether this association is traceable to weight in early adulthood, weight in midlife or to weight gain is not known. The aim of this study is to assess the risk of midlife coronary atherosclerosis being associated with body weight at age 20, body weight in midlife and body weight change.We used data from 25,181 participants with no previous myocardial infarction or cardiac procedure in the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS, mean age 57 years, 51% women). Data on coronary atherosclerosis, self-reported body weight at age 20 and measured midlife weight were recorded together with potential confounders and mediators. Coronary atherosclerosis was assessed using coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) and expressed as segment involvement score (SIS).The probability of having coronary atherosclerosis was markedly higher with increasing weight at age 20 and with mid-life weight (p < 0.001 for both sexes). However, weight increase from age 20 until mid-life was only modestly associated with coronary atherosclerosis. The association between weight gain and coronary atherosclerosis was mainly seen in men. However, no significant sex difference could be detected when adjusting for the 10-year delay in disease development in women.Similar in men and women, weight at age 20 and weight in midlife are strongly related to coronary atherosclerosis while weight increase from age 20 until midlife is only modestly related to coronary atherosclerosis.
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| 2. |
- Davidsson, Lisa, et al.
(författare)
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Ultrasound-assessed plaque occurrence in the carotid and femoral arteries are independent predictors of cardiovascular events in middle-aged men during 10 years of follow-up.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-1484 .- 0021-9150.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To examine if plaques in the carotid and femoral arteries were associated with cardiovascular events during a 10-year follow-up independently of usual risk factors for such diseases. METHODS: Plaque occurrence in both carotid arteries, and in the right femoral artery were assessed at baseline by B-mode ultrasound in a population-based sample of 58-year-old men (n=391) with no cardiovascular disease, and varying degrees of obesity and insulin sensitivity at entry. Anthropometry and blood pressure were recorded. Fasting venous blood samples were used for measurement of cardiovascular risk factors. Cardiovascular events occurring during follow-up were obtained by access to register data. RESULTS: Systolic blood pressure, serum triglycerides and waist-hip ratio as well as baseline occurrence of carotid and femoral plaques were associated with events. Logistic multi-variate analyses showed that carotid plaques (OR 2.09, 95% CI 1.05-4.16, p=0.037), femoral plaques (OR 1.99, 95% CI 1.01-3.91, p=0.047) and concomitant presence of carotid, and femoral plaques (OR 2.53, 95% CI 1.23-5.21, p=0.011) were associated with cardiovascular events independently of other risk factors. Plaques occurred in 0-3 arteries and there was a parallel increase in cardiovascular risk (p=0.004). CONCLUSION: Occurrence of carotid or femoral plaques at baseline had similar predictive value for cardiovascular events. Increased plaque burden, with plaques in both carotid and femoral arteries increased the cardiovascular risk further. Hence, the results from this study indicate that ultrasound examination of both the carotid and femoral arteries was the preferred method to predict cardiovascular risk.
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| 3. |
- Hägg, Daniel, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Oxidized LDL induces a coordinated up-regulation of the glutathione and thioredoxin systems in human macrophages.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9150 .- 1879-1484. ; 185:2, s. 282-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using DNA microarray analysis, we found that human macrophages respond to oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) by activating the antioxidative glutathione and thioredoxin systems. Several genes of the glutathione and thioredoxin systems were expressed at high levels in macrophages when compared to 80 other human tissues and cell types, indicating that these systems may be of particular importance in macrophages. The up-regulation of three genes in these systems, thioredoxin (P < 0.005), thioredoxin reductase 1 (P < 0.001) and glutathione reductase (P < 0.001) was verified with real-time RT-PCR, using human macrophages from 10 healthy donors. To investigate the possible role of these antioxidative systems in the development of atherosclerosis, expression levels in macrophages from 15 subjects with atherosclerosis (12 men, 3 women) and 15 matched controls (12 men, 3 women) were analyzed using DNA microarrays. Two genes in the glutathione system Mn superoxide dismutase (P < 0.05) and catalase (P < 0.05) differed in expression between the groups. We conclude that macrophage uptake of oxidized LDL induces a coordinated up-regulation of genes of the glutathione and thioredoxin systems, suggesting that these systems may participate in the cellular defense against oxidized LDL and possibly modulate the development of atherosclerosis.
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| 4. |
- Schmidt, Caroline, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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apoB/apoA-I ratio is related to femoral artery plaques and is predictive for future cardiovascular events in healthy men
- 2006
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Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9150. ; 189:1, s. 178-85
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between serum concentrations of apoB, apoA-I and the apoB/apoA-I ratio and future cardiovascular events in a group of healthy 58-year-old men during 6.6 years of follow-up. A further aim was to investigate the concentrations of apoB, apoA-I and the apoB/apoA-I ratio to the association of plaque occurrence in the carotid and femoral arteries. BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown that the apoB/apoA-I ratio is an important cardiovascular risk factor, whereas the association between apoB/apoA-I ratio and presence of atherosclerotic plaques in the carotid and femoral arteries has been less investigated. METHODS: The carotid and femoral arteries were examined by high-resolution B-mode ultrasound in 391, 58-year-old men identified by screening in the city of Goteborg, Sweden. Assessment of plaque occurrence and measurement of apolipoproteins (apoA-I and apoB) was performed. RESULTS: Subjects with an apoB/apoA-I ratio >/=0.9 had a significantly increased risk to suffer a cardiovascular event during 6.6 years of follow-up (OR 3.07, 95% CI 1.22-7.71), while no difference in risk for cardiovascular events was observed for subjects with LDL cholesterol >3.4 mmol/L compared to subjects <3.4 mmol/L (OR 1.04, 95% CI 0.37-2.46). A greater risk for plaques in the femoral artery was also observed in subjects with an apoB/apoA-I ratio >/=0.9 compared to subjects <0.9 (OR 3.06, 95% CI 1.22-7.70). In a multiple logistic regression model, both elevated apoB/apoA-I ratio and plaque occurrence in the femoral artery were of significant importance for cardiovascular events during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: The results showed that the apoB/apoA-I ratio was associated with arteriosclerosis in the femoral artery, and predicted future cardiovascular events. These observations, and the fact that apoB and apoA-I can be measured in the non-fasting state with high precision, in combination with the finding that LDL cholesterol did not predict cardiovascular disease, support results from other studies that the apoB/apoA-I ratio may be a superior risk marker for cardiovascular disease.
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| 5. |
- Schmidt, Caroline, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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ApoB/apoA-I ratio is related to femoral artery plaques in 64-year-old women also in cases with low LDL cholesterol
- 2008
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Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9150. ; 196:2, s. 817-822
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: The apolipoproteinB (apoB)/apolipoproteinA-I (apoA-I) ratio mirrors the number of pro-atherogenic and anti-atherogenic lipoprotein particles. This ratio may carry more information on risk for atherosclerosis than LDL in cohorts with impaired glucose tolerance. The aim was to examine the association between the apoB/apoA-I ratio and ultrasound-assessed atherosclerosis in the carotid and femoral arteries in women with varying degrees of glucose tolerance. METHODS: Plaque occurrence, and intima-media thickness in the carotid and femoral arteries were examined by B-mode ultrasound in a random sample of 64-year-old women (n=646) living in Gothenburg, Sweden, representing different degrees of glucose intolerance (diabetes (n=234), impaired (n=212) and normal glucose tolerance (n=200)). Traditional risk factors and serum concentrations of apolipoproteins were analysed. RESULTS: For subjects in the lowest LDL tertile, the risk of having a plaque in the femoral artery was three times greater for subjects in the highest apoB/apoA-I tertile compared to subjects in the lowest tertile (OR: 3.0, 95% CI: 1.2-7.5). A clear increase in the occurrence of femoral plaque was observed already at a cut-off value of 0.63 (OR: 1.8, 95% CI: 1.2-2.6). ApoB/apoA-I was also related to femoral plaque occurrence in women with low HbA1c. ApoB/A-I ratio was associated with carotid and femoral IMT but not carotid plaques. CONCLUSION: The apoB/apoA-I ratio improved the identification of cases with femoral artery atherosclerosis in a cohort of women with varying degrees of glucose tolerance. Such cases could also be identified in women with normal LDL and HbA1c levels. The results indicate that an apoB/apoA-I ratio above 0.63 should be used as a marker of increased risk.
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| 6. |
- Schmidt, Caroline, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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Non-stenotic echolucent ultrasound-assessed femoral artery plaques are predictive for future cardiovascular events in middle-aged men
- 2005
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Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9150. ; 181:1, s. 125-30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between plaque occurrence, plaque size and plaque echogenicity, assessed by B-mode ultrasound, in the femoral artery and the development of clinical cardiovascular disease. BACKGROUND: The relationship between carotid atherosclerosis assessed by B-mode ultrasound and cardiovascular disease has been thoroughly investigated. In comparison, the femoral arteries have received much less attention. METHODS: The femoral artery was examined by high-resolution B-mode ultrasound in 391, 58-year-old men identified by screening in the city of Goteborg, Sweden. Assessment of plaque occurrence, plaque size (no, small, or moderate/large) and plaque characteristics in terms of echogenicity (no, echogenic or echolucent) were performed. RESULTS: Subjects with a plaque present in the femoral artery at study baseline had a three-fold increase in odds ratio (OR 3.04, 95%, CI 1.24-7.42) for having a cardiovascular event during 6.6 years of follow-up compared to subjects without plaque. After adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors (LDL, triglycerides, systolic blood pressure and smoking) there was a borderline significant association between plaque occurrence and cardiovascular disease (OR = 2.64, p = 0.055). Plaque size could be demonstrated to be associated with cardiovascular events (p = 0.012, for trend). The results also showed that in this group of men, the risk of having a cardiovascular event was to a large extent confined to those with an echolucent plaque at baseline. However, no significant difference in risk prediction was seen between echogenic and echolucent plaques, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to show that the presence of non-stenotic plaques in the femoral artery in middle-aged men without prior cardiovascular events has a predictive value for future cardiovascular events. The relationship was attenuated by adjustment for traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Data also indicates that plaque echolucency predicts increased risk.
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| 7. |
- Sigurdardottir, Vilborg, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Circulating oxidized low-density lipoprotein is associated with echolucent plaques in the femoral artery independently of hsCRP in 61-year-old men
- 2007
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Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9150. ; 190:1, s. 187-93
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to test the hypothesis that circulating markers of inflammation (high-sensitive C-reactive protein, hsCRP) and oxidative modification of lipids (oxidized low-density lipoprotein, oxLDL) were associated with the occurrence of echolucent rather than echogenic femoral artery plaques in a cross-sectional population based cohort of 513, 61-year-old men. BACKGROUND: The relationships between circulating oxLDL, hsCRP and the occurrence of echolucent plaques in the femoral artery have not previously been investigated. METHODS: The levels of circulating oxLDL and hsCRP were determined in plasma by ELISA. Plaque occurrence, size and echogenicity were measured by B-mode ultrasound in the right femoral artery. Assessment of plaque echogenicity was based on the classification (grades 1-4) proposed by Gray-Weale et al. RESULTS: A higher frequency of echolucent femoral plaques was observed in subjects with the metabolic syndrome and current smokers (p=0.01 and p<0.001, respectively) as well as with increasing levels of oxLDL and hsCRP (p=0.002 and p=0.005, respectively). In a multiple logistic regression analysis oxLDL and current smokers turned out to be independent associated with the presence of echolucent femoral artery plaques. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the present study support our hypothesis that circulating oxLDL is a marker of an unstable echolucent plaque phenotype in the femoral artery in man.
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