| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Dobritzsch, Doreen, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
-
High resolution crystal structure of pyruvate decarboxylase from Zymomonas mobilis : Implications for substrate activation in pyruvate decarboxylases
- 1998
-
Ingår i: Journal of Biological Chemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9258 .- 1083-351X. ; 273:32, s. 20196-20204
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The crystal structure of tetrameric pyruvate decarboxylase from Zymomonas mobilis has been determined at 1.9 A resolution and refined to a crystallographic R-factor of 16.2% and Rfree of 19.7%. The subunit consists of three domains, all of the alpha/beta type. Two of the subunits form a tight dimer with an extensive interface area. The thiamin diphosphate binding site is located at the subunit-subunit interface, and the cofactor, bound in the V conformation, interacts with residues from the N-terminal domain of one subunit and the C-terminal domain of the second subunit. The 2-fold symmetry generates the second thiamin diphosphate binding site in the dimer. Two of the dimers form a tightly packed tetramer with pseudo 222 symmetry. The interface area between the dimers is much larger in pyruvate decarboxylase from Z. mobilis than in the yeast enzyme, and structural differences in these parts result in a completely different packing of the subunits in the two enzymes. In contrast to other pyruvate decarboxylases, the enzyme from Z. mobilis is not subject to allosteric activation by the substrate. The tight packing of the dimers in the tetramer prevents large rearrangements in the quaternary structure as seen in the yeast enzyme and locks the enzyme in an activated conformation. The architecture of the cofactor binding site and the active site is similar in the two enzymes. However, the x-ray analysis reveals subtle but significant structural differences in the active site that might be responsible for variations in the biochemical properties in these enzymes.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
- Sandalova, T., et al.
(författare)
-
A structural basis for CD8(+) T cell-dependent recognition of non-homologous peptide ligands - Implications for molecular mimicry in autoreactivity
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Journal of Biological Chemistry. - 0021-9258 .- 1083-351X. ; 280:29, s. 27069-27075
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Molecular mimicry of self-epitopes by viral antigens is one possible pathogenic mechanism underlying induction of autoimmunity. A self-epitope, mDBM, derived from mouse dopamine beta-mono-oxygenase (KALYDYAPI) sharing 44% sequence identity with the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus-derived immunodominant epitope gp33 (KAVYNFATC/ M), has previously been identified as a cross-reactive self-ligand, presentation of which results in autoimmunity. A rat peptide homologue, rDBM (KALYNYAPI, 56% identity to gp33), which displayed similar properties to mDBM, has also been identified. We herein report the crystal structure of H-2D(b)center dot rDBM and a comparison with the crystal structures of the cross-reactive H-2D(b)center dot gp33 and non- cross- reactive H-2D(b)center dot gp33 (V3L) escape variant (KALYNFATM, 88% identity to gp33). Despite the large sequence disparity, rDBM and gp33 peptides are presented in nearly identical manners by H-2D(b), with a striking juxtaposition of the central sections of both peptides from residues p3 to p7. The structural similarity provides H-2D(b) in complex with either a virus-derived or a dopamine beta-mono-oxygenase-derived peptide with a shared antigenic identity that conserves the positioning of the heavy chain and peptide residues that interact with the T cell receptor (TCR). This stands in contrast to the structure of H-2D(b) center dot gp33 (V3L), in which a single conserved mutation, also present in rDBM, induces large movements of both the peptide backbone and the side chains that interact with the TCR. The TCR-interacting surfaces of the H-2D(b) center dot rDBM and H-2D(b) center dot gp33 major histocompatibility complexes are very similar with regard to shape, topology, and charge distribution, providing a structural basis for CD8 T cell activation by molecular mimicry and potential subsequent development of autoreactivity.
|
|
