| 1. |
- Björn, Lars Olof
(författare)
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Brännässlor–inte bara ogräs
- 2018
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Ingår i: Svensk Botanisk Tidskrift. - 0039-646X. ; 112:2, s. 111-115
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Stinging nettles are not always appreciated, but have been used for spinningyarn and weaving since the Bronze Age, and have also been much used in folk medicine. They are used as food for caterpillars of several of our most beloved butterflies, but area lso victims of an interesting parasitic plant, the dodder.And they can be used to make a delicate soup!
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| 2. |
- Götmark, Elin, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Varför finns buskar? Biologi och matematik i skön förening
- 2017
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Ingår i: Svensk Botanisk Tidskrift. - 0039-646X. ; 111:2, s. 106-116
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We describe advantages for a shrub compared to a small tree with the same above-ground woody volume, based on larger cross-sectional stem area (Fig. 2b), larger area of photosynthetic tissue in bark and stem, larger vascular cambium area, larger epidermis (bark) area (Fig. 2c) and larger area for sprouting, and faster production of twigs and canopy. We predicted higher growth rate for a small shrub than a small tree, which was supported by empirical studies. Also, a shrub will produce seeds faster than a tree, multiple stems in shrubs insure future survival and growth if one or more stems die, and several structural traits improve survival, compared to tall tree stems. Multi-stemmed trees may be distinguished from shrubs by more upright stems, reducing bending moment (Fig. 6). More information in Götmark et al. 2016: Front. Plant Sci. 7: 1095.
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| 3. |
- Götmark, Elin, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Why be a shrub?
- 2017
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Ingår i: Svensk Botanisk Tidskrift. - 0039-646X. ; 111:2, s. 106-116
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We describe advantages for a shrub compared to a small tree with the same above-ground woody volume, based on larger cross-sectional stem area (Fig. 2b), larger area of photosynthetic tissue in bark and stem, larger vascular cambium area, larger epidermis (bark) area (Fig. 2c) and larger area for sprouting, and faster production of twigs and canopy. We predicted higher growth rate for a small shrub than a small tree, which was supported by empirical studies. Also, a shrub will produce seeds faster than a tree, multiple stems in shrubs insure future survival and growth if one or more stems die, and several structural traits improve survival, compared to tall tree stems. Multi-stemmed trees may be distinguished from shrubs by more upright stems, reducing bending moment (Fig. 6).
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| 4. |
- Hedrén, Mikael
(författare)
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Speciation and relationships in Dactylorhiza
- 2005
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Ingår i: Svensk Botanisk Tidskrift. - 0039-646X. ; 99:2, s. 70-93
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Most of the Scandinavian members of the orchid genus Dactylorhiza are included in the D. incarnata/D. maculata polyploid complex. Molecular data obtained during the last decade have given a better understanding of evolutionary patterns in this complex and explain why it is taxonomically difficult. The data reveal that allotetraploids have been formed repeatedly by hybridization between the same pair of broadly defined parental species, D. incarnata s.lat. and D. maculata s.lat. Some of the widespread allotetraploids are themselves variable and may each consist of several independently derived allotetraploid lineages, or else may have obtained increased levels of diversity by backcrossing with their parental species or by hybridization with other allotetraploids. Whereas some allotetraploids have wide distribution areas indicating that they should be of relatively high age, other allotetraploids, which may be characterized by odd character combinations, are confined to one or a few populations and may be of recent origins. Because of the intricate variation patterns and the difficulty to subdivide the complex into a series of morphologically discrete species, it is argued that all allotetraploids are best included in a broadly circumscribed D. majalis, at least until additional molecular data regarding taxonomic delimitation have been obtained. Widespread and well-known taxa may be provisionally treated as subspecies.
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| 5. |
- Johansson, P, et al.
(författare)
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The lichen flora of Stora Karlsö and Lilla Karlsö
- 2000
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Ingår i: Svensk Botanisk Tidskrift. - 0039-646X. ; 94:4, s. 205-254
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In 1993-1998 the lichen flora of Stora Karlso and Lilla Karlso was surveyed. These two nearby islands are situated outside the west coast of Gotland, Sweden, in the Baltic Sea. In all, 355 species were found, including three lichenicolous fungi. Two species are new to Sweden, viz. Lepraria flavescens and Placynthium lismorense. Both were found on limestone. The number of species according to habitat was: limestone 105, gravel alvar 84, grass alvar 17, siliceous rocks 88, sea-shore rocks 20, bark (mostly deciduous trees) 121 and wood 52. During the last hundred years the management and thereby plant succession have differed between the islands. Sheep has continuously grazed Lilla Karlso, while the sheep were removed in 1887 from Stora Karlso. Floristic differences of the lichen flora between the islands are discussed from this aspect. The succession of deciduous forest on Stora Karlso is important for the species composition of the epiphyte flora. Some phytogeographical aspects are also discussed. Several common lichen species in southern Sweden are rare or not found on Stora Karlso and Lilla Karlso, e.g. the sorediate species Buellia griseovirens, Pertusaria amara and Phlyctis argena. In contrast, the otherwise rare calcicolous Gyalecta subclausa is common on the islands. With the aim of studying the lichen flora of gravel alvar in detail, this habitat was surveyed in sample-plots. The overall species richness of the gravel alvar is higher on Stora Karlso, mainly due to the larger area of this habitat. The mean species richness in the sample-plots is however similar on both islands, with on average 15 species/dm2. The most species-rich dm2 sample-plot with 23 species was encountered on Stora Karlso. The species composition of the gravel alvar differs between the islands; e.g. on Stora Karlso Collema tenax, Fulgensia fulgens, Psora decipiens and Squamarina cartilaginea are more abundant. This may be caused by different management regimes. However, it is hard to distinguish the effects of differences in habitat area, habitat quality and sheep grazing. The most obvious effect of grazing on the terricolous lichens is the change of growth form of the Cladonia species. This was seen both by a comparison of the lichen individuals of the two islands and by following the macrolichens in an area where sheep were re-introduced on Stora Karlso in 1995. Cladonia arbuscula, C. portentosa and C. rangiferina grow in dense cushions in areas without sheep, while they grow scattered in areas with sheep. This is probably caused by the mechanical action of sheep trampling.
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| 6. |
- Karlsson, Laila, et al.
(författare)
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Enset - en mångsidig etiopisk gröda
- 2014
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Ingår i: Svensk Botanisk Tidskrift. - 0039-646X. ; 108:1, s. 34-41
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 7. |
- Karlsson, T, et al.
(författare)
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Changes in the Hieracium flora in the Nässjö area (Småland, S Sweden) during the 20th century(Skogs- och hagfibblor i nässjötrakten i åttio års perspektiv)
- 2005
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Ingår i: Svensk Botanisk Tidskrift. - 0039-646X. ; 99:3-4, s. 187-207
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The Hieracium flora in an area of 1250 km(2) centred around the town of Nassjo, S Sweden, was investigated in 1924-30 and again in 2004. In all, 101 species of the sections Hieracium and Vulgaria were found, 89 in the 1920s and 85 in 2004, i.e. approximately the same number. However, the number of species per 5 by 5-km area has been strongly reduced, and the decline is even more pronounced for 1 by 1-km areas. This implies that Hieracium species have generally become much rarer If the sample from the 1920s is unbiased, species of sect. Hieracium have declined more than those of sect. Vulgaria. In the 1920s, the main Hieracium habitat was wooded meadows cut for hay after mid-summer; hawkweeds were a conspicuous and species-rich element of their vegetation. Today, almost all the former hay-meadows have changed into forest or manured grassland, and the hawkweeds are usually gone. Species of sect. Vulgaria are now mainly fond on roadsides (70% of all localities) whereas those of sect. Hieracium prefer woodland (63% of all localities). However, species of the Bifida group within sect. Hieracium have the same habitat preferences as sect. Vulgaria. - Two species are new to the province of Smaland, viz. H. constringens Norrl. and H. expallidiforme (Dahlst. ex Stenstr) Dahlst. Names in Swedish are provided.
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