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- Kalantari, Zahra, et al.
(författare)
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Nature-based solutions to global environmental challenges
- 2023
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Ingår i: Science of the Total Environment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0048-9697 .- 1879-1026. ; 880, s. 163227-
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Nature-based solutions (NBS) supply many ecosystem services key to wellbeing. There is evidence that several ecosystems that serve as NBS (e.g., forests) are being threatened by land use and climate change. Urban expansion and agriculture intensification is imposing an extensive degradation in several ecosystems, increasing human vulnerability to climate change-related events. Therefore, it is key to rethink how to develop strategies that minimize these effects. Halt ecosystem degradation and establishing NBS in areas of high human pressure (e.g., urban and agriculture) is essential to reduce environmental impacts. Numerous NBS can be helpful in agriculture (e.g., retention of crop residues/mulching) to reduce erosion or diffuse pollution or in urban areas (e.g., urban green spaces) to mitigate urban heat island effects or floods. Although these measures are important, it is crucial to raise awareness among the stakeholders, assess case by case and minimize the tradeoffs associated with the NBS application (e.g., area needed). Overall, NBS are vital in addressing present and future global environmental challenges.
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- Masala, Silvia, et al.
(författare)
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Determination of benzo(a)pyrene and dibenzopyrenes in a Chinese coal fly ash Certified Reference Material
- 2012
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Ingår i: Science of the Total Environment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0048-9697 .- 1879-1026. ; 432, s. 97-102
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Air pollution from coal combustion is of great concern in China because coal is the country's principal source of energy and it has been estimated that coal combustion is one of the main sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emissions in the nation. This study reports the concentrations of 15 PAHs including benzo[a]pyrene, dibenzo[a,l]pyrene, dibenzo[a,e]pyrene, dibenzo[a,i]pyrene and dibenzo[a,h]pyrene in a coal fly ash certified reference material (CRM) from China. To the best of our knowledge, dibenzo[a,l]pyrene, dibenzo[a,i]pyrene and dibenzo[a,h]pyrene concentrations in coal fly ash particles have not previously been reported. Benzo[a]pyrene is the only one of the studied hydrocarbons whose concentration in the coal fly ash CRM had previously been certified. The concentration of this species measured in this present work was twice the certified value. This is probably because of the exhaustive accelerated solvent extraction method employed. Consecutive extractions indicated an extraction recovery in excess of 95% for benzo[a]pyrene. For the other determined PAHs, repeat extractions indicated recoveries above 90%.
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- Berglund, Olof, et al.
(författare)
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Organochlorine accumulation and stable isotope ratios in an Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) population from the Baltic Sea
- 2001
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Ingår i: Science of the Total Environment. - 1879-1026. ; 281:1-3, s. 141-151
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We investigated the organochlorine accumulation (p,p′-DDE and ∑PCB) and stable isotope ratios (N and C) in a migrating salmon (Salmo salar) population in the Baltic Sea. ∂15N in the entire population ranged from 11.7 to 13.7‰ and ∂13C ranged from −22.0 to −19.6‰. In the entire population, ∂15N were weakly related to p,p′-DDE and ∑PCB concentrations (r2=0.20 and 0.14, respectively). However, lipid content was a better predictor of organochlorine (OC) concentrations (r2=0.48 and 0.50, respectively). Lipid adjusted ∑PCB concentrations were not related to ∂15N, and lipid adjusted p,p′-DDE concentrations were only weakly related (r2=0.12). We divided the salmon population into three groups representing reproductive strategies: small males <5 kg (SM); large males >5 kg (LM); and females (F). ∂15N varied between the three reproductive strategies. The mean ∂15N for SM was 12.7±0.3‰, for F was 12.9±0.3‰, and for LM equalled 13.2±0.3‰. Lipid adjusted OC concentrations differed between the three reproductive strategies, with the females having the highest concentrations. We conclude that the ∂15N varied between reproductive strategies indicating differences in prey choice, but the lipid content was better able to predict OC concentrations than the trophic position of the salmon.
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