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- Carter, Stephen F., et al.
(författare)
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Evidence for Astrocytosis in Prodromal Alzheimer Disease Provided by C-11-Deuterium-L-Deprenyl : A Multitracer PET Paradigm Combining C-11-Pittsburgh Compound B and F-18-FDG
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Nuclear Medicine. - : Society of Nuclear Medicine. - 0161-5505 .- 1535-5667 .- 2159-662X. ; 53:1, s. 37-46
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Astrocytes colocalize with fibrillar amyloid-beta (A beta) plaques in postmortem Alzheimer disease (AD) brain tissue. It is therefore of great interest to develop a PET tracer for visualizing astrocytes in vivo, enabling the study of the regional distribution of both astrocytes and fibrillar A beta. A multitracer PET investigation was conducted for patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), patients with mild AD, and healthy controls using C-11-deuterium-L-deprenyl (C-11-DED) to measure monoamine oxidase B located in astrocytes. Along with C-11-DED PET, C-11-Pittsburgh compound B (C-11-PIB; fibrillar A beta deposition), F-18-FDG (glucose metabolism), T1 MRI, cerebrospinal fluid, and neuropsychologic data were acquired from the patients. Methods: C-11-DED PET was performed in MCI patients (n = 8; mean age 6 SD, 62.6 +/- 7.5 y; mean Mini Mental State Examination, 27.5 +/- 2.1), AD patients (n = 7; mean age, 65.1 +/- 6.3 y; mean Mini Mental State Examination, 24.4 +/- 5.7), and healthy age-matched controls (n = 14; mean age, 64.7 +/- 3.6 y). A modified reference Patlak model, with cerebellar gray matter as a reference, was chosen for kinetic analysis of the C-11-DED data. C-11-DED data from 20 to 60 min were analyzed using a digital brain atlas. Mean regional F-18-FDG uptake and C-11-PIB retention were calculated for each patient, with cerebellar gray matter as a reference. Results: ANOVA analysis of the regional C-11-DED binding data revealed a significant group effect in the bilateral frontal and bilateral parietal cortices related to increased binding in the MCI patients. All patients, except 3 with MCI, showed high C-11-PIB retention. Increased C-11-DED binding in most cortical and subcortical regions was observed in MCI C-11-PIB+ patients relative to controls, MCI C-11-PIB (negative) patients, and AD patients. No regional correlations were found between the 3 PET tracers. Conclusion: Increased C-11-DED binding throughout the brain of the MCI C-11-PIB+ patients potentially suggests that astrocytosis is an early phenomenon in AD development.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Rodriguez-Vieitez, Elena, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of Early-Phase C-11-Deuterium-L-Deprenyl and C-11-Pittsburgh Compound B PET for Assessing Brain Perfusion in Alzheimer Disease
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Nuclear Medicine. - : Society of Nuclear Medicine. - 0161-5505 .- 1535-5667 .- 2159-662X. ; 57:7, s. 1071-1077
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The PET tracer C-11-deuterium-L-deprenyl (C-11-DED) has been used to visualize activated astrocytes in vivo in patients with Alzheimer disease (AD). In this multitracer PET study, early-phase C-11-DED and C-11-Pittsburgh compound B (C-11-PiB) (eDED and ePiB, respectively) were compared as surrogate markers of brain perfusion, and the extent to which C-11-DED binding is influenced by brain perfusion was investigated. METHODS: C-11-DED, C-11-PiB, and F-18-FDG dynamic PET scans were obtained in age-matched groups comprising AD patients (n = 8), patients with mild cognitive impairment (n = 17), and healthy controls (n = 16). A modified reference Patlak model was used to quantify C-11-DED binding. A simplified reference tissue model was applied to both C-11-DED and C-11-PiB to measure brain perfusion relative to the cerebellar gray matter (R-1) and binding potentials. C-11-PiB retention and F-18-FDG uptake were also quantified as target-to-pons SUV ratios in 12 regions of interest (ROIs). RESULTS: The strongest within-subject correlations with the corresponding R-1 values (R-1,R-DED and R-1,R-PiB, respectively) and with F-18-FDG uptake were obtained when the eDED and ePiB PET data were measured 1-4 min after injection. The optimum eDED/ePiB intervals also showed strong, significant ROI-based intersubject Pearson correlations with R-1,R-DED/R-1,R-PiB and with F-18-FDG uptake, whereas C-11-DED binding was largely independent of brain perfusion, as measured by eDED. Corresponding voxelwise correlations confirmed the ROI-based results. Temporoparietal eDED or ePiB brain perfusion measurements were highly discriminative between patient and control groups, with discriminative ability statistically comparable to that of temporoparietal F-18-FDG glucose metabolism. Hypometabolism extended over wider regions than hypoperfusion in patient groups compared with controls. CONCLUSION: The 1- to 4-min early-frame intervals of C-11-DED or C-11-PiB are suitable surrogate measures for brain perfusion. C-11-DED binding is independent of brain perfusion, and thus C-11-DED PET can provide information on both functional (brain perfusion) and pathologic (astrocytosis) aspects from a single PET scan. In comparison with glucose metabolism, early-phase C-11-DED and C-11-PiB perfusion appear to provide complementary rather than redundant information.
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