| 1. |
- Andersson, Fredrik, et al.
(author)
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Transparency preference and economic behavior
- 1998
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In: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization. - 0167-2681. ; 37:3, s. 56-349
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- It is shown that decision makers guided by Popperian epistemology will have a preference for transparency, even in situations where standard economic theory provides no rationale for such a preference. This provides a Popperian resolution of the Ellsberg paradox, and a rationale for suspicion in experiments as well as in economic life.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Lindh, Thomas
(author)
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The inconsistency of consistent conjectures : Coming back to Cournot
- 1992
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In: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization. - 0167-2681 .- 1879-1751. ; 18:1, s. 69-90
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Conjectural variation models have been criticized because firms are ‘right for the wrong reasons’, and because possible equilibria are abundant Lately several papers have attempted to meet these difficulties by some condition of consistency or rationality on the conjectural variation This paper shows that stronger versions of such conditions lead into paradoxes, while the weaker forms are of little use in solving the conceived problems The original Cournot assumption actually satisfies consistency enterions The problems with consistent conjectures illuminates fundmental problems with too demanding information assumptions like perfect foresight Such assumptions may create non-trivial structures of self-reference.
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| 4. |
- Puu, Tönu, 1936-
(author)
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The chaotic duopolists revisited
- 1998
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In: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization. - 0167-2681 .- 1879-1751. ; 33:3-4, s. 385-394
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The adjustment process of three oligopolists is studied, under Cournot and Stackelberg action. It is demonstrated that with an iso-elastic demand function and constant marginal costs, the system can result in periodic or in chaotic behaviour. In particular, the case with two identical and one different oligopolists is focused, which turns into a virtual duopoly, though displaying a wider set of bifurcations than can occur in genuine duopoly.
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| 5. |
- Adermon, Adrian, 1981-, et al.
(author)
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Piracy and Music Sales : The Effects of An Anti-Piracy Law
- 2014
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In: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization. - : Elsevier. - 0167-2681 .- 1879-1751. ; 105, s. 90-106
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The implementation of a copyright protection reform in Sweden in April 2009 suddenly increased the risk of being caught and punished for illegal file sharing. This paper investigates the impact of the reform on illegal file sharing and music sales using a difference-in-differences approach with Norway and Finland as control groups. We find that the reform decreased Internet traffic by 16% and increased music sales by 36% during the first six months. Pirated music therefore seems to be a strong substitute to legal music. However, the reform effects disappeared almost completely after six months, likely because of the weak enforcement of the law.
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| 6. |
- Ahlin, Christian, et al.
(author)
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Loan contract structure and adverse selection : Survey evidence from Uganda
- 2020
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In: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-2681 .- 1879-1751. ; 172, s. 180-195
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- While adverse selection is an important theoretical explanation for credit rationing it is difficult to quantify empirically. Many studies measure the elasticity of credit demand of existing or previous borrowers as opposed to the population at large; other studies use cross-sectional approaches that may confound borrower risk with other factors. We circumvent both issues by surveying a representative sample of microenterprises in urban Uganda and by measuring their responses to multiple hypothetical contract offers, varying in interest rates and collateral requirements. The two seminal theories on selection provide contradicting predictions following a change in the contractual terms. Under adverse selection, a lower interest rate or a lower collateral obligation should increase take up among less risky borrowers. By contrast, advantageous selection implies that take up should increase among the riskier borrowers. We test these two predictions by examining if firm owners respond to changes in the interest rate or the collateral requirement and whether higher take up varies by firms' risk type. We find support for the presence of adverse selection as contracts with lower interest rates or lower collateral obligations increase hypothetical demand - especially for less risky firms. Our results imply that changes to the standard loan product available to microenterprises may have substantial effects on credit demand.
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| 7. |
- Akay, Alpaslan, 1975, et al.
(author)
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Offshoring and well-being of workers
- 2022
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In: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-2681 .- 1879-1751. ; 200, s. 388-407
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Using long panels of industry-specific offshoring information and subjectively reported well-being datasets mainly from Germany, which is also supported by datasets from the UK and Australia, this paper aims to investigate the relationship between offshoring and workers' subjective well-being in the source country. We employ panel data fixed-effects models with time-variant personality measures and industry-specific measures to alleviate the bias stemming from the non-random sorting of individuals in industries. Our findings suggest that offshoring negatively relates to workers' subjective well-being. The result is unexceptionally consistent across Germany, the UK, and Australia, and the effect is larger in business services and among high-skilled workers. We extensively discuss how contextual "fear-factors" prevailing in the source countries interact with the angst generated by the negative framing of offshoring. To single out such angst, we first show that objective and subjective job security concerns, job characteristics, and labor market conditions only marginally relate to the well-being effect of offshoring. Then, we investigate how the effect of offshoring on well-being is amplified by a larger set of contextual factors pertaining to temporary economic shocks, negative narratives about offshoring during electoral cycles, partisan political preferences, and high immigration rates. Finally, we show that a recent skill upgrade significantly diminishes the negative effect of offshoring on well-being.(c) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ )
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| 8. |
- Akay, Alpaslan, 1975, et al.
(author)
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Relative concerns of rural-to-urban migrants in China
- 2012
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In: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-2681. ; 81, s. 421-441
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- As their environment changes, migrants constitute an interesting group to study the effect of relative income on subjective well-being. This paper focuses on the huge population of rural-to-urban migrants in China. Using a novel dataset, we find that the well-being of migrants depends on several reference groups: it is negatively affected by the income of other migrants and workers of home regions; in contrast, we identify a positive, 'signal' effect vis-à-vis urban workers: larger urban incomes indicate higher income prospects for the migrants. These effects are particularly strong for migrants who wish to settle permanently, decline with years since migrations and change with other characteristics including work conditions and community ties. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.
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| 9. |
- Akay, Alpaslan, 1975, et al.
(author)
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The impact of immigration on the well-being of natives
- 2014
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In: Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-2681. ; 103, s. 72-92
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Combining data from the German Socio-Economic Panel for 1998-2009 with local labor market information, this is the first paper to investigate how the spatial concentration of immigrants affects the life satisfaction of the native Germans. Our results show a positive and robust effect of immigration on natives' well-being, which is not driven by local labor market characteristics. Immigration has only a weak impact on the subjective well-being of immigrant groups, meanwhile. We also examine potential threats to causality and conclude that our findings are not driven by selectivity and reverse causality. Specifically, natives are not crowded out by immigrants and the sorting of immigrants to regions with higher native happiness is negligible. We further find that the positive effect of immigration on natives' life satisfaction is a function of the assimilation of immigrants in the region. Immigration's well-being effect is higher in regions with intermediate assimilation levels and is essentially zero in regions with no or complete assimilation. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 10. |
- Aldén, Lina, 1979-, et al.
(author)
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Culture and the gender gap in choice of major : An analysis using sibling comparisons
- 2022
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In: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization. - : Elsevier. - 0167-2681 .- 1879-1751. ; 201, s. 346-373
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We study if there is an association between culture on gender roles and the gender gap in choice of major. For this purpose, we use the epidemiological approach and sibling comparisons. We find that the gender gap in STEM is smaller for individuals who originate in countries where women are more likely, relative to men, to major in STEM. We observe a similar pattern when we study the probability to major in a male- or female-dominated field. We present suggestive evidence that cultural beliefs explain our results. Thus, to limit gender segregation in education this study points to the importance of changing gendered beliefs about educational choices. However, the results indicate that the gender convergence in STEM and male-dominated fields is driven by the fact that men, not women, choose less gender-typical majors. This suggests that to increase women’s participation in STEM and male-dominated fields, policies in other areas, e.g., directed towards changing workplace characteristics, may also be necessary.
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