| 1. |
- Elert, Niklas, et al.
(författare)
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The impact of entrepreneurship education in high school on long-term entrepreneurial performance
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization. - : Elsevier. - 0167-2681 .- 1879-1751. ; 111, s. 209-223
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper studies the long-term impact of entrepreneurship education and training in high school on entrepreneurial entry, performance, and survival. Using propensity score matching, we compare three Swedish cohorts from junior Achievement Company Program (JACP) alumni with a matched sample of similar individuals and follow these for up to 16 years after graduation. We find that while JACP participation increases the long-term probability of starting a firm as well as entrepreneurial incomes, there is no effect on firm survival.
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| 2. |
- Halvarsson, Daniel, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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Entrepreneurship and income inequality
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization. - : North Holland Publishing Company. - 0167-2681 .- 1879-1751. ; 145, s. 275-293
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Entrepreneurship research highlights entrepreneurship as a simultaneous source of enhanced income mobility for some but a potential source of poverty for others. Research on inequality has furthered new types of models to decompose and problematize various sources of income inequality, but attention to entrepreneurship as an increasingly prevalent occupational choice in these models remains scant. This paper seeks to bridge these two literatures using regression-based income decomposition among entrepreneurs and paid workers distinguishing between self-employed (SE) and incorporated self-employed (ISE) individuals in Sweden. We find that the proportion of self-employed in the workforce increases income dispersion by way of widening the bottom end of the distribution, whereas the proportion of incorporated self-employed contributes to income dispersion at the top end of the distribution. Implications for research are discussed. (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
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| 3. |
- Hansson, Kajsa, et al.
(författare)
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Losing sense of fairness: How information about a level playing field reduces selfish behavior
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization. - : Elsevier. - 0167-2681 .- 1879-1751. ; 190, s. 66-75
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Inaccurate beliefs about procedural fairness often motivate people to act in self-serving and selfish manners. We investigate whether information about a level playing field might mitigate such behaviors. In a pre-registered behavioral experiment ( n = 4 4 4), using a competitive and real-effort task, we manipulate whether participants are informed about the fairness of a competition or not. Following the competition, participants (who either won or lost the competition) decided how to distribute earnings between themselves and their opponent. We show that informing participants about the fairness of the competition reduces selfish behavior among losers, while behavior among winners remains unaffected. Moreover, we show that losers who were not informed about the fairness of the competition incorrectly viewed it as having been unfairly stacked against them (i.e., believing that they encountered significantly more difficult tasks than their opponents). Our findings suggest that information about a level playing field reduces selfish behavior and is important for understanding when and why motivated reasoning about procedural fairness helps people uphold a positive self-image. (c) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ )
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| 4. |
- Holm, Jerker, et al.
(författare)
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Intra-generational trust - A semi-experimental study of trust among different generations
- 2005
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Ingår i: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-2681 .- 1879-1751. ; 58:3, s. 403-419
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- From a public database in Sweden we obtained a subject pool consisting of one group of 20 years old and another group exactly 50 years older. The groups participated in a mail-based trust game, in which the young cohort exhibited more trust than the older one. Subjects significantly preferred to place trust in co-players of their own cohort and of the female sex. When amounts sent and proportions returned in the mail-based game are compared with other trust games conducted in standard laboratory environments, it is found that the mail-based game does not seem to generate extreme distributions. © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 5. |
- Persson, Emil, et al.
(författare)
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Opportunity cost neglect in public policy
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization. - : ELSEVIER. - 0167-2681 .- 1879-1751. ; 170, s. 301-312
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Opportunity cost is the foregone benefit of options not chosen. If opportunity costs are neglected in decisions about public policy, there is a high risk that the best options are overlooked. We study opportunity cost neglect in public policy in experiments with members of the general public in Sweden and international experts on priority setting in health care (n = 957). We find strong evidence of opportunity cost neglect in public policy, where participants who acted in the role of policy makers were between six and ten percentage points less likely to invest in a public health program when reminded about opportunity costs (money could fund other health programs). To our surprise, we failed to confirm an effect consistent with opportunity cost neglect in private consumption; but exploratory analyses revealed a substantial age effect that reconciles our findings with previous literature. Young participants showed opportunity cost neglect, while the effect was reversed for old participants. The implications of opportunity cost neglect for public policy are substantial, including misallocation of public resources and an artificially high demand for public spending. (C) 2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.
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| 6. |
- Persson, Emil
(författare)
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Testing the impact of frustration and anger when responsibility is low
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-2681 .- 1879-1751. ; 145, s. 435-448
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Anger is a powerful emotion and it is important to understand its role in human interaction. Angry individuals may become hostile in their dealings with others, and this has strategic consequences. Battigalli, Dufwenberg, and Smith (2015; BDS) develop a formal framework where frustration and anger affect interaction and shape economic outcomes. This paper presents an experiment designed to test predictions based on versions of the theory that involve no or low responsibility of the punished person. In this specific context, I find only limited, support for the theory: While unfulfilled expectations about material pay-offs generate negative emotions in subjects (which is in line with BDS' conceptualization of frustration), these emotions do not affect subjects' behavior in the experiment. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 7. |
- Tinghög, Gustav, et al.
(författare)
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Gender differences in financial literacy : The role of stereotype threat
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization. - : Elsevier. - 0167-2681 .- 1879-1751. ; 192, s. 405-416
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Understanding why women display less financial literacy than men is crucial for developing policies to reduce gender inequalities and improve womens financial behavior. In a series of studies, we investigate whether the observed gender gap in financial literacy can be identified in nonnumerical contexts, if it can be related to confidence in financial matters, and if it can be attributed to stereotype threat, which posits that inbuilt prejudices about gender and finance undermine performance among women in tasks involving finance. We utilized data from the Swedish Standardized Scholastic Aptitude Test ( n = 40,662) to investigate if there is a greater difference in reading comprehension between men and women when reading about topics related to finance. Furthermore, we conducted large-scale online data collection ( n = 1989), including a survey on financial vocabulary and an experiment that manipulated the salience of the financial content across conditions when assessing financial literacy. The results show that the observed gender gap in financial literacy is robust also in a nonnumerical financial contexts and that it can not be attributed to a difference in (displayed) confidence. Finally, mediation analysis showed a significant indirect effect of gender on financial literacy through financial anxiety suggesting that a stereotype threat for women in the financial domain contributes to the observed gender gap. (c) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )
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