| 1. |
- Hillbertz, Nicolette Salmon, et al.
(författare)
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Viral and Molecular Aspects of Oral Cancer
- 2012
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Ingår i: Anticancer Research. - 0250-7005 .- 1791-7530. ; 32:10, s. 4201-4212
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common epithelial malignancy in the oral cavity. SCCs and their variants constitute over 90% of oral malignancies, and the disease is associated with poor prognosis. OSCC is a complex malignancy where environmental factors, virus infections, and genetic alterations most likely interact, and thus give rise to the malignant condition. Herein, we review the available literature regarding high-risk factors such as alcohol and tobacco usage; discuss the roles of human papillomaviruses (HPV), the Epstein-Barr virus, and the human herpes simplex virus (HSV); and evaluate several candidate genes associated with the condition: p53, p16(INK4) and p21(WAF1/CIP1) survivin, B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2), keratins, Fibroblast growth factor 3 (FGF3), FGF4, FGF19, Oral cancer overexpressed gene 1 (ORAOV1), and Cyclin D1 (CCND1).
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| 2. |
- Jalouli, Jamshid, et al.
(författare)
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Human Papilloma Virus, Herpes Simplex Virus and Epstein Barr Virus in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma from Eight Different Countries
- 2012
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Ingår i: Anticancer Research. - 0250-7005 .- 1791-7530. ; 32:2, s. 571-580
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a major health problem in many parts of the world, and the major causative agents are thought to he the use of alcohol and tobacco. Oncogenic viruses have also been suggested to be involved in OSCC development. This study investigated the prevalence of human papillomaviruses (HPV), herpes simplex virus (HSV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in 155 OSCC from eight different countries from different ethnic groups, continents and with different socioeconomic backgrounds. 41 A total of OSCCs were diagnosed in the tongue (26%) and 23 in the floor of the mouth (15%); the other 91 OSCCs were diagnosed in other locations (59%). The patients were also investigated regarding the use of alcohol and smoking and smokeless tobacco habits. Tissue samples were obtained from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples of the OSCC. DNA was extracted and the viral genome was examined by single, nested and seminested PCR assays. Sequencing of double-stranded DNA from the PCR product was carried out. Following sequencing of the HPV-, HSV- and EBV-positive PCR products, 100% homology between the sampels was found. Of all the 155 OSCCs examined, 85 (55%) were positive for EBV, 54 (35%) for HPV and 24 (15%) for HSV. The highest prevalence of HPV was seen in Sudan (65%), while HSV (55%) and EBV (80%) were most prevalent in the UK. In 34% (52/155) of all the samples examined, co-infection by two (46/155=30%) or three (6/155=4%) virus specimens was detected. The most frequent double infection was HPV with EBV in 21% (32/155) of all OSCCs. There was a statistically significant higher proportion of samples with HSV (p=0.026) and EBV (p=0.015) in industrialized countries (Sweden, Norway, UK and USA) as compared to developing countries (Sudan, India, Sri Lanka and Yemen). Furthermore, there was a statistically significant higher co-infection of HSV and EBV in samples from industrialized countries (p=0.00031). No firm conclusions could be drawn regarding the relationship between alcohol, tobacco and virus infections. The significance of our findings must be put in relation to other risk factors and these observations warrant further studies to determine the possible role of viral infections and co-infections with HPV, EBV and HSV as risk markers for the development of OSCC.
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| 3. |
- Jalouli, Miranda M., et al.
(författare)
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Differential Expression of Apoptosis, Cell Cycle Regulation and Intermediate Filament Genes in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas Associated with Toombak Use in Sudan
- 2011
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Ingår i: Anticancer Research. - 0250-7005 .- 1791-7530. ; 31:10, s. 3345-3351
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previously we used microarray genomic hybridization technology to explore genome-wide profiles of chromosomal aberrations in samples of oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) and paired normal controls. Based on these findings, 9 genes related to apoptosis, cell cycle regulation and intermediate filament proteins were selected and their differential expression status was examined by real-time quantitative RT-PCR in 26 samples of Sudanese OSCCs and their matched normal controls. The findings were correlated with the habit of toombak use. The mRNA levels of Bcl2, keratin 1, keratin 13 and p53 were significantly lower and the level of survivin was significantly higher in the OSCC samples of the toombak users compared to their paired control samples. A significant down-regulation in keratin I and keratin 13 expression levels was found in the OSCC samples of the non-toombak users compared to their normal control samples. The differential expression of genes related to apoptosis, cell cycle regulation and types I and II keratin could be useful diagnostic markers and provide valuable information for the understanding of oral malignancy in relation to toombak use.
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