| 1. |
- Backman, Samuel, et al.
(författare)
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Detection of Somatic Mutations in Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors Using Targeted Deep Sequencing
- 2017
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Ingår i: Anticancer Research. - : Anticancer Research USA Inc.. - 0250-7005 .- 1791-7530. ; 37:2, s. 705-712
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mutations affecting the mechanistic target of rapamycin (MTOR) signalling pathway are frequent in human cancer and have been identified in up to 15% of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (NETs). Grade A evidence supports the efficacy of MTOR inhibition with everolimus in pancreatic NETs. Although a significant proportion of patients experience disease stabilization, only a minority will show objective tumour responses. It has been proposed that genomic mutations resulting in activation of MTOR signalling could be used to predict sensitivity to everolimus.PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with NETs that underwent treatment with everolimus at our Institution were identified and those with available tumour tissue were selected for further analysis. Targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) was used to re-sequence 22 genes that were selected on the basis of documented involvement in the MTOR signalling pathway or in the tumourigenesis of gastroenterpancreatic NETs. Radiological responses were documented using Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours.RESULTS: Six patients were identified, one had a partial response and four had stable disease. Sequencing of tumour tissue resulted in a median sequence depth of 667.1 (range=404-1301) with 1-fold coverage of 95.9-96.5% and 10-fold coverage of 87.6-92.2%. A total of 494 genetic variants were discovered, four of which were identified as pathogenic. All pathogenic variants were validated using Sanger sequencing and were found exclusively in menin 1 (MEN1) and death domain associated protein (DAXX) genes. No mutations in the MTOR pathway-related genes were observed.CONCLUSION: Targeted NGS is a feasible method with high diagnostic yield for genetic characterization of pancreatic NETs. A potential association between mutations in NETs and response to everolimus should be investigated by future studies.
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| 2. |
- Blomberg, Carl, et al.
(författare)
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Randomized Trials of Systemic Medically-treated Malignant Mesothelioma : A Systematic Review
- 2015
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Ingår i: Anticancer Research. - 0250-7005 .- 1791-7530. ; 35:5, s. 2493-2501
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare but aggressive malignancy mainly localized to the pleura. Malignant mesothelioma grows highly invasive into surrounding tissue and has a low tendency to metastasize. The median overall survival (OS) of locally advanced or metastatic disease without treatment is 4-13 months but, during recent years, improvement in survival has been achieved since treatment for patients with mesothelioma has improved with better palliative care, systemic medical treatment, surgery and improved diagnostics methods. The present review aims at describing available data from randomized trials considering systemic medical treatment for this patient category.
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| 3. |
- Dimberg, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic Variants of the IL2 Gene Related to Risk and Survival in Patients With Colorectal Cancer
- 2019
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Ingår i: Anticancer Research. - : Anticancer Research USA Inc.. - 0250-7005 .- 1791-7530. ; 39:9, s. 4933-4940
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Interleukin 2 (IL2) is a significant factor activating T-cell-mediated immune response by stimulation of natural killer cells, T-cells and in development of regulatory T (Treg) cells. Recent studies have that IL2 participates in cancer development by modifying the local immune response. Based on the suggested role of the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs2069762, rs6822844 and rs11938795 of IL2 in the pathogenesis of certain diseases, the relationship of these SNPs with clinicopathological variables and their possible implication for prognosis and disease outcome were evaluated in a cohort of Swedish patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Materials and Methods: TaqMan SNP genotype assays based on polymerase chain reaction were used for analysis of the IL2 SNPs in 467 patients with CRC and 467 healthy controls. Expression analysis of IL2 in plasma and CRC tissue was also performed. Results: The allelic variants T in rs11938795 and G in rs6822844 were significantly associated with a higher risk of CRC. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that cancer-specific survival was worse for individuals with C allele for rs2069762 with stage II CRC and with T allele for rs6822844 with stage III CRC. Conclusion: SNPs rs2069762, rs6822844 and rs11938795 of the IL2 gene may be helpful as prognostic biomarkers in the follow-up and management of the patients.
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| 4. |
- Falk Delgado, Alberto, et al.
(författare)
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Complete Lymph Node Dissection in Melanoma : A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
- 2017
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Ingår i: Anticancer Research. - : Anticancer Research USA Inc.. - 0250-7005 .- 1791-7530. ; 37:12, s. 6825-6829
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The aim of this meta-analysis was to estimate the survival after immediate complete lymph node dissection (CLND) compared to observation only (OO) or delayed CLND in patients with melanoma and lymph node metastasis.Materials and Methods: A systematic search was performed in: PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Clinical trials and Embase. Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing: CLND with OO, or immediate CLND with delayed CLND.Results: Four RCTs were included. There was no difference in melanoma-specific survival (MSS) (HR=0.91, 95% CI=0.77-1.08, p=0.29). In a sensitivity analysis, MSS was higher after immediate CLND compared to delayed CLND in patients with nodal metastasis (HR=0.63, 95% CI=0.35-0.74, p=0.0004) without evidence of heterogeneity.Conclusion: CLND appears to have no additional survival benefit after SNB compared to OO. However, subgroup analysis suggests a time-dependent benefit for early surgical lymph node removal compared to delayed or none.
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| 5. |
- Falk Delgado, Alberto, et al.
(författare)
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Inconsistent Reporting Between Meta-analysis Protocol and Publication – A Cross-Sectional Study
- 2017
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Ingår i: Anticancer Research. - : Anticancer Research USA Inc.. - 0250-7005 .- 1791-7530. ; 37:9, s. 5101-5107
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Inconsistent reporting in published meta-analyses compared to registered protocol are poorly understood. The aim of the study was to assess inconsistencies between registered protocols and published reports among oncology drug meta-analyses.Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed including oncology drug meta-analyses published between January 1st and November 14th 2016 with a published protocol. Two investigators extracted data on: selection criteria, outcome(s) and statistical plan in protocol and manuscript, plus self-acknowledgement of inconsistent reporting between protocol and publication.Results: Protocol registration was present in 19% (23/119) of all oncology drug meta-analyses. In meta-analyses with protocol (n= 23), 70% (16/23) had issues with inconsistent reporting between protocol and published report concerning; inclusion criteria, comparator group, intervention, outcome (PICO) or statistical analysis. Self-acknowledgement of changes between protocol and publication was found in 50% (8/16).Conclusion: In meta-analyses with protocol, discrepancies between registered protocols and publications are frequent.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Frobom, Robin, et al.
(författare)
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Biochemical Inhibition of DOG1/TMEM16A Achieves Antitumoral Effects in Human Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor Cells In Vitro
- 2019
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Ingår i: Anticancer Research. - : INT INST ANTICANCER RESEARCH. - 0250-7005 .- 1791-7530. ; 39:7, s. 3433-3442
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background/Aim: DOG1 is a calcium-activated chloride channel that has gained attention as a promising drug target due to its involvement in several processes essential for tumor development and progression. DOG1 is overexpressed in >95% of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST). The aim was to determine DOG1 inhibition antitumoral effects on GIST. Materials and Methods: Human GIST (GIST-T1 and GIST882) cell lines were used to study the effect of DOG1 inhibitors on chloride currents, viability, colony formation, and cell cycle. Results: CaCCinh-A01 decreased chloride currents. CaCCinh-A01 and T16(inh)-A01 reduced GIST cell viability and CaCCinh-A01 affected cell cycle distribution leading to G(1) cell-cycle arrest. CaCCinh-A01 also increased the sub-G(1) phase population, indicative of apoptosis, in GIST882. CaCCinh-A01 strongly reduced the colony forming ability of the cells, whereas T16(inh)-A01 did not. Conclusion: DOG1 inhibition has antitumoral effects in GIST cells in vitro, and could potentially serve as a target for GIST therapy.
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| 8. |
- Hakelius, Malin, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Normal oral keratinocytes and head and neck squamous carcinoma cells induce an innate response in fibroblasts
- 2016
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Ingår i: Anticancer Research. - 0250-7005 .- 1791-7530. ; 36:5, s. 2131-2137
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Tumor stroma is similar to the connective tissue of chronic inflammation. The extracellular matrix of tumors is formed by cancer-associated fibroblasts that also modulate the inflammatory response. Materials and Methods: We studied the ability of oral keratinocytes (NOK) and oral squamous cell carcinoma cells (SCC) to induce an innate immune response in fibroblasts. Co-cultures with fibroblasts in collagen gels and keratinocytes in inserts were used. Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) was used as an indicator of an innate immune response. Results: SCC and NOK up-regulated fibroblast mRNA expression and protein release of PTX3. mRNA levels were more pronounced in cultures with malignant cells. The induction of PTX3 was abrogated by an interleukin-1 receptor antagonist Conclusion: Keratinocytes have the capacity to induce an interleukin-1-dependent innate immune response by fibroblasts in vitro. This could be important for subsequent fibroblast modulation of the inflammatory reaction in non-malignant and malignant disease processes.
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| 9. |
- Holgersson, Georg, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of Increased Radiotoxicity on Survival of Patients with Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Curatively Intended Radiotherapy
- 2015
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Ingår i: Anticancer Research. - 0250-7005 .- 1791-7530. ; 35:10, s. 5491-5497
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To elucidate the impact of different forms of radiation toxicities (esophagitis, radiation pneumonitis, mucositis and hoarseness), on the survival of patients treated with curatively intended radiotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Patients and Methods: Data were individually collected retrospectively for all patients diagnosed with NSCLC subjected to curatively intended radiotherapy (>= 50 Gy) in Sweden during the time period 1990 to 2000.Results: Esophagitis was the only radiation-induced toxicity with an impact on survival (hazard ratio=0.83, p=0.016). However, in a multivariate model, with clinical-and treatment-related factors taken into consideration, the impact of esophagitis on survival was no longer statistically significant (hazard ratio=0.88, p=0.17).Conclusion: The effect on survival seen in univariate analysis may be related to higher radiation dose and to the higher prevalence of chemotherapy in this group. The results do not suggest that the toxicities examined have any detrimental effect on overall survival.
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| 10. |
- Johansson, Andreas K., et al.
(författare)
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Neurovascular Bundle Infiltration Can Explain Local Relapses Using Conformal Radiotherapy of Prostate Cancer.
- 2017
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Ingår i: Anticancer Research. - : Anticancer Research USA Inc.. - 0250-7005 .- 1791-7530. ; 37:4, s. 1825-1830
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To quantify the impact of decreased margins for two treatment techniques, three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) and volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT), on local control in curative treatment of prostate cancer.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The planning target volume (PTV) margins were decreased in steps of 1 mm from 10 to 1 mm. Treatment plans using 3D-CRT and VMAT technique were produced for all margin sizes and the dose to the neuro vascular bundles (NVB), that was not included in the PTV, was investigated.RESULTS: Due to the more conformal dose delivery using VMAT, the dose to the NVB decreased more rapidly by VMAT compared to the 3D-CRT plans. The dose difference was significant for margins from 1-7 mm.CONCLUSION: One should be very cautious before clinical routines are changed, bearing in mind whether the change means more conformal treatment technique, smaller margins or target segmentation in different imaging modalities.
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