| 1. |
- Axelson, Olav, 1937-, et al.
(författare)
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Multiple sclerosis and ionizing radiation.
- 2001
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Ingår i: Neuroepidemiology. - : S. Karger AG. - 0251-5350 .- 1423-0208. ; 120, s. 175-178
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The etiology of multiple sclerosis (MS) may involve exposure to infectious, chemical or physical agents damaging the blood-brain barrier and an autoimmune reaction against myelin breakdown products. Here we report a pooled analysis of 174 MS cases and 815 population controls from two case-control studies with regard to such a potentially damaging exposure, namely X-ray examinations, radiological work and treatment with ionizing radiation. Exposure was assessed by questionnaires to the subjects. We obtained odds ratios of 4.4 (95% confidence interval, CI, 1.6-11.6) and 1.8 (95% CI 1.2-2.6) for radiological work and X-ray examinations, respectively, 5 cases, but no controls, in one of the studies had been treated with ionizing radiation. Our data and some other observations reported in the literature suggest a contributory role for ionizing radiation to the development of MS in some cases.
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| 2. |
- Boström, Inger, et al.
(författare)
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Mortality Statistics Studies of Multiple Sclerosis and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in Sweden
- 2012
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Ingår i: Neuroepidemiology. - : S. Karger. - 0251-5350 .- 1423-0208. ; 38:4, s. 245-249
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are chronic neurologic diseases where distinct explanations of the pathogenesis are lacking. Two large Swedish register studies have rather unexpectedly detected a correlation between MS and ALS.The aim of this study was to investigate if an association between ALS and MS could be demonstrated as has been shown earlier.Material and methods: Data on mortality from ALS and MS, 1990-2010 were collected from the Swedish national statistics office. In all there were 5,696 deaths due to ALS and 3,941 deaths due to MS. Age- and sex-adjusted mortality rates were calculated.Results: There was no correlation between the mortality rates of ALS and MS in the 21 counties of Sweden for the period 1990 to 2010 (Spearman’s rho = - 0.052; p = 0.822; n = 21).The national mean mortality rate for ALS throughout the period of 1990 to 2010 was 2.98 per 100 000 person-years (95% CI 2.87 – 3.08). For MS the national mean mortality rate was 2.04 per 100 000 person-years (95% CI 1.95 – 2.12). Both ALS and MS mortality showed significant variation between the counties. Conclusion: This study did not confirm the previously shown association between MS and ALS in Sweden.
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| 3. |
- Landtblom, Anne-Marie, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Distribution of multiple sclerosis in Sweden based on mortality and disability compensation statistics
- 2002
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Ingår i: Neuroepidemiology. - : S. Karger AG. - 0251-5350 .- 1423-0208. ; 21:4, s. 167-179
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous studies have shown the Fennoscandian region to be a high-risk area for multiple sclerosis (MS). In order to investigate the distribution of MS in Sweden, mortality (1952-1992) and disability pensioning statistics (1971-1994) were studied. A total of 11,414 cases with a disability pension and 5,421 cases with MS on their death certificate were analysed according to county and time period and the results were compared with the mortality figures for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and disability pensioning statistics for Parkinson's disease. We found increasing rates of both MS mortality and disability pensioning. Disability pensioning correlated well with mortality 10 years later (r = 0.42, p = 0.04). We also found a marked geographical variation. VΣrmland county had the highest mortality, with 14 out of its 16 municipalities having higher rates than the national mean. Unexpectedly, we found a high correlation between mortality due to MS and ALS (r = 0.60, p = 0.002). Copyright ⌐ 2002 S. Karger AG, Basel.
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| 4. |
- Magalhaes, Sandra, et al.
(författare)
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The EnvIMS Study: Design and Methodology of an International Case-Control Study of Environmental Risk Factors in Multiple Sclerosis
- 2015
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Ingår i: Neuroepidemiology. - : Karger. - 0251-5350 .- 1423-0208. ; 44:3, s. 173-181
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease of the central nervous system, often resulting in significant neurological disability. The causes of MS are not known; however, the incidence of MS is increasing, thereby suggesting that changes in lifestyle and/or environmental factors may be responsible. On this background, the Environmental Risk Factors in MS Study or EnvIMS study was designed to further explore the etiology of MS. The design and methodology are described, providing details to enable investigators to (i) use our experiences to design their own studies; (ii) take advantage of, and build on the methodological work completed for, the EnvIMS study; (iii) become aware of this data source that is available for use by the research community. Methods: EnvIMS is a multinational case-control study, enrolling 2,800 cases with MS and 5,012 population-based controls in Canada, Italy, Norway, Serbia and Sweden. The study was designed to investigate the most commonly implicated risk factors for MS etiology using a self-report questionnaire. Results/Conclusions:The use of a common methodology to study MS etiology across several countries enhances the comparability of results in different geographic regions and research settings, reduces the resources required for study design and enhances the opportunity for data harmonization.
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