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| 2. |
- Bohman, Björn
(författare)
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The volatile chemistry of orchid pollination
- 2023
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Ingår i: Natural Product Reports. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 0265-0568 .- 1460-4752. ; 40, s. 819-839
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Covering: up to September 2022 Orchids are renowned not only for their diversity of floral forms, but also for their many and often highly specialised pollination strategies. Volatile semiochemicals play a crucial role in the attraction of a wide variety of insect pollinators of orchids. The compounds produced by orchid flowers are as diverse as the pollinators they attract, and here we summarise some of the chemical diversity found across orchid taxa and pollination strategies. We focus on compounds that have been experimentally demonstrated to underpin pollinator attraction. We also highlight the structural elucidation and synthesis of a select subset of important orchid pollinator attractants, and discuss the ecological significance of the discoveries, the gaps in our current knowledge of orchid pollination chemistry, and some opportunities for future research in this field.
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| 3. |
- Moodie, Lindon W. K., et al.
(författare)
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Natural cholinesterase inhibitors from marine organisms
- 2019
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Ingår i: Natural product reports (Print). - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 0265-0568 .- 1460-4752. ; 36:8, s. 1053-1092
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Inhibition of cholinesterases is a common approach for the management of several disease states. Most notably, cholinesterase inhibitors are used to alleviate the symptoms of neurological disorders like dementia and Alzheimer's disease and treat myasthenia gravis and glaucoma. Historically, most drugs of natural origin have been isolated from terrestrial sources and inhibitors of cholinesterases are no exception. However, the last 50 years have seen a rise in the quantity of marine natural products with close to 25 000 reported in the scientific literature. A number of marine natural products with potent cholinesterase inhibitory properties have also been reported; isolated from a variety of marine sources from algae to ascidians. Representing a diverse range of structural classes, these compounds provide inspirational leads that could aid the development of therapeutics. The current paper aims to, for the first time, comprehensively summarize the literature pertaining to cholinesterase inhibitors derived from marine sources, including the first papers published in 1974 up to 2018. The review does not report bioactive extracts, only isolated compounds, and a specific focus lies on compounds with reported doseresponse data. In vivo and mechanistic data is included for compounds where this is reported. In total 185 marine cholinesterase inhibitors and selected analogs have been identified and reported and some of the compounds display inhibitory activities comparable or superior to cholinesterase inhibitors in clinical use.
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- Nielsen, Jens B, 1962
(författare)
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Cell factory engineering for improved production of natural products
- 2019
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Ingår i: Natural Product Reports. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1460-4752 .- 0265-0568. ; 36:9, s. 1233-1236
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Natural product biosynthesis is inherently linked with the primary metabolism in terms of providing precursors and co-factors. Thus, even though it is important to improve the performance of natural product biosynthetic enzymes in building efficient cell factories, it is equally important to engineer the central carbon metabolism, such that this is adjusted to meet the biosynthetic demand of the desired product.
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- Sigwart, Julia D., et al.
(författare)
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Unlocking the potential of marine biodiscovery
- 2021
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Ingår i: Natural product reports (Print). - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 0265-0568 .- 1460-4752. ; 38:7, s. 1235-1242
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The tremendous diversity of life in the ocean has proven to be a rich source of inspiration for drug discovery, with success rates for marine natural products up to 4 times higher than other naturally derived compounds. Yet the marine biodiscovery pipeline is characterized by chronic underfunding, bottlenecks and, ultimately, untapped potential. For instance, a lack of taxonomic capacity means that, on average, 20 years pass between the discovery of new organisms and the formal publication of scientific names, a prerequisite to proceed with detecting and isolating promising bioactive metabolites. The need for edge research that can spur novel lines of discovery and lengthy high-risk drug discovery processes, are poorly matched with research grant cycles. Here we propose five concrete pathways to broaden the biodiscovery pipeline and open the social and economic potential of the ocean genome for global benefit: (1) investing in fundamental research, even when the links to industry are not immediately apparent; (2) cultivating equitable collaborations between academia and industry that share both risks and benefits for these foundational research stages; (3) providing new opportunities for early-career researchers and under-represented groups to engage in high-risk research without risking their careers; (4) sharing data with global networks; and (5) protecting genetic diversity at its source through strong conservation efforts. The treasures of the ocean have provided fundamental breakthroughs in human health and still remain under-utilised for human benefit, yet that potential may be lost if we allow the biodiscovery pipeline to become blocked in a search for quick-fix solutions.
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- Silva, Luiz F., Jr., et al.
(författare)
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Hypervalent iodine reagents in the total synthesis of natural products
- 2011
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Ingår i: Natural product reports (Print). - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 0265-0568 .- 1460-4752. ; 28:10, s. 1722-1754
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- This report describes the recent applications of hypervalent iodine reagents in the total synthesis of natural products. The large diversity of high-yielding and chemoselective reactions that can be achieved, even for highly functionalized molecules, is summarized, demonstrating that hypervalent iodine reagents have become an essential tool in synthetic organic chemistry.
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