| 1. |
- Alexander, Naomi E., et al.
(författare)
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IMAGINE project : A low cost, high performance, monolithic passive mm-wave imager front-end
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering. - : SPIE. - 0277-786X .- 1996-756X. - 9780819492852
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The FP7 Research for SME project IMAGINE - a low cost, high performance monolithic passive mm-wave imager front-end is described in this paper. The main innovation areas for the project are: i) the development of a 94 GHz radiometer chipset and matching circuits suitable for monolithic integration. The chipset consists of a W-band low noise amplifier, fabricated using the commercially available OMMIC D007IH GaAs mHEMT process, and a zero bias resonant interband tunneling diode, fabricated using a patented epi-layer structure that is lattice matched to the same D007IH process; ii) the development of a 94 GHz antenna adapted for low cost manufacturing methods with performance suitable for real-time imaging; iii) the development of a low cost liquid crystal polymer PCB build-up technology with performance suitable for the integration and assembly of a 94 GHz radiometer module; iv) the assembly of technology demonstrator modules. The results achieved in these areas are presented.
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| 2. |
- Auriacombe, Olivier, 1989, et al.
(författare)
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Oil, water, and ice detection on road surfaces with a millimeter-wave radiometer
- 2020
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Ingår i: Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering. - : SPIE. - 0277-786X .- 1996-756X. ; 11533
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Passive radiometers are well-known instruments used in the characterization of soil, sea surfaces and remote sensing of the earth atmosphere with satellites or airplanes. The instrument described in this article is a dual-polarised superheterodyne radiometer operating around 93 GHz. It is placed on a structure to measure road surface conditions (ice, water or oil) in a laboratory-controlled environment. This radiometer measures the reflected and emitted radiations from the road surface (asphalt and concrete) and the background temperature, in two orthogonal polarizations (H and V). The difference in the dielectric properties of the ice, oil and water from dry road surface allows to distinguish them efficiently. This kind of technique can be used for road surface recognition in all weather conditions and does not require presence of daylight or other sources of illumination. In this paper, calibration procedures and radiometric characterisations of the radiometer are studied in order to select the best and simpler method to operate the radiometer. It was found that calibrating the radiometer with only one blackbody target or using a table of gain and system noise temperature is sufficiently accurate over a long time to be able to distinguish dry from ice or water covered surfaces. The laboratory results are showing a high difference in the brightness temperature between road surface covered with ice, water or oil and the dry road surface. No ambiguities between those conditions exist but potential limitations could rise, for example if the road surface roughness changes during a measurement. Those promising results validate the potential of using radiometer for road safety and the automotive industry. The presented laboratory measurements are the first step towards the implementation of the instrument into a moving vehicle for alerting drivers ahead of unforeseen dangers. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
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| 3. |
- Güsten, R., et al.
(författare)
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APEX - The Atacama Pathfinder Experiment
- 2006
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Ingår i: Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering. - : SPIE. - 0277-786X .- 1996-756X. ; 6267 I
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- APEX, the Atacama Pathfinder Experiment, has been successfully commissioned and is in operation now. This novel submillimeter telescope is located at 5107 m altitude on Llano de Chajnantor in the Chilean High Andes, on what is considered one of the world's outstanding sites for submillimeter astronomy. The primary reflector with 12 m diameter has been carefully adjusted by means of holography. Its surface smoothness of 17-18 μm makes APEX suitable for observations up to 200 μm, through all atmospheric submm windows accessible from the ground.
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| 4. |
- Risacher, Christophe, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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A sideband separation SIS mixer for 275-370 GHz for the APEX telescope
- 2006
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Ingår i: Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering. - : SPIE. - 0277-786X .- 1996-756X. - 081946340X ; 6275, s. 62751T-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Atacama Pathfinder EXperiment (APEX) is a 12 m antenna now operating at the Llano Chajnantor on the Atacama Desert in Northern Chile at 5 100 m altitude. APEX will be equipped with single-pixel heterodyne receivers covering 211 - 1500 GHz frequency range. We present a sideband separation (2SB) mixer using superconducting-insulator-superconductor (SIS) junction for the APEX band 2, 275-370 GHz. The 2SB mixer is based on a previous development of a double sideband (DSB) mixer, which is currently installed at the APEX telescope. This DSB receiver has a noise temperature of about 40-50 K across the band, and, as installed on one of the best site on the Earth, yields total DSB system noise temperatures of about 100 K for excellent weather.
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| 5. |
- Vassilev, Vessen, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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140-220 GHz Imaging Front-end Based on 250 nm InP/InGaAs/InP DHBT Process
- 2013
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Ingår i: Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering. - : SPIE. - 0277-786X .- 1996-756X. - 9780819495068 ; 8715
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a pre-amplified detector receiver based on a 250 nm InP/InGaAs/InP double heterojunction bipolar transistor (DHBT) process available from the Teledyne scientific. The front end consists of a double slot antenna followed by a five stage low noise amplifier and a detector, all integrated onto the same circuit. Results of measured responsivity and noise are presented. The receiver is characterized through measuring its response to hot (293) and cold (78) K terminations. Measurements of the voltage noise spectrum at the video output of the receiver are presented and can be used to derive the temperature resolution of the receiver for a specific video bandwidth.
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| 6. |
- Yan, Yu, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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A 110-170 GHz transceiver in 130 nm SiGe BiCMOS technology for FMCW applications
- 2018
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Ingår i: Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering. - : SPIE. - 0277-786X .- 1996-756X. ; 10800
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A 110-170 GHz transceiver is designed and fabricated in a 130 nm SiGe BiCMOS technology. The transceiver operates as an amplifier for transmitting and simultaneously as a fundamental mixer for receiving. In a measured frequency range of 120-160 GHz, a typical output power of 0 dBm is obtained with an input power of +3 dBm. As a fundamental mixer, a conversion gain of -9 dB is obtained at 130 GHz LO, and a noise figure of 19 dB is achieved. The transceiver is successfully demonstrated as a FMCW radar front-end for distance measurement. With a chirp rate of 1.6×1012 Hz/s and a bandwidth of 14.4 GHz, a range resolution of 2.8 cm is demonstrated, and transmission test is shown on different objects.
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