| 1. |
- Alänge, Sverker, 1951, et al.
(författare)
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From job-less growth to growth-with-less-jobs: Employment and equity impact of technical and organisational change
- 1996
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Ingår i: Science and Public Policy. - 1471-5430 .- 0302-3427. ; 23:1, s. 27-38
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- New technical innovations in the form of new production technologies are known to affect productivity, but organisational innovations and new ways of designing products have now been found to have a profound influence on productivity. These innovations have moved the industrialised countries into a stage in which industrial growth is accompanied by the continuous reduction in industrial employment. This development will greatly influence our society and put stringent demands on our political decision-making apparatus to avoid a growth in the 'wealth of nations' going hand-in-hand with a growth in poverty.
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| 2. |
- Fogelberg, Hans, 1962, et al.
(författare)
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Integration of academic and entrepreneurial roles: The case of nanotechnology research at Chalmers University of Technology
- 2013
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Ingår i: Science and Public Policy. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0302-3427 .- 1471-5430. ; 40:1, s. 127-139
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article analyzes how researchers in leading roles at a Swedish research university relate to the integration of academic and entrepreneurial roles in the field of nanotechnology. In contrast to earlier studies that characterize researchers as being either ‘critical towards’ or ‘unfit for’ entrepreneurial activity, the article argues that researchers can develop a positive approach towards entrepreneurship and it discusses how this, in certain situations and in a specific research area, can lead to new innovation networks and provide important input to early development and commercialization. This is encouraging in the view of current science and innovation policy of nations, which promotes the entrepreneurial scientist and yet hesitates to give him or her adequate control over resources for innovation management processes.
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| 3. |
- Frishammar, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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A knowledge-based perspective on system weaknesses in technological innovation systems
- 2019
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Ingår i: Science and Public Policy. - Oxford : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1471-5430 .- 0302-3427. ; 46:1, s. 55-70
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The literature on technological innovation systems (TIS) provides policymakers and other actors with a scheme of analysis to identify system weaknesses. In doing so, TIS analysis centres on which system weaknesses policy interventions should target to promote further development of a particular system. However, prior TIS literature has not sufficiently elaborated on what may constitute the conceptual roots of a 'weakness'. We apply a knowledge-based perspective and propose that many-albeit not all-system weaknesses may root in four types of knowledge problems: uncertainty, complexity, equivocality, and ambiguity. Employing these as sensitizing concepts, we study system weaknesses by analysing data from a biorefinery TIS in Sweden. This analysis results in novel implications for the TIS literature and for achieving a better match between system weaknesses and the design of innovation policies.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Hillman, Karl, et al.
(författare)
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Fostering sustainable technologies : A framework for analysing the governance of innovation systems
- 2011
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Ingår i: Science and Public Policy. - : Beech Tree Publishing. - 0302-3427 .- 1471-5430. ; 38:5, s. 403-415
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The development and diffusion of technological innovations need governing in order to contribute to societal goals related to sustainability. Yet, there are few systematic studies mapping out what types of governance are deployed and how they influence the development and diffusion of sustainable technological innovations. This paper develops a framework for analysing the role of governance in innovation systems aimed towards sustainability. The framework is based on the literatures on governance, technological innovation systems and socio-technical transitions. We foresee empirical studies based on the framework that may serve as a needed input into governance processes. © Beech Tree Publishing 2011.
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| 6. |
- Jacobsson, Staffan, 1951, et al.
(författare)
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Identifying, explaining and improving the effects of academic R&D: The case of nanotechnology in Sweden
- 2012
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Ingår i: Science and Public Policy. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1471-5430 .- 0302-3427. ; 39:4, s. 513-529
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is commonly believed that the academic sector does not generate enough value for society. This value is often measured in terms of new firms, patents and products, leading to policy responses which aim to enhance 'commercialisation' by academics. However, others maintain that academic research generates benefits in many ways, some of which are difficult to measure, and that policy must look beyond the academic sector to find ways of improving the impact of academic R & D. Applying a new version of the 'technological innovation system' framework to nanotechnology in Sweden, we find a rich pattern of impact, including substantial 'commercialisation'. However, the effect of academic activities is constrained by factors exogenous to academia, in particular a lack of knowledge about environmental and health risks, institutional and market uncertainties, poorly coordinated policies and insufficient access to innovation-related capital. Policy-makers seeking to improve the impact of academic R & D should help to resolve these issues. © The Author 2012. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.
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| 7. |
- Jacobsson, Staffan, 1951, et al.
(författare)
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The many ways of academic researchers - how science is made useful at a University of Technology
- 2014
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Ingår i: Science and Public Policy. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1471-5430 .- 0302-3427. ; 41:5, s. 641-657
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In assessing the performance of academic research, there is a growing interest in combining excellence with impact criteria. A frequently encountered belief is that impact should be understood in terms of new firms and patents. Others argue that academic R&D generates impacts that greatly exceed such commercialization efforts by academic researchers. The tension between these two beliefs reveals a risk that the criteria for assessing the impact of academic R&D, including criteria for allocating performance-based funding, may neglect vital aspects of how science is made useful. With insights gained from a comprehensive analysis of a well-reputed academic body, Chalmers Energy Initiative, we address this risk with the aim of contributing to the eventual design of an evidence-based science policy with appropriate evaluation routines.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Sjöö, Karolin, 1983, et al.
(författare)
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Gender mainstreaming research funding: a study of effects on STEM research proposals
- 2023
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Ingår i: Science and Public Policy. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1471-5430 .- 0302-3427. ; 50:2, s. 304-317
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Policymakers increasingly try to steer researchers to choose topics of societal concern and to conduct research in ways that reflect such concerns. One increasingly common approach is prompting researchers to integrate certain perspectives into the content of their research, but little is known about the effects of this governance modality. We analyze 1,189 science, technology, engineering, and mathematics research proposals submitted to the Swedish Research Council which, starting in 2020, required all applicants to consider including the sex and/or gender perspectives in their research. We identify three overarching strategies upon which researchers rely (content-, performer-, and impact-centered) and analyze the ways in which researchers across disciplines motivate, through text, the inclusion or exclusion of these perspectives. Based on our findings, we discuss the scope of the desired effect(s) of a requirement of this kind.
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