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- Chatzittofis, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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HPA axis dysregulation in men with hypersexual disorder
- 2016
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Ingår i: Psychoneuroendocrinology. - : Elsevier. - 0306-4530 .- 1873-3360. ; 63, s. 247-253
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hypersexual disorder integrating pathophysiological aspects such as sexual desire deregulation, sexual addiction, impulsivity and compulsivity was suggested as a diagnosis for the DSM-5. However, little is known about the neurobiology behind this disorder. A dysregulation of the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis has been shown in psychiatric disorders but has not been investigated in hypersexual disorder. The aim of this study was to investigate the function of the HPA axis in hypersexual disorder. The study includes 67 male patients with hypersexual disorder and 39 healthy male volunteers. Basal morning plasma levels of cortisol and ACTH were assessed and low dose (0.5 mg) dexamethasone suppression test was performed with cortisol and ACTH measured post dexamethasone administration. Non-suppression status was defined with DST-cortisol levels >= 138 nmol/l. The Sexual Compulsive scale (SCS), Hypersexual disorder current assessment scale (HD:CAS), Montgomery-Asberg Depression Scale-self rating (MADRS-S) and Childhood trauma questionnaire (CTQ), were used for assessing hypersexual behavior, depression severity and early life adversity. Patients with hypersexual disorder were significantly more often DST non-suppressors and had significantly higher DST-ACTH levels compared to healthy volunteers. The patients reported significantly more childhood trauma and depression symptoms compared to healthy volunteers. CTQ scores showed a significant negative correlation with DST-ACTH whereas SCS and HD:CAS scores showed a negative correlation with baseline cortisol in patients. The diagnosis of hypersexual disorder was significantly associated DST non-suppression and higher plasma DST-ACTH even when adjusted for childhood trauma. The results suggest HPA axis dysregulation in male patients with hypersexual disorder.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Jokinen, Jussi, et al.
(författare)
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Low CSF oxytocin reflects high intent in suicide attempters
- 2012
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Ingår i: Psychoneuroendocrinology. - : Elsevier. - 0306-4530 .- 1873-3360. ; 37:4, s. 482-90
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Data from animal studies suggest that oxytocin is an important modulating neuropeptide in regulation of social interaction. One human study has reported a negative correlation between CSF oxytocin levels, life history of aggression and suicidal behaviour. We hypothesized that CSF oxytocin levels would be related to suicidal behaviour, suicide intent, lifetime interpersonal violence and suicide risk. 28 medication free suicide attempters and 19 healthy volunteers participated in this cross sectional and longitudinal study. CSF and plasma morning basal levels of oxytocin were assessed with specific radio-immunoassays. The Beck Suicide Intent Scale (SIS), the Freeman scale and the Karolinska Interpersonal Violence Scale (KIVS) were used to assess suicide intent and lifetime violent behaviour. All patients were followed up for cause of death. The mean follow-up was 21 years. Suicide attempters had lower CSF oxytocin levels compared to healthy volunteers p=0.077. In suicide attempters CSF oxytocin showed a significant negative correlation with the planning subscale of SIS. CSF oxytocin showed a significant negative correlation with suicide intent, the planning subscale of SIS and Freeman interruption probability in male suicide attempters. Correlations between plasma oxytocin levels and the planning subscale of SIS and Freeman interruption probability were significant in male suicide attempters. Lifetime violent behaviour showed a trend to negative correlation with CSF oxytocin. In the regression analysis suicide intent remained a significant predictor of CSF oxytocin corrected for age and gender whereas lifetime violent behaviour showed a trend to be a predictor of CSF oxytocin. Oxytocin levels did not differ significantly in suicide victims compared to survivors. CSF oxytocin may be an important modulator of suicide intent and interpersonal violence in suicide attempters.
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| 4. |
- Jokinen, Jussi, et al.
(författare)
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Noradrenergic function and HPA axis dysregulation in suicidal behaviour
- 2010
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Ingår i: Psychoneuroendocrinology. - : Elsevier. - 0306-4530 .- 1873-3360. ; 35:10, s. 1536-1542
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Noradrenergic and HPA axis dysregulation may play a role in suicide risk. Studies of suicide risk have not found consistent relationship to the noradrenaline metabolite 3-methoxy-4-hydroxphenylglycol (MHPG) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Non-suppression in the dexamethasone test (DST) has been associated with increased risk of suicide in depressed patients. The study sample consisted of 51 mood disorder inpatients admitted to the Department of Psychiatry at the Karolinska University Hospital between 1980 and 2000. Patients underwent lumbar punction and DST and were followed up for the cause of death. The hypothesis was that both CSF MHPG and HPA axis dysregulation are associated with suicidal behaviour. Nine suicide victims had significantly lower CSF MHPG and baseline plasma cortisol than survivors. Using both CSF MHPG and baseline cortisol in ROC analysis for suicide prediction, the positive predictive value was 44% and the area under the curve was 0.88. In conclusion, lower CSF MHPG was associated with suicide risk. Furthermore these results suggest that combined measures of noradrenergic system and HPA axis function may offer better prediction of suicide risk.
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