| 1. |
- Čehajić-Clancy, Sabina, 1980-
(författare)
-
Development of positive intergroup emotions amongst youth in contexts affected or threatened by conflict
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : Wiley. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 111:10, s. 1862-1865
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Social-psychological research has established the importance of positive emotions for creating and maintaining positive intergroup relations in contexts affected or threatened by conflict (intergroup reconciliation). Building on existing body of evidence, we conceptualised intergroup reconciliation as a process aimed at regulating negative intergroup emotions such as hatred and creating more positive and relationship functional emotions such as trust. This review presents theoretical and empirical insights into the emotion regulation perspective on intergroup reconciliation. Regulation of negative intergroup emotions amongst youths affected by conflict is feasible through social-psychological interventions.
|
|
| 2. |
- Theorell, Töres, et al.
(författare)
-
Predictors of continued playing or singing - from childhood and adolescence to adult years
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : Wiley. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 104:3, s. 274-284
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: Many individuals play an instrument or sing during childhood, but they often stop later in life. This study surveyed adults representative of the Swedish population about musical activities during childhood.Methods: We asked 3820 adults (65% women) aged from 27 to 54 from the Swedish Twin Registry, who took extra music lessons to those provided at school, to fill in a web-based questionnaire. Factors analysed were the age they started studying music, the instrument they played, kind of teaching, institution and educational content, number of lessons and perceived characteristics of the lessons, the music environment during their childhood years and their preferred music genre. All variables were dichotomised.Results: Factors strongly associated with continued playing or singing were male sex, young starting age, cultural family background, self-selected instrument, attending music classes and more than once a week, church-related or private education, pop, rock or classical music, playing by ear and improvisation.Conclusion: Several significant predictors determined whether a child continued to sing or play an instrument as an adult and many could be externally influenced, such as starting at a young age, taking music classes more than once a week, improvisation and the type of music they played.
|
|
| 3. |
- Ek, Ulla, et al.
(författare)
-
Academic performance of adolescents with ADHD and other behavioural and learning problems : a population-based longitudinal study
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : Wiley. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 100:3, s. 402-406
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To study academic performance (final grades at the age of 16 years) in individuals with i) attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and ii) other learning and/or behavioural problems. Methods: Of a total population of 591 children, originally assessed at the age of 10-11 years, it was possible to obtain final grades for 536 16-year-olds (in grade 9). Those fulfilling the criteria for ADHD/sub-threshold ADHD (n=39) and those with 'Behaviour and Learning Problems' (BLP group), (n=80) and a comparison group (n=417) were contrasted. Results: The ADHD and BLP groups had a significantly lower total mean grade at the age of 16 years than the comparison group. In addition, the ADHD and BLP groups also qualified for further studies in the upper secondary school to a significantly lesser extent than the controls (72%, 68% and 92%, respectively). All IQ measures (at the age of 10-11 years) were positively correlated with the overall grade after grade 9, with especially strong correlations for verbal capacity. Conclusion: ADHD and similar problems entail a risk of underachievement at school. The results indicate that pupils with ADHD underachieve in the school situation in relation to their optimal cognitive capacity. The contextual situation and the particular requirements should be considered in order for adequate educational measures to be undertaken.
|
|
| 4. |
- Ek, Ulla, et al.
(författare)
-
Cognitive strengths and deficits in schoolchildren with ADHD.
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992). - : Wiley. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 96:5, s. 756-761
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Few studies provide detailed analyses of the various aspects of the entire cognitive profile of children with ADHD. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Cognitive test data were analysed for 10- to 11-year-old children with (1) ADHD, (2) subthreshold ADHD and (3) milder attention and/or learning problems, and compared with normative data. RESULTS: Thirty-two had ADHD and 10 met the criteria for subthreshold ADHD, prevalence rates of 5.4% and 1.6%, respectively. On a group level, children with ADHD/subthreshold ADHD, and those with milder attention and/or learning problems had almost identical cognitive profiles for the 13 subtests comprising the WISC III, with particularly low results on the arithmetic, coding, information and digit span subtests (ACID profile). When analyzed individually, a complete or incomplete ACID profile (three of four subtests) was equally common in children with ADHD/subthreshold ADHD and in children with milder problems, found in about 1/5. The relative strengths of both groups were in areas demanding logical thinking, reasoning and common sense. CONCLUSION: The specific ACID profile is as common in children with ADHD as in those with minor attention and/or learning problems. The cognitive weaknesses reflected in the ACID profile might play a role as an underlying factor in various developmental disorders.
|
|
| 5. |
- Erling, Ann, 1963
(författare)
-
Methodological considerations in the assessment of health related quality of life in children
- 1999
-
Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - 0803-5253. ; 88:s428, s. 106-107
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Health-related quality of life (HRQL) can be described as the psychological and social aspects of a patient's health, and as the patient's view of his or her condition and its treatment. Doctors, parents and children have different views of a child's HRQL. This is not because one has the right perception and the others are wrong, but because they see different aspects of the child's HRQL. Only the children themselves can provide a subjective perception of their HRQL. The practical and conceptual considerations required when assessing children's HRQL are discussed.
|
|
| 6. |
- Bergström, Malin, et al.
(författare)
-
Preschool children living in joint physical custody arrangements show less psychological symptoms than those living mostly or only with one parent
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : Wiley. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 107:2, s. 294-300
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: Joint physical custody (JPC), where children spend about equal time in both parent's homes after parental separation, is increasing. The suitability of this practice for preschool children, with a need for predictability and continuity, has been questioned.METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, we used data on 3656 Swedish children aged three to five years living in intact families, JPC, mostly with one parent or single care. Linear regression analyses were conducted with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, completed by parents and preschool teachers, as the outcome measure.RESULTS: Children in JPC showed less psychological problems than those living mostly (adjusted B 1.81; 95% CI [0.66 to 2.95]) or only with one parent (adjusted B 1.94; 95% CI [0.75 to 3.13]), in parental reports. In preschool teacher reports, the adjusted Betas were 1.27, 95% CI [0.14 to 2.40] and 1.41, 95% CI [0.24 to 2.58], respectively. In parental reports, children in JPC and those in intact families had similar outcomes, while teachers reported lower unadjusted symptom scores for children in intact families.CONCLUSION: Joint physical custody arrangements were not associated with more psychological symptoms in children aged 3-5, but longitudinal studies are needed to account for potential preseparation differences.
|
|
| 7. |
- Krusell, Magnus Kirketerp, et al.
(författare)
-
The impact of childhood bullying on the daily lives of Nordic children and young adolescents
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica, International Journal of Paediatrics. - : Wiley. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 108:6, s. 1096-1102
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: Childhood bullying may negatively affect the mental health in children and adolescents, but few studies have explored this potential link. We aimed to investigate the association between childhood bullying and the impact of poor mental health on the daily life in a population of Nordic children and adolescents aged 5–16years. Methods: This cross-sectional study was based on data from the Nordic survey on Children's Health and Wellbeing (NordChild) from 2011. The study population included 4966 children from Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden. Mental health was measured by a parent-reported version of the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire. We conducted multiple logistic regression analyses to estimate the odds ratios of poor mental health in bullied compared to non-bullied children and adolescents while adjusting for sex, age, body mass index and parental socioeconomic status. Results: Bullied children and adolescents were four times more likely than their non-bullied peers to have mental health problems with negative impact on their daily life at home, in their relations to friends, learning in school or leisure activities (adjusted odds ratio: 4.32; 95% CI: 3.54–5.26). Conclusion: This study found negative impact on the mental health in bullied children and adolescents, which affected several arenas of daily life.
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
- Sjöberg, Agneta, 1956, et al.
(författare)
-
Anthropometric changes in Sweden during the obesity epidemic – increased overweight among adolescents of non-Nordic origin
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : Wiley. - 0803-5253. ; 100:8, s. 1119-1126
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To compare overweight, obesity and thinness prevalences in adolescents born in 1979 and 1985 and to evaluate the influence of parental migration background. METHODS: A total of 2306 15- to 16-year-old girls and boys in Gothenburg, Sweden, participated in two cross-sectional surveys (1994 and 2000). Height and weight were measured and interviews about parental origin were conducted. Overweight and obesity were classified according to International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) and WHO. Thinness was classified according to Cole. RESULTS: Among girls, the prevalence of thinness decreased, 8.4% vs. 4.7%. The prevalence of overweight, including obesity, according to IOTF criteria, was 11.8% and 13.7% in 1994 and 2000, respectively. The corresponding figures according to WHO criteria were 14.5% and 17.5%. No significant changes occurred between cohorts in prevalences of overweight and obesity. However, when interaction between survey year and origin was tested, there was a significant difference in overweight according to WHO criteria (p=0.022). CONCLUSION: A shift entailing increased risk for overweight in adolescents of non-Nordic origin was observed, while no changes occurred in the general population. Individual background factors are important to consider both for correct conclusions about health development in the population and for identification of target groups for health-promoting interventions.
|
|
| 10. |
- Aronsson, Bernice, et al.
(författare)
-
Asylum-seeking children with severe loss of activities of daily living : clinical signs and course during rehabilitation
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : Wiley. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 98:12, s. 1977-1981
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To investigate whether severe loss of activities of daily living (ADL) in asylum-seeking children is associated with physical disease or toxic influences and to describe the clinical course during the recovery process. METHODS: A total of 29 asylum-seeking children with severe loss of ADL were regularly assessed by physical examinations, laboratory tests and a structured evaluation of their ADL status during rehabilitation. RESULTS: A total of 12 children had previously recorded suicide attempts and 21 were recorded to have experienced traumatic events in their country of origin. The mean time from turning point to recovery was 6 months. Of the study participants, 22 needed enteral feeding and 18 gained weight during recovery. All children had a pulse rate and systolic blood pressure within the normal range. No sign of intoxication or physical disease was identified in laboratory tests or clinical examinations, with the exception of one case of epilepsy. CONCLUSION: Physical disease, pharmacological sedation or anorexia nervosa was not considered to be a probable cause of the loss of ADL in these children. The high rate of psychosocial risk factors and the stressful event of being in an asylum-seeking process call for further investigation of psychosomatic mechanisms.
|
|
