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| 2. |
- Albertsson-Wikland, Kerstin, 1947, et al.
(author)
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Longitudinal follow-up of growth in children born small for gestational age.
- 1993
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In: Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992). - 0803-5253. ; 82:5, s. 438-43
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Postnatal growth was followed in a population-based group of 123 small-for-gestational-age (SGA, birth weight < -2 SD) children (66 boys and 57 girls) to four years of age in order to determine the incidence and time of catch-up growth. Gestational age was determined by ultrasound in gestational weeks 16-17 in all pregnancies, thus eliminating the problem of distinguishing between SGA and preterm infants. Infants with well-defined causes for slow growth rate, i.e. those infants with chromosomal disorders, severe malformations, intrauterine viral infections or cerebral palsy, were excluded. The boys showed an extremely fast weight catch-up, 85% of them reaching weights greater than -2 SD at the age of three months and remaining above this level to the end of the study period. Such a fast catch-up growth was observed in only two-thirds of the girls, but at four years of age 85% of the girls were also above -2 SD. Length catch-up was more gradual than weight catch-up. Of the boys, 54% had lengths below -2 SD at birth, 26% at 1 year of age, 22% at 2 years of age, 17% at 2.5 years of age and 11% (n = 8) at 4 years of age. Corresponding figures for girls were: 69% at birth, 28% at 1 year, 15% at 2 years, 12% at 2.5 years and 5% (n = 3) at 4 years. At 4 years of age, only six boys and three girls remained below -2 SD for both weight and height.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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| 3. |
- Alm, Bernt, 1951, et al.
(author)
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Breastfeeding and dummy use have a protective effect on sudden infant death syndrome.
- 2016
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In: Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992). - : Wiley. - 1651-2227 .- 0803-5253. ; 105:1, s. 31-38
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We conducted a literature review on the effect of breastfeeding and dummy (pacifier) use on sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). From the 4,343 abstracts, we identified 35 relevant studies on breastfeeding and SIDS, 27 on dummy use and SIDS and 59 on dummy use versus breastfeeding CONCLUSION: We found ample evidence that both breastfeeding and dummy use reduce the risk of SIDS. There has been a general reluctance to endorse dummy use in case it has a detrimental effect of breastfeeding. However, recent evidence suggests that dummy use might not be as harmful to breastfeeding as previously believed. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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| 4. |
- Alm, Bernt, 1951, et al.
(author)
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Living conditions in early infancy in Denmark, Norway and Sweden 1992-95: results from the Nordic Epidemiological SIDS study.
- 2000
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In: Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992). - 0803-5253. ; 89:2, s. 208-14
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The objective was to study living conditions of infants and their families in Scandinavia in the 1990s and to assess similarities and differences among the three Scandinavian countries. The emphasis is on health and normality rather than on diseases and other deviations from well-being. The subjects are the 869 controls in the Nordic Epidemiological SIDS study carried out between 1 September 1992 and 31 August 1995 in Norway, Denmark and Sweden. The controls were matched with the 244 SIDS cases for sex, age and maternity hospital. Parents of the SIDS cases and the controls filled in the same questionnaire on family, pregnancy, delivery, the neonatal and the post-perinatal period. The most striking findings were that 99% of the mothers went to regular maternity controls, 97% to well-baby clinics and 84% breastfed exclusively. On the other hand, 11% drank alcohol more than once a month during pregnancy and 29% smoked during pregnancy. Compared to official statistics, to the extent they exist, the differences were small. The material contains valuable information on normal infant care in Scandinavia in the 1990s. Living conditions of infants in Scandinavia are similar in the three countries. Differences exist, but only to a small extent.
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| 5. |
- Alm, Bernt, 1951, et al.
(author)
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SIDS diagnosis should not be put to bed.
- 2008
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In: Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992). - : Wiley. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 97:6, s. 695-6
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The finding that prone sleeping position and smoking are important risk factors for SIDS has considerably reduced the incidence. Although these risk factors can be found in many cases of SIDS, they cannot be regarded as causes of death. CONCLUSION: The diagnosis of SIDS must be adhered to, and risk factors must not be confused with diagnoses. A structured follow-up of all cases of SIDS can be a cost-effective mean to ensure that parents and researchers are given adequate information.
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| 7. |
- Alm, Bernt, 1951, et al.
(author)
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Vitamin A and sudden infant death syndrome in Scandinavia 1992-1995.
- 2003
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In: Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992). - : Wiley. - 0803-5253. ; 92:2, s. 162-4
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- To assess the effect of vitamin supplementation on the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS).The analyses are based on data from the Nordic Epidemiological SIDS Study, a case-control study in which parents of SIDS victims in the Scandinavian countries were invited to participate together with parents of four matched controls between 1 September 1992 and 31 August 1995. The odds ratios presented are computed by conditional logistic regression analysis.The crude odds ratio in Scandinavia for not giving vitamin substitution was 2.8 (95% CI (1.9, 4.3)). This effect was statistically significant in Norway and Sweden, which use A and D vitamin supplementation, but not in Denmark, where only vitamin D supplementation is given. The odds ratios remained significant in Sweden when an adjustment was made for confounding factors (OR 28.4, 95% CI (4.7, 171.3)).We found an association between increased risk of sudden infant death syndrome and infants not being given vitamin supplementation during their first year of life. This was highly significant in Sweden, and the effect is possibly connected with vitamin A deficiency. This effect persisted when an adjustment was made for potential confounders, includingsocioeconomic factors.
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| 8. |
- Daltveit, A K, et al.
(author)
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Circadian variations in sudden infant death syndrome: associations with maternal smoking, sleeping position and infections. The Nordic Epidemiological SIDS Study.
- 2003
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In: Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992). - 0803-5253. ; 92:9, s. 1007-13
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- To study circadian variation in the sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) and possible associations with risk factors for SIDS.A questionnaire-based case-control study matched for place of birth, age and gender was conducted in Denmark, Norway and Sweden: The Nordic Epidemiological SIDS Study. The study comprised 244 SIDS victims and 869 control infants between September 1992 and August 1995. The main outcome was hour found dead.A significant circadian pattern was observed among the 242 SIDS victims with a known hour found dead, with a peak at 08.00-08.59 in the morning (n = 33). Of the SIDS victims, 12% were found dead at 00.00-05.59, 58% at 06.00-11.59, 21% at 12.00-17.59 and 9.0% at 18.00-23.59. When comparing night/morning SIDS and day/evening SIDS (found dead 00.00-11.59 and 12.00-23.59, respectively), the proportion of night/morning SIDS was high among infants of smoking mothers (81% vs 53%, p < 0.001), infants with a reported cold (82% vs 64%, p = 0.007) and infants sleeping side/supine (81% vs 60%, p < 0.001). No associations were observed between hour found dead and other sociodemographic risk factors for SIDS. Risk (odds ratio and 95% confidence interval) of night/morning SIDS and day/evening SIDS was 7.0 (4.5-10.9) and 1.5 (0.8-2.5), respectively, for maternal smoking, 2.2 (1.5-3.1) and 0.6 (0.3-1.3), respectively, if the infant had a reported cold, 3.7 (2.1-6.6) and 3.1 (1.1-8.4), respectively, if the infant was put to sleep in the side position (supine reference), and 11.0 (5.9-20.2) and 21.6 (7.6-60.8), respectively, if the infant was put to sleep in the prone position.The observed higher proportion of night/morning cases in SIDS if the mother smoked, if the infant was reported to have a cold and if the infant was sleeping side/supine may contribute to the understanding of some epidemiological characteristics of SIDS.
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| 9. |
- Daltveit, A K, et al.
(author)
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Sociodemographic risk factors for sudden infant death syndrome: associations with other risk factors. The Nordic Epidemiological SIDS Study.
- 1998
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In: Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992). - 0803-5253. ; 87:3, s. 284-90
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate associations between sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) and social factors in the Nordic countries. A case-control study was conducted in Denmark, Norway and Sweden: The Nordic Epidemiological SIDS Study. Parents of 244 SIDS infants and 869 control infants matched on gender, age at death and place of birth filled in questionnaires. The dataset was analysed by conditional logistic regression. In univariate analysis, the following sociodemographic factors were associated with an increased risk of SIDS: low maternal age [odds ratio (OR) 7.8; 2.8-21.5], high birth order (OR 4.4; 2.5-7.5), single motherhood (OR 2.9; 1.7-5.0), low maternal education (OR 4.5; 2.8-7.1), low paternal education (OR 3.0; 1.9-4.7), maternal unemployment (OR 2.4; 1.8-3.4) and paternal unemployment (OR 4.0; 2.7-5.9). In a multivariate analysis where maternal smoking was also included, only paternal unemployment, young maternal age and high birth order remained significantly associated with SIDS. Housing conditions were not associated with SIDS. However, the risk of SIDS was high if the family had lived in their present home for only a few years (OR 2.3; 1.3-4.1). Sociodemographic differences remain a major concern in SIDS in a low-incidence situation and even in an affluent population with adequate health services.
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| 10. |
- Gatzinsky, Vladimir, 1966, et al.
(author)
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Long-term respiratory symptoms following esophageal atresia.
- 2011
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In: Acta Paediatrica. - : Wiley. - 0803-5253. ; 100:9, s. 1222-1225
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Oesophageal atresia (OA) is a congenital malformation that can lead to persistent respiratory symptoms in adulthood. Aim: To describe the prevalence of respiratory symptoms in adulthood in a population-based study of patients with repaired OA and to compare this with the prevalence in the general population. Methods: Of 80 patients operated for OA in Gothenburg in 1968–1983, 79 were located. The patients received a questionnaire on respiratory symptoms. Controls were 4979 gender- and age-matched subjects who answered the same questions. Results: The questionnaire was answered by 73 of 79 (92%) patients. Physician-diagnosed asthma was reported by 30% in the OA group vs 10% in the control group (OR 4.1; 95% CI 2.4–6.8), and recurrent wheeze in 29% vs 5.5% (OR 6.9; 4.1–11.6). Also wheeze during the last year, asthma medication, a long-standing cough, cough with sputum production and chronic bronchitis were significantly more common among the patients with OA. In contrast, there was no significant difference regarding risk factors for asthma. The prevalence of respiratory symptoms did not appear to decrease with age. Conclusion: A high prevalence of respiratory symptoms remains among adult patients with repaired OA. Many of the patients had an asthma diagnosis. However, asthma heredity or allergic rhinitis was not overrepresented.
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