| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Eklund, Mona, et al.
(författare)
-
Construct and discriminant validity and dimensionality of the Interview Schedule for Social Interaction (ISSI) in three psychiatric samples
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Psychiatry. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0803-9488 .- 1502-4725. ; 61:3, s. 182-188
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study was aimed at investigating the psychometric properties of the Interview Schedule for Social Interaction (ISSI), in terms of construct and discriminant validity and unidimensionality, in three psychiatric samples with varying prerequisites for social interaction: 1) an outpatient sample of working age with mixed diagnoses, 2) an outpatient sample with schizophrenia, and 3) an inpatient sample composed of mentally ill, male offenders. The target constructs were psychosocial functioning and satisfaction in different life domains. It was hypothesized that the ISSI would mainly be related to psychosocial functioning and life domains characterized by social interaction, such as friends and family. A second hypothesis was that the ISSI ratings would discriminate between the three samples. The first hypothesis was confirmed, but the pattern of relationships was somewhat different between the groups. Whereas family contacts were of great importance for social integration in Samples 1 and 2, friends seemed more important for the mentally ill offenders. The second hypothesis was partly confirmed: three ISSI sub-scales out of four discriminated between the samples. Moreover, the ISSI proved to be a unidimensional construct. The support for the four proposed sub-scales was not unanimous, however, and the sub-scales targeting attachment constituted less stable factors. This study demonstrated the construct and discriminant validity of the ISSI when applied to samples with various mental disorders. The fact that similar results were obtained in all three samples, despite varying prerequisites for social interaction, strongly supports the validity of the ISSI. Providing the sub-scales are used with caution, the ISSI seems to be a reliable tool for use with patients with severe mental disorders.
|
|
| 3. |
- Eklund, Mona, et al.
(författare)
-
Determinants of satisfaction with community-based psychiatric services: A cross-sectional study among schizophrenia outpatients
- 2001
-
Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Psychiatry. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1502-4725 .- 0803-9488. ; 55:6, s. 413-418
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This was a cross-sectional study investigating factors related to satisfaction with care among long-term mentally ill patients diagnosed with schizophrenia, selected from an outpatient register. Demographic factors, personality variables, and health-related factors were related to their satisfaction with care. Satisfaction with care showed no relationships to demographic factors such as age, living conditions, or civil status. However, significant associations indicated that patients who had never been hospitalized for mental illness, who were native Swedes, or who had an independent living rated their satisfaction with care higher. Personality, measured with the Temperament and Character Inventory, showed a relationship to satisfaction with care on only one dimension, self-directedness, of seven. Some of the results indicated a relationship between subjective measures and satisfaction with care, and some did not, but, taken together, the findings suggested a partial influence from a subjective factor on both subjective measures of well-being and on satisfaction with care. However, associations between interviewer-rated measures of health-related variables and satisfaction with care proposed that the better-functioning patients were more satisfied with the care, in turn indicating that the services better suited these patients. Thus, assuming that the influence of treatment was controlled for through the selection of long-term mentally ill subjects, this study pointed to two determinants of satisfaction with care: a selectively working subjective factor and the services being better designed for the better-functioning patients.
|
|
| 4. |
- Eklund, Mona, et al.
(författare)
-
Psychometric evaluation of the Swedish version of Rosenberg’s self-esteem scale
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Psychiatry. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0803-9488 .- 1502-4725. ; 72:5, s. 318-324
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The widely used Rosenberg’s self-esteem scale (RSES) has not been evaluated for psychometric properties in Sweden. Aims: This study aimed at analyzing its factor structure, internal consistency, criterion, convergent and discriminant validity, sensitivity to change, and whether a four-graded Likert-type response scale increased its reliability and validity compared to a yes/no response scale. Methods: People with mental illness participating in intervention studies to (1) promote everyday life balance (N = 223) or (2) remedy self-stigma (N = 103) were included. Both samples completed the RSES and questionnaires addressing quality of life and sociodemographic data. Sample 1 also completed instruments chosen to assess convergent and discriminant validity: self-mastery (convergent validity), level of functioning and occupational engagement (discriminant validity). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), structural equation modeling, and conventional inferential statistics were used. Results: Based on both samples, the Swedish RSES formed one factor and exhibited high internal consistency (>0.90). The two response scales were equivalent. Criterion validity in relation to quality of life was demonstrated. RSES could distinguish between women and men (women scoring lower) and between diagnostic groups (people with depression scoring lower). Correlations >0.5 with variables chosen to reflect convergent validity and around 0.2 with variables used to address discriminant validity further highlighted the construct validity of RSES. The instrument also showed sensitivity to change. Conclusions: The Swedish RSES exhibited a one-component factor structure and showed good psychometric properties in terms of good internal consistency, criterion, convergent and discriminant validity, and sensitivity to change. The yes/no and the four-graded Likert-type response scales worked equivalently.
|
|
| 5. |
- Eklund, Mona, et al.
(författare)
-
Psychometric properties and factor structure of the Swedish version of the Perceived Stress Scale.
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Psychiatry. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0803-9488 .- 1502-4725. ; 68:7, s. 494-499
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) measures general stress and the Swedish version, although used in several studies, has not been extensively evaluated for psychometric properties. Aims: This study aimed to investigate psychometric properties and the factor solution of the Swedish 14-item version when used with two samples, namely a mixed Internet sample of women and men (n = 171) and another of women with stress-related disorders (n = 84). Classical test theory, including confirmatory factor analysis, was employed. Results: The factor structure supported a two-factor model for the PSS and confirmed other language versions of the PSS, although one items showed a low item-total correlation. The PSS showed to be feasible with the investigated samples and the results indicated no ceiling or floor effects and good internal consistency of the PSS. Several aspects of construct validity were shown. An association of − 0.66 between the PSS and a measure of coping indicated good concurrent validity. Criterion validity was demonstrated through a statistically significant difference (P < 0.001) between the women with stress-related disorders and the Internet sample. Predictive validity of the PSS could be demonstrated in a short-term perspective. Based on the sample with stress-related disorders, sensitivity to change was shown through a statistically significant stress reduction (P < 0.001) from entering work rehabilitation to discharge. Conclusions: The Swedish version of the PSS showed satisfactory psychometric properties and may be recommended for use with people with and without known stress-related disorders.
|
|
| 6. |
- Eklund, Mona, et al.
(författare)
-
Psychometric properties of a Swedish version of the Pearlin Mastery Scale in people with mental illness and healthy people
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Psychiatry. - Abingdon : Taylor & Francis. - 0803-9488 .- 1502-4725. ; 66:6, s. 380-388
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Mastery refers to the degree to which people perceive that they can control factors that influence their life situation, and has been found important for people's quality of life and well-being. It is thus essential to be able to measure mastery in a valid and reliable way. Aim: This study aimed at using the Rasch measurement model to investigate the psychometric properties of a Swedish version of the Pearlin Mastery Scale (Mastery-S). Methods: A sample of 300 healthy individuals and 278 persons with mental illness responded to the Mastery-S. Item responses were Rasch analysed regarding model fit, response category functioning, differential item functioning (DIF) and targeting, using the partial credit model. Results: The Mastery-S items represented a logical continuum of the measured construct but one item displayed misfit. Reliability (Person Separation Index) was 0.7. The response categories did not work as expected in three items, which could be corrected for by collapsing categories. Three items displayed DIF between the two subsamples, which caused a bias when comparing mastery levels between subsamples, suggesting the Mastery-S is not truly generic. Conclusions: The Mastery-S may be used to obtain valid and reliable data, but some precautions should be made. If used to compare groups, new analyses of DIF should first be made. Users of the scale should also consider exempting item 6 from the scale and analyse it as a separate item. Finally, rewording of response categories should be considered in order to make them more distinct and thereby improve score reliability.
|
|
| 7. |
- Eklund, Mona, et al.
(författare)
-
The ward atmosphere of a psychiatric day care unit on the basis of occupational therapy: Characteristics and development during a 5-year period
- 1996
-
Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Psychiatry. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1502-4725 .- 0803-9488. ; 50:2, s. 117-125
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As part of a process-outcome study the development of the ward atmosphere over 5 years in a psychiatric day care unit on the basis of occupational therapy was investigated. The Community Oriented Programs Environment Scale (COPES) was administered to patients -about equal numbers of psychotic and non-psychotic—and staff on ten occasions, covering three phases. The ward atmosphere was distinguished by high levels of involvement, support, order and organization, and program clarity and by low levels of anger and aggression and staff control. In phase one the ward atmosphere was mainly in accordance with recommendations for psychotic patients, but during phases two and three there was a development towards more optimal factors for non-psychotic patients, probably reflecting changing needs of the patients. The patient and staff ratings were more in accordance than in most other studies, probably due to high patient-staff interaction.
|
|
| 8. |
- Jansson, Jan-Åke, et al.
(författare)
-
Stability of perceived ward atmosphere over time, diagnosis and gender for patients with psychosis.
- 2002
-
Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Psychiatry. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1502-4725 .- 0803-9488. ; 56:6, s. 407-412
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study the focus was on patients with psychosis treated in a psychiatric rehabilitation unit in southern Sweden. The study described the stability of the ward atmosphere over 2 years, as well as differences between subgroups of patients regarding gender and diagnosis. Furthermore, the perceived ward atmosphere was compared with what has been recommended in the literature. The ward atmosphere was measured by The Community-Oriented Programs Environment Scale (COPES) five times during a 2-year period. The ward atmosphere was fairly stable over time, and in several respects it met the recommendations suggested for psychotic patients. There were few differences between schizophrenia patients and patients with other psychoses. No difference was found in perceived ward atmosphere with respect to gender. The study showed that the investigated unit, admitting almost only patients with psychosis, could provide a ward atmosphere accordance with the recommendations, probably due to a carefully planned program with a psychodynamically oriented supportive treatment milieu.
|
|
| 9. |
- Tuvesson, Hanna, et al.
(författare)
-
A revised Swedish version of the Ward Atmosphere Scale : Usability and psychometrics
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Psychiatry. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0803-9488 .- 1502-4725. ; 64:5, s. 303-309
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The ward atmosphere of psychiatric care units has a major impact on treatment and satisfaction for both patients and staff. The Ward Atmosphere Scale (WAS) was developed to capture the ward atmosphere in different psychiatric settings and is a well-established instrument for this purpose. However, there is need for an update and revision of the WAS.AIM: The aim of the present study was to test a Swedish version of the revised WAS in terms of its internal consistency, content and construct validity, and usability.METHODS: Data collection took place at four psychiatric wards and 31 patients and 34 staff completed the WAS, as well as content and construct validity questions.RESULTS: Results showed that the WAS had acceptable to satisfactory internal consistency for all subscales, except for autonomy. Low correlation values between the WAS and the Good Milieu Index were obtained, against which construct validity was discussed. Results of the content validity and usability questionnaires indicate that the WAS is easy to understand and complete, but some of the items were difficult for the respondents to understand and some of the subjects were missing aspects of the physical ward environment.CONCLUSIONS: The present study confirms that the Swedish version of the revised WAS can be useful for examining the ward atmosphere in psychiatric care. However, more studies are needed in order to further test the psychometric properties of the WAS and the results of the usability questionnaire may indicate a need to use supplementary instruments in order to capture the physical ward environment as well.
|
|
