| 1. |
- Ahmad, I., et al.
(författare)
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Validity of diagnoses, treatment dates, and rating scales in the Swedish national quality register for electroconvulsive therapy
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Psychiatry. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0803-9488 .- 1502-4725. ; 76:2, s. 96-103
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background The Swedish national quality register for electroconvulsive therapy (Q-ECT) contains data on patients receiving treatment with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in Sweden. Aim This study determined the validity of diagnoses, treatment dates, and rating scales in the Q-ECT by investigating the degree of accordance between data from the Q-ECT and patient records. Materials and methods From January 2016 to December 2017, 200 treatment series were randomly selected from the Q-ECT. The corresponding patient records were requested from the treating hospitals. Data on the indicative diagnosis, dates for the first and the last ECT session, and rating scales were compared between the Q-ECT and patient records using (i) a strict and (ii) a liberal method of assessment. Using the liberal method, each variable was assessed as accordant if it belonged to the same diagnosis group, or if the dates differed by less than 1 week, or ratings differed by only 1 point on the Clinical Global Impression Scale (CGI- S), or no more than 3 points on the Montgomery angstrom sberg Depression Rating Scale between the Q-ECT and the patient record. Results A total of 179 patient records were received. The strict method of assessment showed an accordance of 89% or higher for all studied variables. The liberal method showed an accordance of 95% or higher. Conclusions We conclude that data on the studied variables in the Q-ECT have high validity. However, limited use of some rating scales makes the results uncertain. Measures can be taken to further improve the data quality.
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| 2. |
- Dahl, A., et al.
(författare)
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SPIFA-A presentation of the Structured Psychiatric Interview for General Practice
- 2009
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Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Psychiatry. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0803-9488 .- 1502-4725. ; 63:6, s. 443-453
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The diagnostic ability of general practitioners (GPs) concerning mental disorders is not optimal, and could be improved by structured diagnostic interviews. Various aspects of the Structured Psychiatric Interview for General Practice (SPIFA) are examined. Aims: The inter-rater reliability of the SPIFA, the time used by GPs and specialists and the GPs satisfaction are examined. The properties of the SPIFA are compared with those of the Prime-MD and the MINI schedules. Methods: Inter-rater reliability of the SPIFA was tested in 336 patients in general practice. The patients were randomized to two interview strategies. Either both GPs and psychiatrists used the SPIFA, or GPs used the SPIFA and psychiatrists a modified version of the SCID for Axis I disorders. The satisfaction was investigated by a questionnaire sent to 1000 GPs who had SPIFA training. Results: The SPIFA showed adequate inter-rater reliability for depression, anxiety disorders and increased suicidal risk for both interview strategies. In patients with more than two co-morbid disorders, the inter-rater reliability was poor. The mean duration of SPIFA was 21 min for SPIFA screening and 22 min for SPIFA manual. The 192 GPs responding to the questionnaire were mostly satisfied with the SPIFA. Conclusions: The SPIFA seems to be a reliable, valid and helpful instrument for GPs making diagnoses of mental disorders in their patients. Compared with the Prime MD and the MINI, the SPIFA seemed to have comparable psychometric properties but better feasibility in primary care.
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| 3. |
- Holm, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Improvement of cycloid psychosis following electroconvulsive therapy
- 2017
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Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Psychiatry. - : TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD. - 0803-9488 .- 1502-4725. ; 71:6, s. 405-410
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The treatment of choice for cycloid psychosis has traditionally been electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), but there is a lack of studies on its effectiveness.Aims: The primary aim of this register study was to determine the rates of remission and response after ECT for cycloid psychosis. The secondary aim was to examine possible predictors of outcome.Methods: Data were obtained from the National Quality Register for ECT in Sweden. The study population was patients (n=42) who received ECT for acute polymorphic psychotic disorder without symptoms of schizophrenia or for cycloid psychosis between 2011-2015 in 13 hospitals. Remission and response rates were calculated using Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S) and -Improvement scores, respectively. Variables with possible predictive value were tested using Chi-square and Fisher's exact test.Results: The response rate was 90.5%. The remission rate was 45.2%. Of 42 patients, 40 improved their CGI-S score after ECT (p<0.001). The mean number of ECT treatments was 2.5 for non-responders and 7.0 for responders (p=0.010). The mean number of ECT treatments did not differ significantly between remitters and non-remitters (7.2 vs 6.1, p=0.31). None of the other investigated potential predictors was statistically significantly associated with outcome.Conclusions: ECT is an effective treatment for cycloid psychosis. Future studies need to compare the outcome of ECT to that of other treatment strategies. Clinical implications: The high response rate with ECT indicates that cycloid psychosis is a clinically useful diagnosis.
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| 4. |
- Marteinsdottir, Ina, et al.
(författare)
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The role of life events in social phobia
- 2007
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Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Psychiatry. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0803-9488 .- 1502-4725. ; 61:3, s. 207-212
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to investigate the relationship between life events and social phobia. An inventory assessing life events during childhood, adulthood as well as life events experienced in relation to the onset of the disorder was administrated to 30 subjects with a DSM-IV diagnosis of social phobia. They were recruited by announcement and diagnosed by the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV for axes I and II disorders. Seventy-five controls were selected by matching age and gender from the local population register. Individuals with social phobia reported significantly more life events during childhood and more life events with negative impact during the social phobia debuting year. Conversely, they described fewer events in the adult life than the controls. Close relatives with disabling conditions in the childhood, conflicts with wife/husband/cohabitant and divorces or similar were significantly more common in the debuting year in social phobic group. In adult life, the healthy individuals described significantly more often increased authority at work. A gender-specific analysis revealed significantly more experiences of a death of a relative/close friend during the year before the social phobia debut and significantly more negative life events in the women's adult life. In summary, the present results support that life events have a role in social phobia that may be gender influenced.
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| 5. |
- Nordenskjöld, Axel, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Predictors of regained occupational functioning after electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in patients with major depressive disorder : a population based cohort study
- 2013
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Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Psychiatry. - Oxfordshire, United Kingdom : Taylor & Francis. - 0803-9488 .- 1502-4725. ; 67:5, s. 326-333
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: The aim of the present study is to investigate the rate of regained occupational functioning among patients treated with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for major depression and to define predictors of time to regained occupational functioning.Methods: A nested cohort study was performed of patients treated by ECT for unipolar major depressive disorder registered in the Quality register for ECT and in the Swedish Social Insurance Agency registry. Predictive values of single clinical variables and their relative importance were tested with Cox regression analysis.Results: 394 patients were identified. Of those, 266 were on non-permanent sick leave and 128 on disability pension during ECT. Within 1 year post-ECT, 71% of the patients with non-permanent sick leave regained occupational functioning. Factors independently associated with a statistically significant increased time to regained occupational functioning were longer duration of sick leave pre-ECT, milder depression pre-ECT, less complete improvement with ECT, benzodiazepine treatment after ECT and co-morbid substance dependence.Conclusions: A large proportion of the patients do not return to work within several months post-ECT. Paradoxically, patients with more severe depression pre-ECT had a reduced time to regained occupational functioning, indicating a larger effect in this patients group of the treatment. Moreover, the period with sick leave compensation might be reduced if ECT is initiated within the first 3 months of sick leave.Clinical implications: Most patients on non-permanent sick leave regain occupational functioning after ECT. However, it usually takes a few months even in symptomatically improved patients.
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| 6. |
- Nordenskjöld, Axel, et al.
(författare)
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Rehospitalization rate after continued electroconvulsive therapy : a retrospective chart review of patients with severe depression
- 2011
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Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Psychiatry. - : Informa Healthcare. - 0803-9488 .- 1502-4725. ; 65:1, s. 26-31
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Electroconvulsive therapy, ECT, is an effective acute treatment for severe depression. Today ECT is usually discontinued when the patient’s depressive symptoms abate, although relapse is common. Some studies suggest that continuation ECT (cECT) may prevent relapse of depression, but there are few studies available.Aims: The aim of this study was to describe the need for inpatient care before, during and after cECT. Methods: A retrospective chart. review was conducted of all patients (n=27) treated with cECT between 2005 and 2007 at Orebro University Hospital, Sweden. All patients were severely depressed at the initiation of index ECT. The DSM-IV diagnoses were major depression (n=19), bipolar depression (n=5) or schizoaffective depression (n=3).Results: The hospital day quotient was lower (HDQ=15) during cECT (mean duration+/-standard deviation=104+/-74 days) than during the 3 years prior to cECT (HDQ=26). The rehospitalization rate was 43% within 6 months and 58% within 2 years after the initiation of cECT. Seven patients were rehospitalized while on cECT.Conclusion: The need for inpatient care was reduced during cECT. However, rehospitalization was common. At the initiation of the cECT, the patients were improved by the index ECT. Also cECT was often terminated after rehospitalization, which contributed to the lowered hospital day quotient during cECT. Randomized clinical trials are needed to establish the efficacy of cECT. Clinical implications: Relapses and recurrences in depressed patients are common after ECT treatment. The results indicate that continuation ECT combined with pharmacotherapy might be an alternative treatment strategy.
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| 7. |
- Ramklint, Mia, et al.
(författare)
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Child and adolescent psychiatric disorders predicting adult personality disorder : A follow-up study
- 2003
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Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Psychiatry. - 0803-9488 .- 1502-4725. ; 57:1, s. 23-28
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this study was to examine associations between childhood and adolescent psychiatric disorders and adult personality disorders in a group of former child psychiatric inpatients. One hundred and fifty-eight former inpatients with a mean age of 30.5 +/- 7.1 years at investigation had their childhood and adolescentAxis I disorders, obtained from their medical records, coded into DSM-IV diagnoses.Personality disorders in adulthood were assessed by means of the DSM-IV and ICD-10 Personality Questionnaire (DIP-Q). The predictive effects of child and adolescentAxis I disorders on adult personality disorders were examined with logistic regression analyses. The odds of adult schizoid, avoidant, dependent, borderline and schizotypalpersonality disorders increased by almost 10, five, four, three and three times, respectively, given a prior major depressive disorder. Those effects were independent of age, sex and other Axis I disorders. In addition, the odds of adult narcissistic and antisocial personality disorders increased by more than six and five times, respectively, given a prior disruptive disorder, and the odds of adult borderline, schizotypal, avoidant and paranoid personality disorders increased between two and three times given a prior substance-related disorder. The results illustrate an association between mental disorders in childhood and adolescence and adultpersonality disorders. Identification and successful treatment of childhood psychiatricdisorders may help to reduce the risk for subsequent development of an adultpersonality disorder.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- von Knorring, Lars
(författare)
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History of the Nordic Psychiatric Cooperation
- 2012
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Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Psychiatry. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0803-9488 .- 1502-4725. ; 66:S1, s. 54-60
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Nordic countries include Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden as well the Faroe Islands, Greenland, Svalbard and Aland. The countries share much common history as well as common traits in their respective societies. As early as 1906, a Scandinavian Psychiatric Association was suggested. The first Nordic Psychiatric Congress was held in Copenhagen 1913. After the First World War, at the 6th Nordic Psychiatric Congress in Stockholm 1935, a Nordic Psychiatric Association was founded and it was decided that a Nordic Journal of Psychiatry should be founded. After the Second World War, at the 8th Nordic Psychiatric Congress in Copenhagen 1946, the Nordic Psychiatric Association was terminated. At this time, the most important task of the Association, to found a Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, had been achieved. After 1946, there has been a close cooperation between the Nordic countries but no common Nordic Psychiatric Association. Today, the Nordic Psychiatric Cooperation is active and ongoing. The 30th Nordic Psychiatric Congress is scheduled to be held in Tromso, in 2012. The Nordic Journal of Psychiatry is publishing its 64th volume. The Journal is indexed in the important international databases and the impact factor is increasing. The Joint Committee of the Nordic psychiatric associations has established itself as the owner of the Journal and the organizer of the congresses. There are also a series of Nordic cooperations in a series of different fields, such as the Scandinavian Societies of Biological Psychiatry, the Scandinavian College of Neuropsychopharmacology (SCNP), the bi-annual Nordic Psychoanalytical Congresses, the Scandinavian Psychoanalytic Review, the Nordic Association of Psychiatric Epidemiology, NAPE, and so on.
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