| 1. |
- Abdollahi, Abbas, et al.
(författare)
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Coping Style as a Moderator of Perfectionism and Suicidal Ideation Among Undergraduate Students
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0894-9085 .- 1573-6563. ; 35:3, s. 223-239
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Suicide is a serious and growing public health problem and remains an unnecessary cause of death globally. In Iran, the highest prevalence of acute and chronic suicidal ideation is among young people aged 16-24. This study investigates the relationship between coping style, two types of perfectionism, and suicidal ideation among undergraduates, and examines coping style as a moderator of the relationship between perfectionism and suicidal ideation. Multi-stage cluster random sampling was employed to recruit 547 undergraduate students aged 19-24 years from the Islamic Azad University of Karaj. Structural Equation Modelling indicated that suicidal ideation was negatively associated with adaptive perfectionism and task-focused coping but positively associated with emotion-focused coping, avoidance coping, and maladaptive perfectionism. Coping style (including the three styles of task-focused, emotion-focused, and avoidance coping) was found to moderate the relationship between perfectionism and suicidal ideation. The study advances understanding of the importance of coping style in this context and explains how perfectionism affects suicidal ideation.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Gort, Cassandra, et al.
(författare)
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Procrastination, Affective State, Rumination, and Sleep Quality : Investigating Reciprocal Effects with Ambulatory Assessment
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy. - : Springer. - 0894-9085 .- 1573-6563. ; 39:1, s. 58-85
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Procrastination is a prevalent problem among university students and associated with high long-term costs, but the short-term antecedents and consequences of procrastination are not well understood. Some related negative outcomes could be consequences as well as predictors of procrastination. The aim of the present study was to investigate possible reciprocal associations of affective, cognitive and health-related characteristics associated with procrastination on a momentary basis. Using ambulatory assessment, state procrastination, rumination, affective valence, and objective and subjective sleep quality were assessed over the course of 1 week. It was hypothesized that moments/days of more procrastination would be characterized by more concurrent positive affective valence and followed by moments/days of greater rumination and more negative affective valence, as well as poorer sleep quality the following night. These relations were assumed to be reciprocal, with more rumination, more negative affective valence and poorer sleep quality predicting procrastination, thus forming a self-perpetuating cycle. Multilevel modeling was used to analyze the data of 3797 observations from 63 university students. Contrary to hypotheses, procrastination moments were characterized by more concurrent negative affective valence. Furthermore, the analyses revealed no prospective reciprocal associations of the assessed constructs. Overall, the results do not support existing theoretical assumptions and research on antecedents and consequences of procrastination.
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| 4. |
- Bolin, Kristian, et al.
(författare)
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Utilisation of physician services in the 50+population: the relative importance of individual versus institutional factors in 10 European countries
- 2009
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Ingår i: International Journal of Health Care Finance and Economics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-6962 .- 1389-6563. ; 9:1, s. 83-112
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We analysed the relative importance of individual versus institutional factors in explaining variations in the utilisation of physician services among the 50+ in ten European countries. The importance of the latter was investigated, distinguishing between organisational (explicit) and cultural (implicit) institutional factors, by analysing the influence of supply side factors, such as physician density and physician reimbursement, and demand side factors, such as co-payment and gate-keeping, while controlling for a number of individual characteristics, using cross-national individual-level data from SHARE. Individual differences in health status accounted for about 50% of the between-country variation in physician visits, while the organisational and cultural factors considered each accounted for about 15% of the variation. The organisational variables showed the expected signs, with higher physician density being associated with more visits and higher co-payment, gate-keeping, and salary reimbursement being associated with less visits. When analysing specialist visits separately, however, organisational and cultural factors played a greater role, each accounting for about 30% of the between-country variation, whereas individual health differences only accounted for 11% of the variation.
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| 5. |
- Kotsadam, Andreas, 1980
(författare)
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The employment costs of caregiving in Norway
- 2012
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Ingår i: International Journal of Health Care Finance & Economics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1389-6563 .- 1573-6962. ; 12:4, s. 269-283
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Informal eldercare is an important pillar of modern welfare states and the ongoing demographic transition increases the demand for it while social trends reduce the supply. Substantial opportunity costs of informal eldercare in terms of forgone labor opportunities have been identified, yet the effects seem to differ substantially across states and there is a controversy on the effects in the Nordic welfare states. In this study, the effects of informal care on the probability of being employed, the number of hours worked, and wages in Norway are analyzed using data from the Life cOurse, Generation, and Gender survey. New and previously suggested instrumental variables are used to control for the potential endogeneity existing between informal care and employment-related outcomes. In total, being an informal caregiver in Norway is found to entail substantially less costs in terms of forgone formal employment opportunities than in non-Nordic welfare states.
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| 6. |
- Lundh, Lars-Gunnar
(författare)
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Perfectionism and acceptance
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy. - 0894-9085. ; 22:4, s. 251-265
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present paper argues that there is both a positive and a negative form of perfectionism, and that they can be differentiated in terms of acceptance. The basic argument is that there is nothing unhealthy or dysfunctional about the striving for perfection as such—perfectionism, however, becomes dysfunctional when this striving for perfection turns into a demand for perfection, defined as an inability to accept being less than perfect. Positive perfectionism, in other words, is viewed as a dialectic combination of (a) a striving for perfection, and (b) the acceptance of non-perfection. Some therapeutic implications are discussed, and some directions for further research are pointed out.
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| 7. |
- Sigurdsson, Eyjolfur, et al.
(författare)
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Early discharge and home intervention reduces unit costs after total hip replacement: results of a cost analysis in a randomized study
- 2008
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Ingår i: International Journal of Health Care Finance and Economics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-6962 .- 1389-6563. ; 8:3, s. 181-192
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Total hip replacement (THR) is a common and costly procedure. The number of THR is expected to increase over the coming years. Two pathways of postoperative treatment were compared in a randomized study. Fifty patients from two hospitals were randomized into a study group (SG) of 27 patients receiving preoperative and postoperative education programs, as well as home visits from an outpatient team. A control group (CG) of 23 patients received "conventional" rehabilitation augmented by a stay at a rehabilitation center if needed. All costs for the two groups both in hospitals and after discharge were collected and analyzed. On average total costs for the SG were $8,550 and $11,952 for the CG, a 28% cost reduction. Total inpatient costs were $5,225 for the SG and $6,515 for the CG. In a regression analysis the group difference is statistically significant. Adjusting for changes in the Oxford Hip Score gives effective costs (C/E). The ratio of the SGs C/E to the CGs is 0.60. That is a cost-effectiveness gain of 40%. A shorter hospital stay augmented with better preoperative education and home treatment appears to be more effective and costs less than the traditional in hospital pathway of treatment.
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| 8. |
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