| 1. |
- Sul, Young-Taeg, 1960, et al.
(författare)
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Oxidized, bioactive implants are rapidly and strongly integrated in bone. Part 1--experimental implants.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Clinical Oral Implants Research. - : Wiley. - 0905-7161 .- 1600-0501. ; 17:5, s. 521-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: The study presented was designed to investigate the speed and the strength of osseointegration of oxidized implants at early healing times in comparison which machined, turned implants. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Screw-shaped titanium implants were prepared and divided into two groups: magnesium ion incorporated, oxidized implants (Mg implants, n=10) and machined, turned implants (controls, n=10). Mg implants were prepared using micro-arc oxidation methods. Surface oxide properties of implants such as surface chemistry, oxide thickness, morphology/pore characteristics, crystal structures and roughness were characterized with various surface analytic techniques. Implants were inserted into the tibiae of ten New Zealand white rabbits. After a follow-up period of 3 and 6 weeks, removal torque (RTQ), osseointegration speed (DeltaRTQ/Deltahealing time) and integration strength of implants were measured. Bonding failure analysis of the bone-to-implant interface was performed. RESULTS: The speed the and strength of osseointegration of Mg implants were significantly more rapid and stronger than for turned implants at follow-up periods of 3 and 6 weeks. Bonding failure for Mg implants dominantly occurred within the bone tissue, whereas bonding failure for turned implants mainly occurred at the interface between implant and bone. CONCLUSIONS: Oxidized, bioactive implants are rapidly and strongly integrated in bone. The present results indicate that the rapid and strong integration of oxidized, bioactive Mg implants to bone may encompass immediate/early loading of clinical implants.
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| 2. |
- Truedsson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Bone substitute as an on-lay graft on rat tibia
- 2010
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Ingår i: Clinical Oral Implants Research. - : Wiley. - 1600-0501 .- 0905-7161. ; 21:4, s. 424-429
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives To investigate the capacity of Cerament (R), an injectable bone substitute, to guide bone generation from a cortical surface. Materials and method Cerament (R) was applied to the cortical surface of rat tibiae and investigated histologically after 3, 6 and 12 weeks, using a procedure similar to that performed in sham-operated rats. Results In both groups, the thickness of the bone cortex increased significantly from 473 +/- 58 mu m (mean +/- SD) at day 0 to 1193 +/- 255 mu m (Cerament (R)) and 942 +/- 323 mu m (sham) after 3 weeks. In the Cerament (R) group, the new bone thickness remained constant (1258 +/- 288 mu m) until the end of the experiment at 12 weeks, while the sham group demonstrated a return to initial cortical thickness (591 +/- 73 mu m) at 12 weeks. The newly formed bone in the Cerament (R) group was highly trabecular after 3 weeks but attained a normal trabecular structure of the cortex after 12 weeks. Conclusion Cerament (R) may guide bone generation from an intact cortical bone surface. Although bone remodeling speed may differ between rats and humans, our study indicates that Cerament (R) may become a useful alternative to autologous bone, both to fill defects and to increase bone volume by cortical augmentation. To cite this article:Truedsson A, Wang J-S, Lindberg P, Gordh M, Sunzel B, Warfvinge G. Bone substitute as an on-lay graft on rat tibia. Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 21, 2010; 424-429.doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2009.01875.x.
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| 3. |
- Balatsouka, Dimitra, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of systemic administration of nicotine on healing in osseous defects. An experimental study in rabbits. Part II.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Clinical oral implants research. - : Wiley. - 0905-7161 .- 1600-0501. ; 17:5, s. 488-94
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to analyze the effect of systemic administration of nicotine on bone healing in osseous defects in the tibia of rabbits. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixteen female rabbits received nicotine (n=8; test group) or saline (n=8; control group) via subcutaneously placed mini-osmotic pumps for 8 weeks. The animals underwent three surgical operations during the experimental period, and body weight was registered weekly. Blood samples were collected to determine cotinine and prostaglandin E(2) levels. Bone preparations were made in the right leg of all rabbits after 4 weeks and in the left leg after 6 weeks of nicotine/placebo exposure. Thus, 2- and 4-week healing groups were created for the bone defects. After 8 weeks, the animals were killed. Tissue blocks including the bone defects were prepared for histological analysis. RESULTS: The animals in the test group lost weight, while the control group gained weight during the experiment. The prostaglandin E(2) levels in plasma increased significantly following nicotine exposure in the test group. No significant differences in the percentage of vessels and bone density in the osseous defects were found between the test and the control groups after 2 and 4 weeks of healing. CONCLUSIONS: In this experiment, systemic administration of nicotine over 4 or 6 weeks, respectively, influenced body weight and systemic prostaglandin E(2) levels but not the amount of blood vessels and the bone mineral density in bone defects after 2 or 4 weeks of healing.
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| 4. |
- Balatsouka, D, et al.
(författare)
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The impact of nicotine on bone healing and osseointegration - An experimental study in rabbits
- 2005
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Ingår i: Clinical Oral Implants Research. - : Wiley. - 1600-0501 .- 0905-7161. ; 16:3, s. 268-276
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objecives: To examine the short-term effect of nicotine on bone healing and osseointegration. Material and methods: Sixteen female rabbits were divided into two groups. The test group was exposed to nicotine tartrate for 8 weeks and the control group was exposed to placebo. Nicotine or placebo was administered via a miniosmotic pump and plasma cotinine levels were measured weekly. The pump delivered 15 mg of nicotine/day for the animals in the test group. All rabbits had three tibial bone preparations. In the proximal and distal bone bed, implants were placed after 4 weeks (right tibia) and after 6 weeks (left tibia). Thus, 2- and 4-week healing groups were created. Removal torque test (RMT) was performed at the distal implants. Ground sections were made from the proximal and the central bone beds. The fraction of mineralized bone in contact to the implant (BIC) and the bone density within the implant threads (BD-i) were determined for the bone-implant specimens. For the central bone beds without implants the bone density (BD-c) in the bone defects was determined. Results: No significant difference in RMT values was found between the test and the control group. Histomorphometric measurements of the BIC and the peri-implant BD-i showed no significant differences between the test and the control group after 2 or 4 weeks. Significant differences were, however, found between the 2- and 4-week samples. In the central bone beds, there was no significant difference in BD-c between the test and the control group. Conclusion: Nicotine exposure in a short period of time did not have a significant impact on bone healing or implant osseointegration in rabbits.
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| 5. |
- Balatsouka, Dimitra, et al.
(författare)
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The impact of nicotine on osseointegration. An experimental study in the femur and tibia of rabbits.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Clinical oral implants research. - : Wiley. - 0905-7161 .- 1600-0501. ; 16:4, s. 389-95
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to analyze the effect of an enhanced systematic dose of nicotine on osseointegration of titanium implants. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixteen female rabbits received either nicotine (n=8) or saline (n=8) administered subcutaneously via mini-osmotic pumps for 2 months. The pump delivered 6 mug/kg/min of nicotine for the animals in the test group. Blood was withdrawn and plasma cotinine levels were measured weekly. Thirty-two titanium implants were inserted into the femur and tibia of all rabbits after 4 weeks and after 6 weeks of nicotine/placebo exposure. Thus, 2- and 4-week healing groups were created. Biomechanical evaluation by (i) resonance frequency analysis test (RFA) on all implants after insertion and before sacrifice and (ii) removal torque test (RMT) on tibial implants before sacrifice was performed. All implants placed in the femur were processed to undecalcified ground sections. The percentage of bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and of bone area within the threads (BD-i) were measured. RESULTS: No significant difference in RMT and RFA values was found between the test and the control group. Histomorphometric measurements of the BIC and the peri-implant BD-i showed no significant differences between the test and the control group after 2 or after 4 weeks. CONCLUSION: Nicotine exposure for a short period of time even in a high dose did not have a significant impact on implant osseointegration in rabbits.
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| 6. |
- Jemt, Torsten, 1950, et al.
(författare)
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Accuracy of implant-supported prostheses in the edentulous jaw: analysis of precision of fit between cast gold-alloy frameworks and master casts by means of a three-dimensional photogrammetric technique.
- 1995
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Ingår i: Clinical Oral Implants Research. - : Wiley. - 0905-7161 .- 1600-0501. ; 6:3, s. 172-80
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Distortions of 15 routine implant-supported prostheses were measured in relation to the master casts after completion by means of a 3-dimensional (3-D) photogrammetric technique. All prostheses were designed as one-piece gold-alloy castings with resin teeth. Five of the prostheses were placed in the edentulous maxilla, and the remaining were placed in the lower jaw. Distortion of the cylinders was mostly observed in the horizontal plane (x- and y-axis) while the vertical aspect seemed to be more stable. The mean 3-D center point distortion was 42 (SD 15) and 74 (SD 38) microns for the upper and lower jaws, respectively. The measurements revealed a range of 3-D center point distortion from 16 to 80 and 15 to 165 microns for the different jaws, respectively. The corresponding 3-D mean angular distortion of the cylinders was 51 (SD 35) microns in lower and 70 (SD 75) microns in the upper jaws. A correlation was found between 3-D center point distortion and the width as well as the curvature of the implant arch, indicating more displacement the wider and the more curved the arch was. The 3-D center point distortion was also significantly higher in the upper jaws which could possibly be explained by the curvature of the implant arch and higher numbers of implants in the upper jaws. Further problems with the fit of upper jaw castings could be related to more alloy in the castings and poor alignment of implants.
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| 7. |
- Jemt, Torsten, 1950, et al.
(författare)
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Mucosal topography around implants in edentulous upper jaws. Photogrammetric three-dimensional measurements of the effect of replacement of a removable prosthesis with a fixed prosthesis.
- 1994
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Ingår i: Clinical oral implants research. - : Wiley. - 0905-7161 .- 1600-0501. ; 5:4, s. 220-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A photogrammetric technique was tested to measure the topography of the mucosa around implants, placed in edentulous upper jaws. Photographs were taken of casts from 6 patients, who all had used a removable overdenture for one year. Another series of photographs was taken on new casts after the use of a fixed prosthesis for a second year. The 6 pairs of photographs were measured and compared in an analytical stereo plotter for surface contour and implant positions. The results from the measurements indicated a trend of general recession of the mucosa after one year with fixed prosthesis, both on the buccal as well as on the palatal side. The mean volume of recession was 222.4 mm3, corresponding to an average of 0.4 mm3/mm2 of mucosa. More recession was generally observed on the palatal side, but obvious variations between the patients were present. In conclusion, the photogrammetric technique was considered to be well suited for analysing tissue contours in various dental situations.
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| 8. |
- Johansson, Carina B., 1955, et al.
(författare)
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Enhanced implant integration with hierarchically structured implants: a pilot study in rabbits
- 2012
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Ingår i: Clinical Oral Implants Research. - : Wiley. - 1600-0501 .- 0905-7161. ; 23:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To investigate bone-to-implant bonding for some novel surface modifications with a hierarchic structure and to correlate the in vivo results with surface roughness parameters. Materials and methods: Newly developed implants surfaces were tested in rabbits and compared with the commercially available OsseoSpeed™ (OS) implant. The blasted test samples were subjected to treatment in oxalic acid (AT-II), followed by subsequent etching in hydrofluoric acid (AT-I). Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to characterize the surface topography and chemical composition of the implants. Biomechanical testing after 6 weeks of healing was complemented with the quantification of fluorochromes and the results were subjected to a multivariate statistical analysis. Results: The results show, both with biomechanical- and with histomorphometrical tests, that the AT-I implants with different surface roughness at the micro (blasting), submicro (shallow cavities) and nanolevels (precipitates) have a greater bone tissue integration compared with the AT-II- and OS implants. The 2D bone-to-implant contact (BIC) data were in accordance with the 3D removal torque (RTQ) results even if the former were deduced from implants located in spongeous-type bone and the latter in cortical bone. The increase in RTQ values for the test samples AT-I and AT-II compared with the reference complies with the slightly higher Sa values for these surfaces. Conclusions: Using a combination of conventional methods with novel quantification of florochrome and multivariate analysis, the influence of surface roughness on different levels could be discriminated. The RTQ and BIC values show that the most hierarchical structure with submicro cavities and nanoscale precipitates possesses the most favourable osseointegration properties.
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| 9. |
- Lie, Anders, 1959, et al.
(författare)
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Photogrammetric measurements of implant positions. Description of a technique to determine the fit between implants and superstructures.
- 1994
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Ingår i: Clinical oral implants research. - : Wiley. - 0905-7161 .- 1600-0501. ; 5:1, s. 30-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A photogrammetric technique was designed to measure the position of dental implants in 3 dimensions to enable assessment of the fit of superstructures placed on the implants. A relatively simple camera set-up was developed and tested. Calibration of the camera was performed in a high-precision analytical plotter and revealed a film measurement accuracy of 0.005 mm. The achieved measuring accuracy for clear and well defined points on clinical components was found to be around 0.02 mm. To find the center points of the implants, points on the circumference were measured. These points are not well defined, which resulted in an estimation of the center point of the implant with a precision of 0.05 mm. Independent measurements of a prosthesis with 5 implants were also within the precision of 0.05 mm. The angular orientation of the top surface of the implant cylinder (abutment, brass replica of gold alloy cylinder of the framework) was measured with a precision of 0.01 radians, which corresponded to an error with a peripheral gap of about 0.03 mm. This value was about 5-10 times lower than the clinical fit between frameworks and abutments, measured in 3 randomly selected clinical cases.
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| 10. |
- Truedsson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Maxillary sinus augmentation with iliac autograft - a health-economic analysis.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Clinical Oral Implants Research. - : Wiley. - 1600-0501 .- 0905-7161. ; 24:10, s. 1088-1093
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: To estimate and compare the costs of maxillary sinus augmentation performed with autologous bone graft either from the iliac crest or from local bone harvested from the mandibula. To evaluate post-operative health-related quality-of-life parameters for patients subjected to sinus augmentation and iliac bone surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The hospital records of 14 patients subjected to sinus augmentation with iliac autograft, and 14 patients treated with local autograft, were analysed with regard to costs related to surgery, hospitalization and sick leave. Post-operative health parameters were assessed with a questionnaire. RESULTS: Mean hospital costs, administration excluded, for sinus augmentation with iliac autograft was €3447. Policlinic treatment alternatives e.g. local bone autograft with or without bone substitutes, rendered costs of approximately 42% thereof. The loss of production for a worker was 41% of the total cost (€9285). With regard to health-related quality-of-life and post-operative morbidity, most of the patients had recovered 14 days after the iliac graft surgery. CONCLUSION: The cost for a sinus augmentation with iliac surgery exceeds that of a policlinic procedure manifold. Provided that a policlinic operation with local bone, with or without bone substitute, renders an adequate end result, the economic gain would be substantial and post-operative morbidity would be greatly reduced.
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