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| 2. |
- Johnell, Olof, et al.
(författare)
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Latitude, socioeconomic prosperity, mobile phones and hip fracture risk.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Osteoporosis International. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1433-2965 .- 0937-941X. ; 18:3, s. 333-337
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction Epidemiological observations suggest that sunlight exposure is an important determinant of hip fracture risk. The aim of this ecological study was to examine the relationship between latitude and hip fracture probability. Methods Hip fracture incidence and mortality were obtained from literature searches and 10-year hip fracture probability computed from fracture and death hazards. Results There was a significant association between latitude and 10-year hip fracture probability. For each 10 degrees change in latitude from the equator (e.g., from Paris to Stockholm), fracture probability increased by 0.3% in men, by 0.8% in women and by 0.6% in men and women combined. There was also a significant association between economic prosperity and hip fracture risk as judged by gross domestic product (GDP)/capita or the use of mobile phones/capita. A US $10,000 higher GDP/capita was associated with a 1.3% increase in hip fracture probability. The association between latitude and hip fracture probability persisted after adjusting for indices of economic prosperity. Conclusions These findings provide support for an important role of sunlight exposure in the global variation of hip fracture risk. In addition, there is a need to identify the factors related to socioeconomic prosperity that may provide mechanisms for the variation in hip fracture probability worldwide.
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| 4. |
- Jonsson, B, et al.
(författare)
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Cost-effectiveness of Denosumab for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis
- 2011
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Ingår i: Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1433-2965. ; 22:3, s. 967-982
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 5. |
- Kanis, JA, et al.
(författare)
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Cost-effectiveness of risedronate for the treatment of osteoporosis and prevention of fractures in postmenopausal women
- 2004
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Ingår i: Osteoporosis International. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1433-2965 .- 0937-941X. ; 15:11, s. 862-871
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Randomized, double-blind, controlled studies have shown that treatment with risedronate reduces the risk of vertebral fracture in postmenopausal women with established vertebral osteoporosis. They also show that the drug decreases the risk of non-vertebral fractures in women with osteoporosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the cost-effectiveness of risedronate in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. A Markov model was applied to a UK setting. Treatment effects were computed by meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials and given over 5 years to subjects aged between 60 and 80 years. Quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and life years gained were used as outcome measures. Intervention with risedronate was cost-effective in women aged 60 years and older. Cost savings were also found for postmenopausal women aged 70 years and older with established vertebral osteoporosis (a prior spine fracture and BMD T-score less than or equal to-2.5 SD). This treatment was cost-effective for women aged 65 years and older who had a prior vertebral fracture and a BMD T-score at the threshold of osteoporosis (T-score=-2.5 SD), and in women with a T-scoreless than or equal to-2.5 SD, but without a prior vertebral fracture. In women aged 60-80 years and at the threshold of osteoporosis (T-score=-2.5 SD) but without a prior vertebral fracture, treatment exceeded the threshold for cost-effectiveness. However, if an additional, independent risk factor was assumed (e.g., corticosteroid use) treatment became cost-effective.
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| 6. |
- Kanis, JA, et al.
(författare)
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Excess mortality after hospitalisation for vertebral fracture
- 2004
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Ingår i: Osteoporosis International. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1433-2965 .- 0937-941X. ; 15:2, s. 108-112
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An excess mortality is well described after vertebral fracture. Deaths are in part related to co-morbidity, but could also be due to the fracture event itself, either directly or indirectly. The aim of this study was to examine the quantum and pattern of mortality following vertebral fracture. We identified 16,051 men and women aged 50 years or more with a vertebral fracture that required hospitalization in 28.8 million person years from the patient register of Sweden. Mortality after vertebral fracture was examined using Poisson models applied to fracture patients and compared to that of the general population. At all ages, the risk of death was markedly increased immediately after the event. After a short period of declining risk, the risk increased with age at a rate that was higher than that of the general population and comparable to that 1 year after hip fracture. The latter function was assumed to be due to deaths related to co-morbidity and the residuum assumed to be due to the vertebral fracture. Causally related deaths comprised 28% of all deaths associated with vertebral fracture (depending on age). We conclude that a minority of deaths following hospitalization for vertebral fracture are attributable to the fracture itself under the assumptions we used.
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| 7. |
- Kanis, JA, et al.
(författare)
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The risk and burden of vertebral fractures in Sweden
- 2004
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Ingår i: Osteoporosis International. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1433-2965 .- 0937-941X. ; 15:1, s. 20-26
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to determine the risk and burden of vertebral fractures judged as those coming to clinical attention and as morphometric fractures. Incidence and utility loss were computed from data from Malmo, Sweden. Clinical fractures accounted for 23% of all vertebral deformities in women and for 42% in men. The average 10-year fracture probability for morphometric fractures increased with age in men from 2.9% at the age of 50 years (7.2% in women) to 8.4 at the age of 85 years (26.7% in women). As expected, probabilities increased with decreasing T-score for hip BMD. Cumulative utility loss from a clinical vertebral fracture was substantial and was 50-62% of that due to a hip fracture depending on age. When incidence of fractures in the population was weighted by disutility, all spine fractures accounted for more morbidity than hip fracture up to the age of 75 years. We conclude that vertebral fractures have a major personal and societal impact that needs to be recognised in algorithms for assessment of risk and in health economic strategies for osteoporosis.
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| 8. |
- Marsell, Richard, et al.
(författare)
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Relation between fibroblast growth factor-23, body weight and bone mineral density in elderly men
- 2009
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Ingår i: Osteoporosis International. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0937-941X .- 1433-2965. ; 20:7, s. 1167-1173
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We evaluated the relation between serum FGF23 and bone mineral density (BMD) in a community-based cohort of elderly men. There was a weak correlation between FGF23 and BMD, which was primarily dependent on body weight.INTRODUCTION: FGF23 is a hormonal factor produced in bone and regulates serum levels of phosphate (Pi) and vitamin D. FGF23 over-expression is associated with skeletal abnormalities, including rickets/osteomalacia. The relation between FGF23 and Bone Mineral Density (BMD) in the community remains unexplored.METHODS: We employed a large, population-based cohort of 3014 Swedish men aged 69-80 years, without known renal disease. BMD was measured with dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in the hip and lumbar spine. Serum intact FGF23 was analyzed with a two-site monoclonal ELISA.RESULTS: There was a weak but significant correlation between FGF23 and BMD in femoral neck (r = 0.04, p < 0.05), femoral trochanter (r = 0.05, p = 0.004), total hip (r = 0.06, p = 0.0015) and lumbar spine (r = 0.07, p = 0.0004). The correlations remained significant when adjusting for biochemical covariates (Pi, calcium, PTH, 25(OH)D and renal function). However, the association became insignificant in all regions when adjusting for established confounding variables including age, height, weight and smoking. Further analysis confirmed a significant correlation between FGF23 and body weight (r = 0.13, p < 0.0001).CONCLUSIONS: The weak correlation between FGF23 and BMD in elderly male subjects is mainly due to an association between FGF23 and body weight. Therefore, FGF23 may not play a significant role in the hormonal regulation of BMD.
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| 9. |
- Strom, O, et al.
(författare)
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Incorporating adherence into health economic modelling of osteoporosis
- 2009
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Ingår i: Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1433-2965. ; 20:1, s. 23-34
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 10. |
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