| 1. |
- Hobbs, R. W., et al.
(författare)
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Integrated seismic studies of the Baltic shield using data in the Gulf of Bothnia region
- 1993
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Ingår i: Geophysical Journal International. - 0956-540X .- 1365-246X. ; 112:3, s. 305-324
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the autumn of 1989 a co-operative experiment involving 12 research institutions in northwestern Europe collected 2268 km of deep seismic reflection profiles in the Gulf of Bothnia and the Baltic Sea. the 121 litre airgun array used for this profiling was also recorded by 62 muiticomponent land stations to provide coincident refraction surveys, fan-spreads, and 3-D seismic coverage of much of the Gulf of Bothnia. We thus have potentially both high-resolution impedance contrast images as well as more regional 3-D velocity models in both P- and S-waves. In the Bothnian Bay a south-dipping, non-reflective zone coincides with the conductive Archaean-Proterozoic boundary onshore in Finland. Between the Bothnian Bay and Bothnian Sea observed reflectivity geometries and velocity models at Moho depths suggest structures inherited from a 1.9Ga subduction zone; the upper crust here appears to have anomalously low velocity. Within the Bothnian Sea, reflectivity varies considerably beneath the metasedimentary/granitoid rocks of the Central Svecofennian Province (CSP) and the surrounding metavolcanic-arc rocks. Numerous dipping reflectors appear throughout the metavolcanic crust, whereas the CSP has little reflectivity. Wide-angle reflections indicate that the metasedimentary crust of the Bothnian Basin is 10 km thicker than the neighbouring Svecofennian subprovinces. Near the Åland archipelago Rapakivi granite plutons exhibit bright reflections, a contrast to the usual non-reflective plutons elsewhere in western Europe. Additional dipping reflections deep in the crust of this area may support models of rifting and crustal thinning during emplacement of the 1.70-1.54 Ga Rapakivi granites. Coeval gabbroic/anorthositic magmatism may explain the high reflectivity and high velocity of these plutons. the c. 1.25 Ga mafic sills and feeder dykes of the Central Scandinavian Dolerite Group also produce clear reflections on both near- and far-offset seismic sections. Continued modelling will produce better velocity models of the crust and better constrained contour maps of crustal thickness in this part of the Baltic shield.
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| 2. |
- Korja, T, et al.
(författare)
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Structure of the Central Scandinavian Caledonides and the underlying Precambrian basement, new constraints from magnetotellurics
- 2008
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Ingår i: Geophysical Journal International. - 0956-540X .- 1365-246X. ; 175:1, s. 55-69
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigate the structure of the accretionary wedge of the Caledonian orogen, the underlying autochthonous/parautochthonous carbonaceous alum shales and the Precambrian basement. We have conducted 60 broad-band magnetotelluric soundings along a 180 km long profile in JAmtland, Sweden, across the eastern section of the Central Scandinavian Caledonides. Dimensionality analysis and regional strike estimates indicate that the conductivity structure can be approximated by a 2-D model having a N40 degrees E strike direction, consistent with the dominant geological strike. The determinant average of the impedance tensor, together with the tipper transfer function from the best 34 sites, were inverted by the REBOCC 2-D inversion code. An electrically highly conducting layer beneath the Caledonides images alum shales, the autochthonous Cambrian carbon-bearing black shales on top of the Precambrian basement. Based on the comparison of electrical conductivity and seismic reflectivity models, we suggest that the Caledonian accretionary wedge thickens in a step-wise manner from ca. 1 to 5-6 km towards the west. In the east, the wedge is composed of the lower allochthon. In the west, the wedge reaches the thickness of 15 km and is composed of the lower allochthon at the bottom, the middle/upper allochthons at the top and resistive allochthonous basement slices. The upper crust of the autochthonous Precambrian basement is homogeneous and resistive from surface down to 15 km and can be associated with the Revsund and RAtan granites. The border between the eastern Revsund- and western RAtan-type granites coincides in the JAmtland region, with the boundary between the northern Central Svecofennian Province and the southern Svecofennian volcanic belt and is marked by a subvertical conductor associated with a steeply dipping band of reflectors. The lower crust and uppermost mantle in the easternmost part of the profile are very resistive, whereas in west, they are 2-3 orders of magnitude more conductive. The increase of average crustal conductivity is related to the Caledonian processes or later opening of the Atlantic Ocean that have affected also the lower crust.
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| 3. |
- Tontini, F. Caratori, et al.
(författare)
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Interpreting magnetic data by integral moments
- 2008
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Ingår i: Geophysical Journal International. - 0956-540X .- 1365-246X. ; 174:3, s. 815-824
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The use of the integral moments for interpreting magnetic data is based on a very elegant property of potential fields, but in the past it has not been completely exploited due to problems concerning real data. We describe a new 3-D development of previous 2-D results aimed at determining the magnetization direction, extending the calculation to second-order moments to recover the centre of mass of the magnetization distribution. The method is enhanced to reduce the effects of the regional field that often alters the first-order solutions. Moreover, we introduce an iterative correction to properly assess the errors coming from finite-size surveys or interaction with neighbouring anomalies, which are the most important causes of the failing of the method for real data. We test the method on some synthetic examples, and finally, we show the results obtained by analysing the aeromagnetic anomaly of the Monte Vulture volcano in Southern Italy.
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