| 1. |
- Ejermo, Olof, et al.
(författare)
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Swedish business research productivity
- 2011
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Ingår i: Industrial and Corporate Change. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0960-6491 .- 1464-3650. ; 20:4, s. 1081-1118
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sweden experienced an increase in the ratio of granted patents to research and development spending (R&D) between 1989 and 1998, a period when R&D spending grew rapidly. The ratio of patents granted to R&D spending (research productivity) increased by 40% over the period, and the ratio of quality-adjusted patents to R&D exhibited an even more impressive increase of 60%. Sectors with especially high research productivity and quality-adjusted research productivity include low and medium technology manufacturing, chemicals and transportation. However, the growth in quality-adjusted research productivity was primarily generated by the high-tech pharmaceuticals and electronics industries. The service-based sectors experienced a significant increase in R&D spending over the period, but the research productivity decreased.
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| 2. |
- Gifford, Ethan, et al.
(författare)
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Innovating in knowledge-intensive entrepreneurial firms: exploring the effects of a variety of internal and external knowledge sources on goods and service innovations
- 2022
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Ingår i: Industrial and Corporate Change. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0960-6491 .- 1464-3650. ; 31:5, s. 1259-1284
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although knowledge-intensive entrepreneurial firms experiencing high growth and generating innovations are widely acknowledged as important for economic growth, surprisingly little is known about how such firms achieve and maintain a high level of knowledge intensity through which to innovate. Our article further develops the concept of knowledge intensity by proposing that it is augmented by external and internal search activities carried out by the entrepreneurial firm and analyzes how these activities affect innovation performance. We use principal component analysis to derive formal and informal search channels from summated rating scales—measuring reliance on internal and external sources of knowledge—and then use fractional logit regression to explore how these channels relate to a firm’s innovative performance, i.e., the share of innovative goods and services sold. We find that searching via informal channels, and formal channels toward scientific and technological knowledge, improves innovation performance of both goods and services, while searching via formal channels toward market knowledge positively affects only innovative goods. Overall, informal channels matter more than formal channels. Lastly, we find substitution rather than complementarity effects between external and internal search channels in their effect on innovation performance in both goods and services. Thus, we interpret that building up knowledge intensity per se through search matters more for innovation performance than whether search is internally or externally focused. Our work contributes to the growing literature on knowledge-intensive entrepreneurship, to the related literature on new technology-based firms and young innovative firms, and to the general understanding of knowledge intensity at the firm level.
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| 3. |
- Andersson, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Characteristics and performance of new firms and spinoffs in Sweden
- 2013
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Ingår i: Industrial and Corporate Change. - : Oxford Univ Press. - 0960-6491 .- 1464-3650. ; 22:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We analyse the rate of formation, the characteristics, and the performance of different types of new firms in Sweden over a decade. Comparisons with Denmark, Brazil, and the United States suggest that the environment for new firm formation in Sweden is not markedly different than elsewhere. In line with previous studies, spin-offs of incumbents perform better than other types of new firms, particularly if their parent firm continues to operate. A novel finding is that the larger the size of their parent, the greater is the rate of employment growth of spin-offs. This contrasts sharply with findings for firms with a single owner.
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| 4. |
- Fassio, Claudio, et al.
(författare)
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Which governance of university-industry interactions increases the value of industrial inventions?
- 2019
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Ingår i: Industrial and Corporate Change. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0960-6491 .- 1464-3650. ; 28:5, s. 1227-1256
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- While evidence suggests that industry inventors' interactions with universities enhance invention value, the role of interaction governance has so far been overlooked. Relying on an original survey of industry inventors of European patents based in Italy, we show that governance matters. Personal contractual collaborations between firms and individual academics lead to higher-value inventions than collaborations mediated by university institutions. The former enable more effective exploitation of academic knowledge, by facilitating its full transmission and integration into the firm's knowledge base.
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| 5. |
- Ivarsson, Inge, 1954, et al.
(författare)
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Global technology development by colocating R&D and manufacturing: The Case of Swedish manufacturing MNEs
- 2017
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Ingår i: Industrial and Corporate Change. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0960-6491 .- 1464-3650. ; 26:1, s. 149-168
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study we analyze the role of colocation between research and development (R&D) and manufacturing for global technology development by multinational enterprises (MNEs). The extant literature suggests that the main strategic role of colocated R&D units is to locally adapt existing products and processes. However, data from 146 foreign R&D units of Sweden’s 17 largest manufacturing MNEs in 2013 show that they instead mainly develop new technology, not only for the local and regional markets, but to a large extent for the global market. A likely explanation is that colocation positively contributes to joint problem-solving and transfer of tacit knowledge between production and R&D personnel, all of which is necessary in new product development, especially in industries characterized by complex products and systems and rapid technological change. A theoretical implication is that depending on industry characteristics, internal cross-functional linkages between R&D and manufacturing can be more critical than external supply- and demand-side factors when it comes to influence where R&D units are located globally.
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| 6. |
- Xiao, Jing, et al.
(författare)
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Resilience in the European Union : the effect of the 2008 crisis on the ability of regions in Europe to develop new industrial specializations
- 2018
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Ingår i: Industrial and Corporate Change. - : OXFORD UNIV PRESS. - 0960-6491 .- 1464-3650. ; 27:1, s. 15-47
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article adopts an evolutionary framework to the study of industrial resilience. We present a study on European regions and assess the extent to which the capacity of their economies to develop new industrial specializations is affected by the global economic crisis of 2008. We compare levels of industry entry in European regions in the period 2004-2008 and 2008-2012, i.e. before and after a major economic disturbance. Resilient regions are defined as regions that show high entry levels or even increase their entry levels after the shock. Related and unrelated variety exhibit a positive effect on regional resilience, especially on the entry of knowledge-intensive industries after the shock.
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| 7. |
- Zhang, Lihua, et al.
(författare)
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The emergence and organizational persistence of business groups in China, Japan, and Sweden
- 2016
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Ingår i: Industrial and Corporate Change. - : OXFORD UNIV PRESS. - 0960-6491 .- 1464-3650. ; 25:6, s. 885-902
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The existence of business groups has to be discussed in a systematic and comparative way. This article analyzes business groups in three countries, China, Japan, and Sweden, by providing a view as to why and how business groups solve economic problems, and how the specific national context of the group affects its substance and performance. Our first observation is that the business groups studied emerged at times of institutional instability and persisted, thanks to cooperative capitalism and an export-oriented economy. Second, our business groups have used a diversification strategy at the group level in order to share risks and reduce costs at the firm level. Third, business groups seemed to reduce problems associated with high management costs and risk when many industries were held together in a single, large enterprise. With regard to internal markets, there seemed to be national differences in intra-firm behavior and the ways in which national governments mobilized business groups to reach certain economic and social goals. The emergence and persistence of successful business groups indicate that the Anglo-Saxon model of the firm is neither the only one, nor superior.
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| 8. |
- Bergek, Anna, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Is one path enough? Multiple paths and path interaction as an extension of path dependency theory
- 2014
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Ingår i: Industrial and Corporate Change. - : Oxford University Press. - 0960-6491 .- 1464-3650. ; 23:5, s. 1261-1297
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To explain the development of multi-technology companies and industries where several alternative technologies co-exist and interact over long periods, this article suggests an extension of path dependency theory by providing a conceptualization of the path notion that incorporates the theoretical possibility of multiple paths and path interaction. The conceptualization is applied to a patent study of three leading companies in the lighting industry: General Electric, Osram/Siemens, and Philips. The study shows technology development patterns that are characterized by strong persistence, both within each path and across the whole technology field. These results demonstrate that multiple technological paths can co-exist in companies and industries, characterized by simultaneous long-term presence of several technologies. In such cases, path interaction takes place both between co-existing paths and when new, radically different paths are created. Although further studies are needed to identify the underlying self-reinforcing mechanisms, there is a clear indication that technological path dependency is not restricted to unitary progression patterns, as implied by previous conceptualizations.
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| 9. |
- Braunerhjelm, Pontus, et al.
(författare)
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Entrepreneurship, institutions, and economic dynamism : lessons from a comparison of the United States and Sweden
- 2013
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Ingår i: Industrial and Corporate Change. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0960-6491 .- 1464-3650. ; 22:1, s. 107-130
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of the research endeavor published in this Special Section is to further our understanding of the extent, character, and orientation of entrepreneurial activity in today's wealthy countries. This is done by means of several detailed studies of institutions of particular importance for entrepreneurship and innovation-based firm growth, and its impact on the economy. All coauthors are renowned specialists in the area with deep knowledge of the pertinent institutions in Sweden and the United States, the two countries compared.
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| 10. |
- Colombo, Massimo, et al.
(författare)
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Open Business Model and Venture Capital Finance
- 2016
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Ingår i: Industrial and Corporate Change. - : Oxford University Press. - 0960-6491 .- 1464-3650. ; 25:2, s. 353-370
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigate the differences in venture capital (VC) governance of investee firms with Open Business Models, specifically Open Source Software (OSS), versus closed business models. Due to OSS's pronounced complexity and uncertainty, we conjecture that VC-backed OSS firms are more frequently staged and syndicated. We present robust empirical evidence from the United States that OSS ventures have more financing rounds and are more likely to be syndicated, and mixed evidence that OSS ventures have a larger number of syndicated investors.
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