| 1. |
- Bengtsson, Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Foolishness without consequence? : From physical to virtual modeling in the history of military aircraft development at Saab
- 2020
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Ingår i: Industrial and Corporate Change. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0960-6491 .- 1464-3650. ; 29:1, s. 163-181
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- From Jim March we learned that organizational intelligence demands adaptation to the needs of a distant future as well as the efficient use of resources in the present. Commitment to new ideas that deviate from norm is necessary for long-term adaptation, but comes with great uncertainty as to if when or how success will come. This article uses a historical study of military aircraft manufacturer Saab to explore the transition from experimenting with physical models and dangerous test flights in the development of rather simple aircraft systems, to the development of complex integrated aircraft systems using virtual models that can be tested in a simulated world, thereby postponing choice and the need for commitment of resources in the physical world. We show how modeling techniques and tools were developed over five generations of aircraft to help developers represent and evaluate alternative ideas, in an increasingly realistic virtual reality, thereby reducing material and fatal consequences in aircraft development. We distinguish hybrid forms of evaluation and a transition that seems to be moving in the direction of “virtual online evaluation,” where empirically informed simulation models, based on real flight data reduces the fidelity gap between reality and representation. Drawing upon a selection of Jim March’s writings, we speculate what this transition implies for learning from experience and the possibility of foolishness without consequence.
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| 2. |
- Bergek, Anna, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Is one path enough? Multiple paths and path interaction as an extension of path dependency theory
- 2014
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Ingår i: Industrial and Corporate Change. - : Oxford University Press. - 0960-6491 .- 1464-3650. ; 23:5, s. 1261-1297
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To explain the development of multi-technology companies and industries where several alternative technologies co-exist and interact over long periods, this article suggests an extension of path dependency theory by providing a conceptualization of the path notion that incorporates the theoretical possibility of multiple paths and path interaction. The conceptualization is applied to a patent study of three leading companies in the lighting industry: General Electric, Osram/Siemens, and Philips. The study shows technology development patterns that are characterized by strong persistence, both within each path and across the whole technology field. These results demonstrate that multiple technological paths can co-exist in companies and industries, characterized by simultaneous long-term presence of several technologies. In such cases, path interaction takes place both between co-existing paths and when new, radically different paths are created. Although further studies are needed to identify the underlying self-reinforcing mechanisms, there is a clear indication that technological path dependency is not restricted to unitary progression patterns, as implied by previous conceptualizations.
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| 3. |
- Bergek, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Technological capabilities and late shakeouts : Industrial dynamics in the advanced gas turbine industry, 1987-2002
- 2008
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Ingår i: Industrial and Corporate Change. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0960-6491 .- 1464-3650. ; 17:2, s. 335-392
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article focuses on technological discontinuities and late shakeouts in mature industries. The empirical case is combined cycle gas turbine technology in the power generation industry, where two of four main incumbents (GE, ABB, Siemens, and Westinghouse) exited the industry after several years of competition. We show that the vast differences in firm performance are strongly related to variation in technological capabilities, such as sourcing and integration of knowledge from related industries and after-launch problem solving. The findings from this case may also be of general interest for studies of dynamics in other mature, complex industries.
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| 4. |
- Berggren, Christian, 1950-, et al.
(författare)
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Co-development and composite clusters-the secular strength of Nordic telecommunications
- 2003
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Ingår i: Industrial and Corporate Change. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0960-6491 .- 1464-3650. ; 12:1, s. 91-114
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- During the 1980s and 1990s Finland and Sweden were on the international frontier in telecommunications, pioneering the first-generation cellular system and leading in the development of the second generation. This strength in telecommunications has developed under various regulatory regimes in a complex industrial history, going back to the nineteenth century. To account for this Fenno-Swedish telecom trajectory, the article starts out with Porter's model of industrial competitiveness and theories of public procurement, and then focus the attention and analysis in two directions: (i) the historical role of advanced, research-intensive users and competitive public-private development pairs, and (ii) the emergence and significance of a composite binational clusters and their local agglomerations in the accelerated industry growth in the 1990s.
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| 5. |
- Jacobsson, Staffan, et al.
(författare)
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Transforming the Energy Sector : The evolution of technological systems in renewable energy technology
- 2004
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Ingår i: Industrial and Corporate Change. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0960-6491 .- 1464-3650. ; 13:5, s. 815-849
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper analyses the development and diffusion of technologies that utilize renewable energy sources in Germany, Sweden and the Netherlands.The analysis enlarges the life cycle model of industry evolution to one where the focus is on the formation and evolution of new technological systems. Particular focus is on explaining success and failures in shifting from a formative phase into one characterized by positive feedbacks. A set of challenges is identified for policy makers attempting to influence the process of transforming the energy sector.
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| 6. |
- Lakemond, Nicolette, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Match & Manage : The use of knowledge matching and project management to integrate knowledge in collaborative inbound open innovation
- 2016
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Ingår i: Industrial and Corporate Change. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0960-6491 .- 1464-3650. ; 25:2, s. 333-352
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite mounting evidence on the potential benefits of inbound open innovation, little is known about how firms purposefully manage inflows of knowledge. We investigate the use of two knowledge governance procedures—project management and knowledge matching—in collaborative inbound open innovation. Our findings suggest that, in addition to “knowledge-precursors,” which the literature on open innovation and absorptive capacity has shown to be important for the integration of external knowledge, the firm’s choice of knowledge governance matters for innovation performance.
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| 7. |
- Lindkvist, Lars, 1945-, et al.
(författare)
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Replacing old routines : how Ericsson software developers and managers learned to become agile
- 2017
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Ingår i: Industrial and Corporate Change. - : Oxford University Press. - 0960-6491 .- 1464-3650. ; 26:4, s. 571-591
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In our account of the successful transformation of a software development unit at Ericsson, we show how a combination of trial-and-error learning processes, operating at the management and employee levels, can bring about routine change. In developing this explanation, we refer to the off-line/online search dichotomy as a basic way of distinguishing between how routines are tried out at management and employee levels. Furthermore, we suggest a way in which the performative view of routines can be linked to the teleological and life cycle modes of change at the level of management and employees, respectively. As a result, we arrive at a view of routines as both “inherently changeable” and directional and suggest how the combined use of managerial- and employee-level processes makes it possible to gain the benefits associated with each of them, while at the same time mitigating the effects of their shortcomings.
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| 8. |
- Magnusson, Thomas, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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From CoPS to mass production? Capabilities and innovation in power generation equipment manufacturing
- 2005
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Ingår i: Industrial and Corporate Change. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0960-6491 .- 1464-3650. ; 14:1, s. 1-26
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article presents a case study of small, distributed electrical power generators, representing a potential substitute for large power plants, and raises questions regarding the ability of established manufacturers to manage this kind of technological transition. The analysis demonstrates that the step from experimental R&D to commercial production is particularly difficult for the incumbents. This observation is explained by showing that whereas manufacturing of large power plants rests upon extensive systems integration capabilities, distributed generators are based on a 'plug-and-play' logic. © ICC Association 2005, all rights reserved.
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| 9. |
- Zhang, Lihua, et al.
(författare)
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The emergence and organizational persistence of business groups in China, Japan, and Sweden
- 2016
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Ingår i: Industrial and Corporate Change. - : OXFORD UNIV PRESS. - 0960-6491 .- 1464-3650. ; 25:6, s. 885-902
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The existence of business groups has to be discussed in a systematic and comparative way. This article analyzes business groups in three countries, China, Japan, and Sweden, by providing a view as to why and how business groups solve economic problems, and how the specific national context of the group affects its substance and performance. Our first observation is that the business groups studied emerged at times of institutional instability and persisted, thanks to cooperative capitalism and an export-oriented economy. Second, our business groups have used a diversification strategy at the group level in order to share risks and reduce costs at the firm level. Third, business groups seemed to reduce problems associated with high management costs and risk when many industries were held together in a single, large enterprise. With regard to internal markets, there seemed to be national differences in intra-firm behavior and the ways in which national governments mobilized business groups to reach certain economic and social goals. The emergence and persistence of successful business groups indicate that the Anglo-Saxon model of the firm is neither the only one, nor superior.
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