| 1. |
- Cameron, Alyse F. M., et al.
(författare)
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Professional Athletes Have Poorer Sleep Quality and Sleep Hygiene Compared With an Age-Matched Cohort
- 2021
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Ingår i: Clinical Journal of Sports Medicine. - : LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS. - 1050-642X .- 1536-3724. ; 31:6, s. 488-493
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To study sleep quality and sleep hygiene in professional athletes and an age-matched cohort. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Professional athletes and a sport medicine center. Participants: Professional rugby, netball and football athletes (n = 184) and attendees to a sport medicine center (n = 101). Interventions: Participants completed an online survey. Main Outcome Measures: Sleep Hygiene Index (SHI) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Results: Forty-five percent (n = 128) of respondents were aged between 18 and 24 years, 54% (n = 154) were men and 65% (n = 184) were professional athletes. The sleep duration of the professional athletes (mean rank 134.3, n = 181) was greater than the age-matched cohort (mean rank = 154.4, n = 101), U = 7835.0, z = -2.3, P = 0.02; however, they reported more sleep disturbance (mean ranking = 148.0, n = 181) than the age-matched cohort (mean rank = 129.8, n = 101), U = 7960.5 z = -2.5, P = 0.01, 2-tailed. Professional athletes had worse sleep regularity (mean rank = 152.3, n = 183) compared with the age-matched cohort (mean rank = 124.6, n = 101), U = 7448.5, z = -2.7, P = 0.006, 2-tailed, had an inferior sleep environment (mean rank = 149.5, n = 183) compared with the age-matched cohort (mean rank = 129.8, n = 101), U = 7959.5, z = -2.0, P = 0.047, and had more naps (mean rank = 156.2, n = 183) compared with the age-matched cohort (mean rank = 117.6, n = 101), U = 6729.0, z = -4.2, P = 0.00 0, 2-tailed. Conclusions: Professional athletes reported poorer sleep quality and sleep hygiene compared with an age-matched cohort, and difficulty falling asleep following competition. It is likely this is due to the stress of competition, training, and traveling. Because sleep plays an important role in postexercise recovery and has an impact on injury and athletic performance, it is important to have strategies to support better sleep quality and sleep hygiene in athletes.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Fuller, C.W., et al.
(författare)
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Consensus statement on injury definitions and data collection procedures in studies of football (soccer) injuries
- 2006
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. - : Wiley. - 0905-7188 .- 1600-0838. ; 16:2, s. 97-106
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Variations in definitions and methodologies have created differences in the results and conclusions obtained from studies of football injuries, this has made inter-study comparisons difficult. An Injury Consensus Group was established under the auspices of FIFA Medical Assessment and Research Centre. Using a nominal group consensus model approach, a working document that identified the key issues related to definitions, methodology and implementation was discussed by members of the group during a 2-day meeting. Following this meeting, iterative draft statements were prepared and circulated to members of the group for comment before the final consensus statement was produced. Definitions of injury, recurrent injury, severity and training and match exposures in football together with criteria for classifying injuries in terms of location, type, diagnosis and causation are proposed. Proforma for recording players' baseline information, injuries and training and match exposures are presented. Recommendations are made on how the incidence of match and training injuries should be reported and a checklist of issues and information that should be included in published reports of studies of football injuries is presented. The definitions and methodology proposed in the consensus statement will ensure that consistent and comparable results will be obtained from studies of football injuries. Copyright © Blackwell Munksgaard 2006.
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| 4. |
- Gijon-Nogueron, Gabriel, et al.
(författare)
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Data Collection Procedures and Injury Definitions in Badminton : A Consensus Statement According to the Delphi Approach
- 2022
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Ingår i: Clinical Journal of Sports Medicine. - : Wolters Kluwer. - 1050-642X .- 1536-3724. ; 32:5, s. e444-e450
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous studies involving injury surveillance in badminton players have used nonstandardized injury definitions and data collection methodologies. The purpose of this study was to apply a Delphi method to (1) reach a consensus on an injury definition in badminton and (2) develop a standardized badminton injury report form. An Injury Consensus Group was established under the auspices of the Badminton World Federation, and initial injury definitions and injury report form were developed. An internal panel was formed from the Injury Consensus Group, and an external panel was selected based on a combination of profession, experience in the field, sport-specific knowledge/expertise, and geographical location to obtain a widely representative sample. Through 2 rounds of voting by the external panel, consensus was reached on both the definition of an injury in badminton and a standardized injury report form. The agreed injury definition was “Any physical injury sustained by a player during a match or training regardless if further diagnostic tests were done or if playing time was lost” and the injury report form contained the following 7 sections: Injury record, Diagnosis, Injury mechanism, Regarding pain, Pain and return to play/training after injury, Grade of severity, and Recurrence. We recommend the use of the definitions and methods presented in this consensus statement for the reporting of injury in all international and domestic badminton players. This should make future injury surveillance reports directly comparable and hence more informative in recognizing trends over time and differences between countries.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Nilsson, Michael, et al.
(författare)
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Head and Neck Injuries in Professional Soccer
- 2013
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Ingår i: Clinical Journal of Sports Medicine. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1050-642X .- 1536-3724. ; 23:4, s. 255-260
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To investigate the rate of and risk factors for head and neck injury in male soccer.Design: Prospective cohort study.Setting: Professional soccer.Participants: Twenty-six European teams between 2001/2002 and 2009/2010.Assessment of Risk Factors: Simple and multiple risk factor analyses were evaluated using Cox regression for player-related variables and logistic regression for match-related variables.Main Outcome Measures: Injury rate (number of time loss injuries per 1000 hours).Results: A total of 136 head and neck injuries were recorded (2.2% of all injuries). The head and neck injury rate was 0.17 (0.06 concussions) per 1000 hours. There was a 20-fold higher rate of head and neck injury during match play compared with training (rate ratio [RR], 20.2; 95% confidence interval [CI], 13.3-30.6) and a 78-fold higher rate of concussions (RR, 78.5; 95% CI, 24.4-252.5). Mean layoff for concussion was 10.5 days, but 27% of the concussed players returned to play within 5 days. Defender was the only significant player-related risk factor for head and neck injuries in the multiple analysis (RR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.0-3.1), whereas no significant variables were identified for concussions.Conclusions: Head and neck injuries were relatively uncommon in professional soccer. Defender was the playing position most at risk. More than one-quarter of the concussed players returned to play before what is recommended in the consensus statements by the major sports governing bodies.
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| 7. |
- OʼConnell, Brendan, et al.
(författare)
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Use of Blood Biomarkers in the Assessment of Sports-Related Concussion-A Systematic Review in the Context of Their Biological Significance
- 2018
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Ingår i: Clinical Journal of Sports Medicine. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1050-642X .- 1536-3724. ; 28:6, s. 561-571
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To critically review current knowledge on the positive and negative predictive value of blood biomarkers for concussion; to illustrate the clinical and biological contexts that help evaluate the use of these markers in sport-related traumatic brain injuries (TBIs).METHODS: This systematic review was performed in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. We reviewed the measurement, clinical utility, endpoint, and biological significance of blood biomarkers in concussion.RESULTS: A total of 4352 publications were identified. Twenty-six articles relating to blood biomarkers were included in the review. Four common blood biomarkers, namely S100B, tau, neuron-specific enolase (NSE), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), were examined. Overall, the studies showed S100B measurement and use, either acutely or at several time points, can distinguish injured from noninjured patients with an uncertain degree of utility in predicting mortality. At present, S100B has largely become an acceptable biomarker of TBI; however, studies have begun to highlight the need to incorporate clinical symptoms instead of S100B concentration in isolation on the basis of inconsistent results and lack of specificity across published studies. Further research is needed to evaluate and validate the use of tau, NSE, and GFAP as a diagnostic aid in the management of concussion and TBI.CONCLUSIONS: At present, blood biomarkers have only a limited role in the evaluation and management of concussion. Although several biomarkers of brain injury have been identified, continued research is required. S100B holds promise as the most clinically useful diagnostic biomarker. Blood biomarkers, in combination with other clinical data, such as head computed tomography, would maximize the diagnostic accuracy. The methodological limitations evident in blood biomarker research results in the need for the clinical utility of blood biomarker use in concussion to be further explored.
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| 8. |
- Pauelsen, Mascha, et al.
(författare)
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Concussion in ice hockey : A Cohort Study Across 29 Seasons
- 2017
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Ingår i: Clinical Journal of Sports Medicine. - : Wolters Kluwer. - 1050-642X .- 1536-3724. ; 27:3, s. 283-287
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The aim of this study was to analyse the concussion incidence rate ratios (IRR) across 29 seasons in a Swedish Hockey League team.Design: Cohort study over 29 seasons within one Swedish elite series ice hockey team. Participants: All players who were part of one Swedish elite ice hockey team during the research period gave consent for participation in the study.Independent Variables: Exposure to top level Swedish ice hockey. Main Outcome Measures: Incidence rate ratio for concussion as well as rehabilitation periods due to concussion were calculated and analysed.Results: During the research period, 267 players in total were part of the team. A total of 1638 traumatic injuries were registered of which 162 were concussions. Incidence rates ranged from 0/1,000 games during the first season to 118/1,000 games for the final recorded season. The incidence rate ratio was 1.06 (CI = 1.03-1.10) for the entire research period. A shift towards longer rehabilitation periods was discovered.Conclusions: This study showed a significant increase of concussion incidence rate and a trend towards longer rehabilitation periods due to concussion. Possible risk factors were discussed. Risk behaviour and rehabilitation protocols should be prioritized areas in the research of concussion in ice hockey.
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| 9. |
- Sandström, Göran, et al.
(författare)
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Iron deficiency in adolescent female athletes - is iron status affected by regular sporting activity?
- 2012
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Ingår i: Clinical Journal of Sports Medicine. - 1050-642X .- 1536-3724. ; 22:6, s. 495-500
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: : To determine the prevalence of iron deficiency (ID) and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) among a group of female athletes and compare with an age-matched group of female nonathletes. To study lifestyle factors that could play a role in the development of ID and IDA and compare these factors between the groups.DESIGN: : A controlled clinical trial.SETTING: : A senior high school for athletes in Gothenburg, Sweden.PARTICIPANTS: : All female athletes at a senior high school for top-level athletes were offered to take part. Fifty-seven female athletes accepted to participate in the study. The control group consisted of a random sample of 130 age-matched nonathlete students; 92 accepted to participate in the study.INTERVENTION: : Intervention was not an actual part of this study but those with ID and IDA were treated with iron by the regular school doctor.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: : Iron deficiency anemia and ID were determined by levels of hemoglobin, serum iron, total iron-binding capacity, transferrin saturation, and serum ferritin.RESULTS: : The main result of the study is the finding that ID and IDA are common among young adolescent female athletes and that there was no difference between female athletes and nonathletes. In the athlete group, 30 of 57 individuals (52%) had ID compared with 43 of 92 individuals (48%) in the nonathlete group (P > 0.3). Comparisons of the 2 groups showed no significant difference in hemoglobin (P > 0.30). In total, we found that 5 of 57 athletes (8.6%) had IDA compared with 3 of 92 nonathletes (3.3%), the difference being not statistically significant (P = 0.24).CONCLUSIONS: : The main finding of this study is that ID and IDA are common among female adolescents but not more common among athletes than nonathletes. The results are despite factors that should favor a better iron status in the athlete group, such as better iron intake and less menstrual bleeding. Other factors that might have an impact on iron balance, must therefore be considered.
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| 10. |
- Stålnacke, Britt-Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Playing ice hockey and basketball increases serum levels of S-100B in elite players : a pilot study
- 2003
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Ingår i: Clinical Journal of Sports Medicine. - 1050-642X .- 1536-3724. ; 13:5, s. 292-302
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To investigate changes in serum concentrations of the biochemical markers of brain damage S-100B and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) in ice hockey and basketball players during games. DESIGN: Descriptive clinical research. SETTING: Competitive games of the Swedish Elite Ice Hockey League and the Swedish Elite Basketball League. PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-six male ice hockey players (from two teams) and 18 basketball players (from two teams). INTERVENTIONS: None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: S-100B and NSE were analyzed using two-site immunoluminometric assays. The numbers of acceleration/deceleration events were assessed from videotape recordings of the games. Head trauma-related symptoms were monitored 24 hours after the game using the Rivermead Post Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire. RESULTS: Changes in serum concentrations of S-100B (postgame - pregame values) were statistically significant after both games (ice hockey, 0.072 +/- 0.108 microg/L, P = 0.00004; basketball, 0.076 +/- 0.091 microg/L, P = 0.001). In basketball, there was a significant correlation between the change in S-100B (postgame-pregame values) and jumps, which were the most frequent acceleration/deceleration (r = 0.706, P = 0.002). For NSE, no statistically significant change in serum concentration was found in either game. For one ice hockey player who experienced concussion during play, S-100B was increased more than for the other players. CONCLUSIONS: S-100B was released into the blood of the players as a consequence of game-related activities and events. Analysis of the biochemical brain damage markers (in particular S-100B) seems to have the potential to become a valuable additional tool for assessment of the degree of brain tissue damage in sport-related head trauma and probably for decision making about returning to play.
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