| 1. |
- Anticona, Cynthia, et al.
(författare)
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Sources and risk factors for lead exposure in indigenous children of the Peruvian Amazon, disentangling connections with oil activity
- 2012
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Ingår i: International journal of occupational and environmental health. - : Maney Publishing. - 1077-3525 .- 2049-3967. ; 18:4, s. 268-277
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: In the Corrientes river basin, Peruvian Amazon, lead exposure among indigenous communities was first reported in 2006. To address controversy regarding the main source of exposure, this study aimed to identify the sources and risk factors for lead exposure among children from the communities in question, and to clarify the potential relationship with oil activity.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in six communities. Participants were children aged 0–17 years and their mothers. Data collection included blood lead levels (BLLs) and hemoglobin determination, a questionnaire on risk factors and environmental sampling. We used age-stratified multivariate regression models, with generalized estimating equation to account for correlation within households.Results: Twenty-seven percent of the children had BLLs ≧10 μg/dl. Mother's BLLs ≧10 μg/dl, playing and chewing lead scraps, fishing ≧three times/week, and living in highly oil-exposed communities increased the risk of having BLLs ≧10 μg/dl. Lead concentrations in sediment, soil, dust, and fish samples were below reference values.Conclusions: Mother's BLLs ≧10 μg/dl, playing and chewing lead scraps to manufacture fishing sinkers were the most important risk factors for children’s BLLs ≧10 μg/dl. The connection with oil activity appears to be through access to metal lead from the industry's wastes.
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| 2. |
- Arnetz, Judith E., et al.
(författare)
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Worker-on-worker Violence among Hospital Employees
- 2011
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Ingår i: International journal of occupational and environmental health. - 1077-3525 .- 2049-3967. ; 17:4, s. 328-335
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Violence toward hospital workers is an internationally recognized occupational hazard. While patients are frequently perpetrators of physical violence, other employees are often responsible for acts of nonphysical violence. However, few hospitals have systems for documenting and monitoring worker-on-worker violence. This study encompassed all incidents of worker-on-worker violence recorded by employees in a hospital system database over a six-year period. Incidence rates per 100 full-time equivalents (FTEs) and rate ratios (RR) were calculated by year, hospital, and job category. The majority (87%) of worker-on-worker incidents involved nonphysical conflict. The overall incidence rate was 1.65/100 FTEs, ranging among the six hospitals from 0.54 to 3.42/100 FTEs. Based on multivariate analysis, no single professional group was at increased risk for worker-on-worker violence. Co-worker violence threatens the well-being of hospital employees and should be regularly tracked with other forms of work-place violence so that suitable intervention programs can be implemented and assessed.
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| 5. |
- Axelson, Olav, 1937-, et al.
(författare)
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Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology.
- 2003
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Ingår i: International journal of occupational and environmental health. - 1077-3525 .- 2049-3967. ; 9, s. 386-389
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 6. |
- Boman, A, et al.
(författare)
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Percutaneous absorption of organic solvents
- 2000
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Ingår i: International journal of occupational and environmental health. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1077-3525 .- 2049-3967. ; 6:2, s. 93-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 7. |
- Brena, Beatriz M., et al.
(författare)
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ITREOH building of regional capacity to monitor recreational water : development of a non-commercial microcystin ELISA and its impact on public health policy
- 2006
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Ingår i: International journal of occupational and environmental health. - 1077-3525 .- 2049-3967. ; 12:4, s. 377-385
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 2001, a University of California, Davis-University of the Republic, Montevideo, partnership created a Fogarty ITREOH program to exploit the potential of ELISA to provide a low-cost environmental analysis attractive to economically distressed countries of temperate South America. This paper describes the development and validation of an ELISA method for the determination of Cyanobacteria microcystin toxins in algal blooms, which release hepatotoxic metabolites that can reach toxic levels in rivers, lakes, or coastal estuaries used for recreation or water supplies. The assay made possible the first systematic monitoring of water from the Rio de la Plata at Montevideo over two summers. The project has been integrated into a bi-national effort to monitor the Rio de la Plata.
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| 10. |
- Fjellman-Wiklund, Anncristine, 1955-, et al.
(författare)
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Musculoskeletal discomfort of music teachers : an eight-year perspective and psychosocial work factors
- 1998
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Ingår i: International journal of occupational and environmental health. - : Forlaget Thomson. - 1077-3525 .- 2049-3967. ; 4:2, s. 89-98
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Musicians at all levels of performance, especially string players, are known to have a high prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders. The disorders seem to be most common in the neck, shoulders and low back. In 1988, a survey of the work-related musculoskeletal disorders of 36 music teachers was carried out at a music school in northern Sweden. In 1996, the teachers were reinvestigated. The study also included an investigation of the psychosocial work environment according to the Karasek demand-control theory, as well as measurements of upper-arm elevation during a working day in five violin teachers. The results showed that music teachers, like other professional musicians, often experience discomfort in the neck, shoulders, and low back. The discomfort tended to be of long duration, increasing over the years. The psychosocial work environment was characterized by high psychological demands and low authority over decisions. This was compensated for through good social support. The work required skill and creativity but was monotonous. The measurements of upper-arm elevation indicated considerable variations in shoulder positions between teachers. There were also differences in the work done with the right and left arms, with repetitive motions more commonly involving the right arm. Approximately a fourth of the working day was spent with the arm elevated 30-90 degrees. The relationships between upper-arm movements and ratings of discomfort were moderate.
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