| 1. |
- Wiklund, Camilla, et al.
(author)
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Childhood body mass index and development of eating disorder traits across adolescence
- 2018
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In: European eating disorders review. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1072-4133 .- 1099-0968. ; 26:5, s. 462-471
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- ObjectiveUnderstanding the role of premorbid body mass index (BMI) in the emergence of eating disorders may be key to identifying effective prevention strategies. We explore relations between BMI and eating disorders traits in young twins. MethodThe effect of BMI at age 9/12 and 15 on eating disorder traits measured using the Eating Disorders Inventory-2 (EDI) at ages 15 and 18 was examined using bivariate modelling in a longitudinal population sample of Swedish twins. ResultsThe correlation between BMI and EDI within individuals was stable across all ages and remained significant after adjusting for later BMI. Bivariate analysis indicated significant positive genetic correlations between BMI ages 9/12 and 15 and subsequent EDI scores. The relationship remained significant for BMI age 9/12 and EDI age 15 in the adjusted model, indicating a longitudinal association. ConclusionOur results have implications for conceptualizing the interrelation of BMI and eating disorders across childhood and adolescence.
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| 2. |
- Gustafsson, Sanna Aila, et al.
(author)
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Personal standards, self-evaluation and perceived benefits of thinness in girls and young women with disturbed eating
- 2008
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In: European eating disorders review. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1072-4133 .- 1099-0968. ; 16:6, s. 463-471
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The aim of this study was to examine personal standards, self-evaluation and perceived benefits of thinness in Swedish females 14-21 years with disturbed eating (DE) and to compare these to a group with other psychosocial problems and to a symptom free group. Seventy subjects with DE-group, 65 subjects with psychosocial problems and 70 symptom free subjects were compared regarding items selected from four questionnaires. High personal standards expressed in a competitive way were specific for the DE-group. In comparison with the other groups the DE-group also reported significantly more perceived benefits of thinness and they more frequently believed that thinness would make them more popular. The DE-group also reported a more negative self-evaluation, although this was a trait shared with the subjects with other psychosocial problems and consequently not specific for the DE-group. Identifying specific factors that perpetuate DE habits is important in order to improve our understanding and enhance the treatment of eating disorders.
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| 3. |
- Gustafsson, Sanna Aila, 1972-, et al.
(author)
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Risk and protective factors for disturbed eating in adolescent girls : aspects of perfectionism and attitudes to eating and weight
- 2009
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In: European eating disorders review. - Chichester : Wiley. - 1072-4133 .- 1099-0968. ; 17:5, s. 380-389
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study was to longitudinally examine the role of personal standards, self-evaluation, perceived benefits of thinness and attitudes to eating and weight in the development of healthy versus disturbed eating in adolescent girls. In a longitudinal study, girls who participated in two assessments, four to five years apart, were divided into three groups according to the attitudes to eating that they manifested at the second evaluation: those with disturbed eating patterns (DE-group, n = 49), those with intermediate concerns about eating (IE-group, n = 260) and those with healthy eating attitudes (HE-group, n = 120). Variables concerning attitudes to eating and weight and physical self-evaluation emerged as risk factors, whereas personal standards or self-evaluation in general did not. Protective factors were a low BMI, healthy eating attitudes, an accepting attitude towards body size and a positive self-evaluation, particularly with regard to physical and psychological characteristics. The results of this study contribute to the understanding of early risk and protective factors for eating disturbances in girls.
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| 4. |
- Swenne, Ingemar
(author)
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Evaluation of the Compulsive Exercise Test (CET) in Adolescents with Eating Disorders : Factor Structure and Relation to Eating Disordered Psychopathology
- 2016
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In: European eating disorders review. - : Wiley. - 1072-4133 .- 1099-0968. ; 24:4, s. 334-340
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: The aims of this study were to explore the factor structure of the Compulsive Exercise Test (CET) in a clinical sample of Swedish adolescents with eating disorders (ED) and to study the relationship of CET with ED cognitions, body weight and exercise frequency. Methods: The compulsive Exercise Test, the Eating Disorders Examination-Questionnaire, body mass index (BMI) and exercise frequency were available at assessment of 210 adolescents (age 14.4 +/- 1.6 years) with ED. Results: Factor analysis generated four factors with close similarity to factors previously obtained in a community sample of adolescents samples and supported the use of the original version of CET. Exercise for weight control was strongly related to ED cognitions but less to exercise frequency and BMI. Exercise for regulation of mood was related to ED cognitions and exercise frequency but not to BMI. Discussion: In adolescents with ED, different aspects of exercise are related to ED cognitions. This needs addressing in the treatment of adolescents with ED.
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| 5. |
- Birgegård, Andreas, et al.
(author)
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Quality assurance of specialised treatment of eating disorders using large-scale Internet-based collection systems : methods, results and lessons learned from designing the Stepwise database.
- 2010
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In: European eating disorders review. - : Wiley. - 1072-4133 .- 1099-0968. ; 18:4, s. 251-9
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Computer-based quality assurance of specialist eating disorder (ED) care is a possible way of meeting demands for evaluating the real-life effectiveness of treatment, in a large-scale, cost-effective and highly structured way. The Internet-based Stepwise system combines clinical utility for patients and practitioners, and provides research-quality naturalistic data. Stepwise was designed to capture relevant variables concerning EDs and general psychiatric status, and the database can be used for both clinical and research purposes. The system comprises semi-structured diagnostic interviews, clinical ratings and self-ratings, automated follow-up schedules, as well as administrative functions to facilitate registration compliance. As of June 2009, the system is in use at 20 treatment units and comprises 2776 patients. Diagnostic distribution (including subcategories of eating disorder not otherwise specified) and clinical characteristics are presented, as well as data on registration compliance. Obstacles and keys to successful implementation of the Stepwise system are discussed, including possible gains and on-going challenges inherent in large-scale, Internet-based quality assurance.
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| 6. |
- Björk, Tabita, et al.
(author)
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What happened to the ones who dropped out? Outcome in eating disorder patients who complete or prematurely terminate treatment
- 2009
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In: European eating disorders review. - New York : Wiley. - 1072-4133 .- 1099-0968. ; 17:2, s. 109-119
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: There is a lack of knowledge about the outcome of eating disorder patients who terminate treatment prematurely. The present study followed-up eating disorder patients who had previously dropped out of treatment and examined clinical status 36 months after intake. METHOD: Dropouts (n = 30) were compared with treatment completers (n = 52) on diagnostic status, clinical symptoms, psychosocial adjustment and treatment satisfaction at follow-up. Patterns of change from intake to follow-up within groups, as well as between groups, were explored. RESULTS: No significant differences were found between groups at follow-up, except for more treatment dissatisfaction reported among dropouts. When patterns of change were examined between groups, patients who completed treatment were found to have made significantly greater changes (less eating disorder symptoms, less psychological problems and more positive self-image) compared to dropouts. DISCUSSION: Although no significant differences in outcome were found between dropouts and completers, greater clinical improvement was found among those who completed treatment. The dropouts examined in this study did well despite premature termination of treatment. Clinical and research implications are discussed.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Götmark, Frank, 1955, et al.
(author)
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Achieving sustainable population: Fertility decline in many developing countries follows modern contraception, not economic growth
- 2022
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In: Sustainable Development. - : Wiley. - 0968-0802 .- 1099-1719. ; 31:3, s. 1606-1617
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The human population is projected to increase by 2.4 billion to 2100, endangering, for example, food security and biodiversity. Population growth depends strongly on fertility level, lowering of which is often assumed to depend on economic growth. Here we test this hypothesis using data from 136 developing countries, 1970–2014. We formed four country groups at different initial economy, and used graphical analyses, with estimates of variation. Falling fertility rates 1970–2000 showed little or no association with economy (GDP or household consumption). Fertility decreased regardless of whether the economy grew, was stagnant, or declined. But falling fertility was closely associated with increasing use of modern contraception, which was largely independent of changes in economy. Fertility decline hence was not caused by economic development, but followed contraceptive use. Family planning programs, with advice on family size and modern contraception, offer promising routes to sustainably low fertility where it has not yet been achieved.
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| 9. |
- Verschueren, Margaux, et al.
(author)
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Identity Processes and Statuses in Patients with and without Eating Disorders.
- 2017
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In: European eating disorders review : the journal of the Eating Disorders Association. - : Wiley. - 1099-0968. ; 25:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Problems with identity formation are associated with a range of psychiatric disorders. Yet, the mechanisms underlying such problems and how they are refined into specific diagnostic presentations require further investigation. The present study investigated identity processes among 123 women with eating disorders (ED) and age-matched community controls via a newly developed identity model. Several clinical outcome variables were assessed. Patients with ED scored lower on committing to and identifying with identity-related choices and scored higher on maladaptive or ruminative exploration, identity diffusion and identity disorder. They also experienced less identity achievement as compared with controls. The identity disorder status was associated with the highest scores on anxiety, depression, borderline personality disorder symptoms, and non-suicidal self-injury and the lowest scores on need satisfaction. Results indicate that patients with ED experience more identity problems than community controls and those captured by an identity disorder status experience the most problematic psychosocial functioning. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
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| 10. |
- Bravender, T., et al.
(author)
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Classification of Eating Disturbance in Children and Adolescents: Proposed Changes for the DSM-V
- 2010
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In: European Eating Disorders Review. - : Wiley. - 1072-4133 .- 1099-0968. ; 18:2, s. 79-89
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Childhood and adolescence are critical periods of neural development and physical growth. The malnutrition and related medical complications resulting from eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN) and eating disorder not otherwise specified may have more severe and potentially more protracted consequences during youth than during other age periods. The consensus opinion of an international workgroup of experts on the diagnosis and treatment of child and adolescent eating disorders is that (a) lower and more developmentally sensitive threshold's of symptom seventy (e.g lower frequency of purging behaviours, significant deviations from growth curves as indicators of clinical seventy) be used as diagnostic boundaries for children and adolescents, (b) behavioural indicators of psychological features of eating disorders be considered even in the absence of direct self-report of such symptoms and (C) multiple informants (e.g parents) be used to ascertain symptom profiles. Collectively, these recommendations will permit earlier identification and intervention to prevent the exacerbation of eating disorder symptoms. Copyright (C) 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association
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