| 1. |
- Ahren-Moonga, Jennie, et al.
(författare)
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Personality traits and self-injurious behaviour in patients with eating disorders
- 2008
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Ingår i: European eating disorders review. - : Wiley. - 1072-4133 .- 1099-0968. ; 16:4, s. 268-275
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The interest in different aspects of personality and the neuropsychological basis for behaviour in eating disorder patients has increased over the last decade. The present study aims at exploring personality traits, self-injurious behaviour (SIB) and suicide attempts in a group of severely ill eating disorder patients. Patients with eating disorders (N = 38) and age-matched controls (N = 67) were examined concerning self-reported personality traits by means of the Karolinska scales of personality (KSP). Psychosocial history and SIB was collected from medical records. Depression was rated by means of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Results indicated significantly higher anxiety-related and detachment traits in both anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) patients and higher hostility in BN patients than controls. No specific personality traits could be defined as typical for self-injurious or suicidal behaviour. The AN group was lower than the BN group on scales measuring impulsivity, guilt and anxiety. Furthermore, presence of SIB and suicide attempts was more frequent among the BN patients.
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| 2. |
- Birgegård, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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Quality assurance of specialised treatment of eating disorders using large-scale Internet-based collection systems : methods, results and lessons learned from designing the Stepwise database.
- 2010
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Ingår i: European eating disorders review. - : Wiley. - 1072-4133 .- 1099-0968. ; 18:4, s. 251-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Computer-based quality assurance of specialist eating disorder (ED) care is a possible way of meeting demands for evaluating the real-life effectiveness of treatment, in a large-scale, cost-effective and highly structured way. The Internet-based Stepwise system combines clinical utility for patients and practitioners, and provides research-quality naturalistic data. Stepwise was designed to capture relevant variables concerning EDs and general psychiatric status, and the database can be used for both clinical and research purposes. The system comprises semi-structured diagnostic interviews, clinical ratings and self-ratings, automated follow-up schedules, as well as administrative functions to facilitate registration compliance. As of June 2009, the system is in use at 20 treatment units and comprises 2776 patients. Diagnostic distribution (including subcategories of eating disorder not otherwise specified) and clinical characteristics are presented, as well as data on registration compliance. Obstacles and keys to successful implementation of the Stepwise system are discussed, including possible gains and on-going challenges inherent in large-scale, Internet-based quality assurance.
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| 3. |
- Björk, Tabita, et al.
(författare)
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What happened to the ones who dropped out? Outcome in eating disorder patients who complete or prematurely terminate treatment
- 2009
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Ingår i: European eating disorders review. - New York : Wiley. - 1072-4133 .- 1099-0968. ; 17:2, s. 109-119
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: There is a lack of knowledge about the outcome of eating disorder patients who terminate treatment prematurely. The present study followed-up eating disorder patients who had previously dropped out of treatment and examined clinical status 36 months after intake. METHOD: Dropouts (n = 30) were compared with treatment completers (n = 52) on diagnostic status, clinical symptoms, psychosocial adjustment and treatment satisfaction at follow-up. Patterns of change from intake to follow-up within groups, as well as between groups, were explored. RESULTS: No significant differences were found between groups at follow-up, except for more treatment dissatisfaction reported among dropouts. When patterns of change were examined between groups, patients who completed treatment were found to have made significantly greater changes (less eating disorder symptoms, less psychological problems and more positive self-image) compared to dropouts. DISCUSSION: Although no significant differences in outcome were found between dropouts and completers, greater clinical improvement was found among those who completed treatment. The dropouts examined in this study did well despite premature termination of treatment. Clinical and research implications are discussed.
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| 4. |
- Carlsen, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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A sustainable trajectory for the 2030 Agenda: Targeting historical lock‐ins to accelerate progress on all SDGs
- 2024
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Ingår i: Sustainable Development. - 0968-0802 .- 1099-1719.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The 2030 Agenda states that the 17 sustainable development goals (SDGs) make parts of an indivisible whole, and research on SDG implementation highlights how managing goal interactions—synergies and trade-offs—is key for implementation to be successful. Here, we present an empirically based and transparent method for developing “consistent scenarios” that identifies which SDGs will be unattainable if historical patterns of interaction between SDGs are maintained. Using historical data on SDG indicators and correlation analysis together with cross-impact balance analysis, we identify such scenarios for a set of high- to low-income countries. Finding no consistent scenario where progress can be made on all 17 SDGs for any of the countries, our findings demonstrate the importance of policies that target interactions and resolve trade-offs rather than individual goals to unlock a sustainable future trajectory. This reflects what was novel about the SDGs as a framework for global development; that the goals are indivisible and achieving them all require systemic changes that alter how social and economic processes interact with the environment.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Gustafsson, Sanna Aila, et al.
(författare)
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Personal standards, self-evaluation and perceived benefits of thinness in girls and young women with disturbed eating
- 2008
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Ingår i: European eating disorders review. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1072-4133 .- 1099-0968. ; 16:6, s. 463-471
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of this study was to examine personal standards, self-evaluation and perceived benefits of thinness in Swedish females 14-21 years with disturbed eating (DE) and to compare these to a group with other psychosocial problems and to a symptom free group. Seventy subjects with DE-group, 65 subjects with psychosocial problems and 70 symptom free subjects were compared regarding items selected from four questionnaires. High personal standards expressed in a competitive way were specific for the DE-group. In comparison with the other groups the DE-group also reported significantly more perceived benefits of thinness and they more frequently believed that thinness would make them more popular. The DE-group also reported a more negative self-evaluation, although this was a trait shared with the subjects with other psychosocial problems and consequently not specific for the DE-group. Identifying specific factors that perpetuate DE habits is important in order to improve our understanding and enhance the treatment of eating disorders.
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| 7. |
- Gustafsson, Sanna Aila, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Risk and protective factors for disturbed eating in adolescent girls : aspects of perfectionism and attitudes to eating and weight
- 2009
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Ingår i: European eating disorders review. - Chichester : Wiley. - 1072-4133 .- 1099-0968. ; 17:5, s. 380-389
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to longitudinally examine the role of personal standards, self-evaluation, perceived benefits of thinness and attitudes to eating and weight in the development of healthy versus disturbed eating in adolescent girls. In a longitudinal study, girls who participated in two assessments, four to five years apart, were divided into three groups according to the attitudes to eating that they manifested at the second evaluation: those with disturbed eating patterns (DE-group, n = 49), those with intermediate concerns about eating (IE-group, n = 260) and those with healthy eating attitudes (HE-group, n = 120). Variables concerning attitudes to eating and weight and physical self-evaluation emerged as risk factors, whereas personal standards or self-evaluation in general did not. Protective factors were a low BMI, healthy eating attitudes, an accepting attitude towards body size and a positive self-evaluation, particularly with regard to physical and psychological characteristics. The results of this study contribute to the understanding of early risk and protective factors for eating disturbances in girls.
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| 8. |
- Josefin, Westerberg-Jacobson, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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A 5-year longitudinal study of the relationship between the wish to be thinner, lifestyle behaviours and disturbed eating in 9–20-year old girls
- 2010
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Ingår i: European eating disorders review. - : Wiley. - 1072-4133 .- 1099-0968. ; 18:3, s. 207-219
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this 5-year longitudinal study of 593 girls (9-20-year-old) was to examine whether the internalization of the thinness ideal in terms of “a wish to be thinner” might be related to lifestyle factors and longitudinally increase the risk of disturbed eating over time. Results showed that a wish to be thinner was related to lifestyle factors, eating attitudes and BMI longitudinally. Girls who wished to be thinner dieted more often, thought that they would be more popular if they were thinner, skipped meals, were eating breakfast more often alone and had a higher BMI compared to the girls without such a wish. Girls who wished to be thinner were 4 times more likely to develop disturbed eating attitudes over a 5-year period. These findings point to the importance of helping adolescents to establish regular eating habits, to avoid unhealthy dieting practices and to prevent sedentary behaviours that might lead to overweight and or obesity in early childhood.
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| 9. |
- Ranganathan, Shyam, et al.
(författare)
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Sustainable Development and global emission targets : A dynamical systems approach to aid evidence-based policy making
- 2018
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Ingår i: Sustainable Development. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0968-0802 .- 1099-1719 .- 2160-7540 .- 2160-7559. ; 26:6, s. 812-821
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is broad scientific consensus that increasing global emissions at current rates will result irreversible climate change. The global commitment to the Sustainable Development Goals and the Paris agreement tries to address this concern with policy changes. But top-down approaches including voluntary emission cuts do not seem politically feasible in all countries. In this paper, we show that moderate voluntary emission cuts (policy) supplemented by technological developments and changes in consumption tastes and preferences induced by educating individuals (stakeholder engagement) could help achieve emission targets. We use a novel dynamical systems modeling approach based on economic theory to show the quantitative tradeoffs between these different approaches. Using this model, we also show how economic development may be balanced by global emissions reductions so that, initially, developing economies can continue along their current growth trajectories and eliminate poverty, and eventually bear more of the emissions reduction burden.
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| 10. |
- Skoglund, Annika, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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The Professionalization of Ethics in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
- 2013
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Ingår i: Sustainable Development. - : Wiley. - 0968-0802 .- 1099-1719. ; 21:2, s. 122-130
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Solutions to climate change have been academically criticized for their continued economic growth, managerialism and lack of real politics. In comparison, the IPCC's socio-economic assessments of climate change have accentuated the ethical implications of their own policy recommendations. Our analysis of ten IPCC reports (1990–2012) shows a turn from a claimed non-political position in human-induced climate change to an outspoken ethical position in climate-induced disasters. We argue that a professionalization of climate ethics is sought through ecological reason, specifically by calls for resilience to foster adaptable subjects. This neoliberal position leans on a problematization of vulnerable subjects' resistance to social adaptation, underpinned by an aim to redirect resistance towards physical disasters to stimulate climate adaptation. Conclusively, climate ethical mastery is formed by detailed elaborations of how the vulnerable subject should not only subsume to ecological reason, but also ethically embrace physical threats and dangers as if productive of life supportive qualities.
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