| 1. |
- Adielsson, A, et al.
(author)
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Increase in survival and bystander CPR in out-of-hospital shockable arrhythmia : bystander CPR and female gender are predictors of improved outcome. Experiences from Sweden in an 18-year perspective
- 2011
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In: Heart. - : B M J Group. - 1355-6037 .- 1468-201X. ; 97:17, s. 1391-1396
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objectives In a national perspective, to describe survival among patients found in ventricular fibrillation or pulseless ventricular tachycardia witnessed by a bystander and with a presumed cardiac aetiology and answer two principal questions: (1) what are the changes over time? and (2) which are the factors of importance? Design Observational register study. Setting Sweden. Patients All patients included in the Swedish Out of Hospital Cardiac Arrest Register between 1 January 1990 and 31 December 2009 who were found in bystander-witnessed ventricular fibrillation with a presumed cardiac aetiology. Interventions Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and defibrillation. Main outcome measures Survival to 1 month. Results In all, 7187 patients fulfilled the set criteria. Age, place of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) and gender did not change. Bystander CPR increased from 46% to 73%; 95% CI for OR 1.060 to 1.081 per year. The median delay from collapse to defibrillation increased from 12 min to 14 min (p for trend 0.0004). Early survival increased from 28% to 45% (95% CI 1.044 to 1.065) and survival to 1 month increased from 12% to 23% (95% CI 1.058 to 1.086). Strong predictors of early and late survival were a short interval from collapse to defibrillation, bystander CPR, female gender and OHCA outside the home. Conclusion In a long-term perspective in Sweden, survival to 1 month after ventricular fibrillation almost doubled. This was associated with a marked increase in bystander CPR. Strong predictors of outcome were a short delay to defibrillation, bystander CPR, female gender and place of collapse.
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| 2. |
- Scheiman, JM, et al.
(author)
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Prevention of peptic ulcers with esomeprazole in patients at risk of ulcer developement treated with low dose acetylsalisylic acid:a randomized controlled trial(OBERON).
- 2011
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In: Heart. - : BMJ Group. - 1355-6037 .- 1468-201X. ; 97:10, s. 797-802
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To determine whether once-daily esomeprazole 40 mg or 20 mg compared with placebo reduces the incidence of peptic ulcers over 26 weeks of treatment in patients taking low-dose acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and who are at risk for ulcer development. DESIGN: Multinational, randomised, blinded, parallel-group, placebo-controlled trial. SETTING: Cardiology, primary care and gastroenterology centres (n=240). PATIENTS: Helicobacter pylori-negative patients taking daily low-dose ASA (75-325 mg), who fulfilled one or more of the following criteria: age ≥18 years with history of uncomplicated peptic ulcer; age ≥60 years with either stable coronary artery disease, upper gastrointestinal symptoms and five or more gastric/duodenal erosions, or low-dose ASA treatment initiated within 1 month of randomisation; or age ≥65 years. All patients were ulcer-free at study entry. INTERVENTIONS: Once-daily, blinded treatment with esomeprazole 40 mg, 20 mg or placebo for 26 weeks. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary end point was the occurrence of endoscopy-confirmed peptic ulcer over 26 weeks. RESULTS: A total of 2426 patients (52% men; mean age 68 years) were randomised. After 26 weeks, esomeprazole 40 mg and 20 mg significantly reduced the cumulative proportion of patients developing peptic ulcers; 1.5% of esomeprazole 40 mg and 1.1% of esomeprazole 20 mg recipients, compared with 7.4% of placebo recipients, developed peptic ulcers (both p<0.0001 vs placebo). Esomeprazole was generally well tolerated. Conclusions Acid-suppressive treatment with once-daily esomeprazole 40 mg or 20 mg reduces the occurrence of peptic ulcers in patients at risk for ulcer development who are taking low-dose ASA. Clinical trial registration number ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00441727.
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| 3. |
- Zijlstra, Jolande A, et al.
(author)
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Different defibrillation strategies in survivors after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
- 2018
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In: Heart. - : BMJ. - 1355-6037 .- 1468-201X. ; 104:23, s. 1929-1936
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: In the last decade, there has been a rapid increase in the dissemination of automated external defibrillators (AEDs) for prehospital defibrillation of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients. The aim of this study was to study the association between different defibrillation strategies on survival rates over time in Copenhagen, Stockholm, Western Sweden and Amsterdam, and the hypothesis was that non-EMS defibrillation increased over time and was associated with increased survival.METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis of four prospectively collected cohorts of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients between 2008 and 2013. Emergency medical service (EMS)-witnessed arrests were excluded.RESULTS: A total of 22 453 out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients with known survival status were identified, of whom 2957 (13%) survived at least 30 days postresuscitation. Of all survivors with a known defibrillation status, 2289 (81%) were defibrillated, 1349 (59%) were defibrillated by EMS, 454 (20%) were defibrillated by a first responder AED and 429 (19%) were defibrillated by an onsite AED and 57 (2%) were unknown. The percentage of survivors defibrillated by first responder AEDs (from 13% in 2008 to 26% in 2013, p<0.001 for trend) and onsite AEDs (from 14% in 2008 to 30% in 2013, p<0.001 for trend) increased. The increased use of these non-EMS AEDs was associated with the increase in survival rate of patients with a shockable initial rhythm.CONCLUSION: Survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest are increasingly defibrillated by non-EMS AEDs. This increase is primarily due to a large increase in the use of onsite AEDs as well as an increase in first-responder defibrillation over time. Non-EMS defibrillation accounted for at least part of the increase in survival rate of patients with a shockable initial rhythm.
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| 4. |
- Bergfeldt, Lennart, 1950, et al.
(author)
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Analysis of initial rhythm, witnessed status and delay to treatment among survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Sweden.
- 2010
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In: Heart. - : BMJ Group. - 1355-6037 .- 1468-201X. ; 96:22, s. 1826-1830
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Abstract Background The characteristics of patients who survive out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) are incompletely known. The characteristics of survivors of OHCA during a period of 16 years in Sweden are described. Methods All the patients included in the Swedish Cardiac Arrest Registry between 1992 and 2007 in whom cardiopulmonary resuscitation was attempted and who were alive after 1 month were included in the survey. Results In all, 2432 survivors were registered. Information on initial rhythm at their first ECG recording was missing in 11%. Of the remaining 2165 survivors, 80% had a shockable rhythm and 20% had a non-shockable rhythm. Only a minority with a shockable rhythm among the bystander-witnessed cases were defibrillated within 5 min after cardiac arrest. This proportion did not change during the entry period. Among survivors found in a non-shockable rhythm, the majority were bystander-witnessed cases and a few had a delay from cardiac arrest to ambulance arrival of <5 min. Of all survivors, more women (27%) than men (18%) were found in a non-shockable rhythm (p<0.0001). During the 16 years in which the register was used for this study, the proportion of survivors found in a shockable rhythm did not change significantly. The cerebral performance categories score indicated better cerebral function among patients found in a shockable rhythm than in those found in a non-shockable rhythm. Conclusion Among survivors of OHCA, a substantial proportion was found in a non-shockable rhythm and this occurred more frequently in women than in men. The proportion of survivors found in a shockable rhythm has not changed markedly over time. Survivors found in a shockable rhythm had a better cerebral performance than survivors found in a non-shockable rhythm. The proportion of survivors who were bystander-witnessed and found in a shockable rhythm and defibrillated early is still remarkably low.
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| 5. |
- Jonsson, M., et al.
(author)
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Survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest is associated with area-level socioeconomic status
- 2019
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In: Heart. - : BMJ. - 1355-6037 .- 1468-201X. ; 105:8, s. 632-638
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a major cause of death in the Western world. In this study we aimed to investigate the relationship between area-level socioeconomic status (SES) and 30-day survival after OHCA. We hypothesised that high SES at an area level is associated with an improved chance of 30-day survival. Methods Patients with OHCA in Stockholm County between 1 January 2006 and 31 December 2015 were analysed retrospectively. To quantify area-level SES, we linked the patient's home address to 250 x 250/1000 x 1000 meter grids with aggregated information about income and education. We constructed multivariable logistic regression models in which area-level SES measures were adjusted for age, sex, emergency medical services response time, witnessed status, initial rhythm, aetiology, location and year of cardiac arrest. Results We included 7431 OHCAs. There was significantly greater 30-day survival (p=0.003) in areas with a high proportion of university-educated people. No statistically significant association was seen between median disposable income and 30-day survival. The adjusted OR for 30-day survival among patients in the highest educational quintile was 1.70 (95% CI 1.15 to 2.51) compared with patients in the lowest educational quintile. We found no significant interaction for sex. Positive trend with increasing area-level education was seen in both men and women but the trend was only statistically significant among men (p=0.012) Conclusions Survival to 30 days after OHCA is positively associated with the average educational level of the residential area. Area-level income does not independently predict 30-day survival after OHCA.
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| 6. |
- Persson, Anita, 1971, et al.
(author)
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Long-term prognostic value of mitral regurgitation in acute coronary syndromes.
- 2010
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In: Heart (British Cardiac Society). - : BMJ. - 1468-201X .- 1355-6037. ; 96:22, s. 1803-8
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To determine the additional prognostic value of mitral regurgitation (MR) over B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and clinical characteristics in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). DESIGN: Long-term follow-up in a prospective ACS cohort with Doppler-assessed MR, echocardiographically-determined LVEF and plasma BNP levels by ELISA. SETTING: Single-centre university hospital. PATIENTS: 725 patients with ACS. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Death and readmission for congestive heart failure. RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 98 months, 235 patients (32%) died. Significant MR (grade >1 of 4) was found in 90 patients (12%). In a multivariate model including MR grade >1, LVEF <0.40 and BNP >373 pg/ml (75th percentile), MR was significantly associated with long-term mortality (HR 2.28, 95% CI 1.67 to 3.12; p<0.0001). When also adjusting for conventional risk factors, MR remained significantly associated with mortality (HR 1.53, 95% CI 1.06 to 2.19; p=0.02), as well as with congestive heart failure (HR 2.08, 95% CI 1.29 to 3.35; p=0.003). CONCLUSIONS: MR is common in patients with ACS, provides independent risk information and should be taken into account in the evaluation of the long-term prognosis.
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| 7. |
- Francke, Helena
(author)
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The academic web profile as agenre of “self-making”
- 2019
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In: Online information review (Print). - 1468-4527 .- 1468-4535. ; 43:5, s. 760-774
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose – The activities of academic researchers are increasingly regulated by neo-liberal ideals, includingexpectations that researchers are visible online and actively promote their output. The purpose of this paper isto explore how researchers take on this responsibility. It uses the concepts of genre, authorship and self-writingin order to understand how the story of an academic life is constructed on academic web profiles.Design/methodology/approach – A qualitative content analysis was conducted of material on 64 profilesbelonging to 20 researchers on institutional and personal websites, as well as on ResearchGate, Academica.edu and Google Scholar.Findings – The study shows that while institutional websites primarily contain researcher-producedmaterial, content on commercial platforms is often co-constructed through distributed authorship by theresearcher, the platform and other platform users. Nine different ways in which the profile of an “academicself” may be said to highlight the particular strengths of a researcher are identified. These include bothmetrics-based strengths and qualitative forms of information about the academic life, such as experience, theimportance of their research and good teaching.Social implications – This study of academic web profiles contributes to a better understanding of howresearchers self-govern the story of their academic self, or resist such governance, in online environments.Originality/value – The study furthers the knowledge of how researchers make use of and respond todigital tools for online visibility opportunities and how the story of the “academic self” is “made” for suchpublic presentation.
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| 8. |
- Lindsköld, Linnéa, 1985-
(author)
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Google as a political subject: The Right to be Forgotten debate 2014-2016
- 2018
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In: Online information review (Print). - Bradford. - 1468-4527 .- 1468-4535. ; 42:6, s. 768-783
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose – The aim of the study is to create knowledge on how Google and Google search are discursively constructed as a political subject suitable or not suitable for governing in the debate regarding the Right to be Forgotten ruling (RTBF).Design/Methodology/Approach – 28 texts are analysed using a Foucauldian discourse analysis focusing on political problematisations in the media and in blogs.Findings – Google is conceptualised as a commercial company, a neutral facilitator of the world and as a judge of character. The discourse makes visible Google’s power over knowledge production. The individual being searched is constructed as a political object that is either guilty or innocent, invoking morality as a part of the policy. The ruling is framed as giving individuals power over companies, but the power still lies within Google’s technical framework.Originality/value – The ruling opens up an empirical possibility to critically examine Google. The value of the study is the combination of focus on Google as a political subject and the individual being searched to understand how Google is constructed in the discourse.
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| 9. |
- Kjellberg, Sara, et al.
(author)
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Researchers' online visibility : tensions of visibility, trust and reputation
- 2018
-
In: Online information review (Print). - 1468-4527 .- 1468-4535.
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The purpose of this paper is to understand what role researchers assign to online representations on the new digital communication sites that have emerged, such as Academia, ResearchGate or Mendeley. How are researchers’ online presentations created, managed, accessed and, more generally, viewed by academic researchers themselves? And how are expectations of the academic reward system navigated and re-shaped in response to the possibilities afforded by social media and other digital tools? Design/methodology/approach Focus groups have been used for empirical investigation to learn about the role online representation is assigned by the concerned researchers. Findings The study shows that traditional scholarly communication documents are what also scaffolds trust and builds reputation in the new setting. In this sense, the new social network sites reinforce rather than challenge the importance of formal publications. Originality/value An understanding of the different ways in which researchers fathom the complex connection between reputation and trust in relation to online visibility as a measure of, or at least an attempt at, publicity (either within academia or outside it) is essential. This paper emphasizes the need to tell different stories by exploring how researchers understand their own practices and reasons for them.
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| 10. |
- Andersén, Jim, 1976-, et al.
(author)
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Resource immobility and sustained performance : A systematic assessment of how immobility has been considered in empirical resource-based studies
- 2016
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In: International journal of management reviews (Print). - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1460-8545 .- 1468-2370. ; 18:4, s. 371-396
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The core notion of the resource-based view (RBV) is that the possession of certain resources can result in superior performance and, in order for this performance to be sustained, these resources cannot be perfectly mobile. Whereas previous reviews have mainly focused on the relationship between resources and temporary performance, no studies have systematically analyzed the extent to which empirical RBV studies have specifically considered immobility of resources. By analyzing a sample of 218 empirical RBV studies, the authors found that 17% of the studies directly measured some dimension of immobility (by, for example, actually measuring the level of social complexity, unique history, tacitness or tradability). Fewer than 2% of the studies measured the outcome of resource immobility, i.e. sustained performance differences. Based on these results, this paper discusses the consequences of overlooking this key dimension of the RBV (i.e. immobility) and suggests that, and discusses how, future research should consider resource immobility to a greater extent.
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