| 1. |
- Acosta, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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Multicentre prospective study of fascial closure rate after open abdomen with vacuum and mesh-mediated fascial traction
- 2011
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Ingår i: British Journal of Surgery. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0007-1323 .- 1365-2168. ; 98:5, s. 735-743
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Damage control surgery and temporary open abdomen (OA) have been adopted widely, in both trauma and non-trauma situations. Several techniques for temporary abdominal closure have been developed. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the fascial closure rate in patients after vacuum-assisted wound closure and mesh-mediated fascial traction (VAWCM) for long-term OA treatment, and to describe complications. Methods: This prospective study included all patients who received VAWCM treatment between 2006 and 2009 at four hospitals. Patients with anticipated OA treatment for fewer than 5 days and those with non-midline incisions were excluded. Results: Among 151 patients treated with an OA, 111 received VAWCM treatment. Median age was 68 years. Median OA treatment time was 14 days. Main disease aetiologies were vascular (45 patients), visceral surgical disease (57) and trauma (9). The fascial closure rate was 76.6 per cent in intention-to-treat analysis and 89 per cent in per-protocol analysis. Eight patients developed an intestinal fistula, of whom seven had intestinal ischaemia. Intestinal fistula was an independent factor associated with failure of fascial closure (odds ratio (OR) 8.55, 95 per cent confidence interval 1.47 to 49.72; P = 0.017). The in-hospital mortality rate was 29.7 per cent. Age (OR 1.21, 1.02 to 1.43; P = 0.027) and failure of fascial closure (OR 44.50, 1.13 to 1748.52; P = 0.043) were independently associated with in-hospital mortality. Conclusion: The VAWCM method provided a high fascial closure rate after long-term treatment of OA. Technique-related complications were few. No patient was left with a large planned ventral hernia.
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| 2. |
- Acosta, S., et al.
(författare)
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Negative-pressure wound therapy for prevention and treatment of surgical-site infections after vascular surgery
- 2017
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Ingår i: British Journal of Surgery. - : WILEY-BLACKWELL. - 0007-1323 .- 1365-2168. ; 104:2, s. E75-E84
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundIndications for negative-pressure wound therapy (NPWT) in vascular surgical patients are expanding. The aim of this review was to outline the evidence for NPWT on open and closed wounds. MethodsA PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library search from 2007 to June 2016 was performed combining the medical subject headings terms wound infection', abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA)', fasciotomy', vascular surgery' and NPWT' or VAC'. ResultsNPWT of open infected groin wounds was associated with shorter duration of wound healing by 47 days, and was more cost-effective than alginate dressings in one RCT. In one RCT and six observational studies, NPWT-related major bleeding and graft preservation rates were 0-10 and 83-100 per cent respectively. One retrospective comparative study showed greater wound size reduction per day, fewer dressing changes, quicker wound closure and shorter hospital stay with NPWT compared with gauze dressings for lower leg fasciotomy. NPWT and mesh-mediated fascial traction after AAA repair and open abdomen was associated with high primary fascial closure rates (96-100 per cent) and low risk of graft infection (0-7 per cent). One retrospective comparative study showed a significant reduction in surgical-site infection, from 30 per cent with standard wound care to 6 per cent with closed incisional NPWT. ConclusionNPWT has a central role in open and infected wounds after vascular surgery; the results of prophylactic care of closed incisions are promising.
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| 3. |
- Baderkhan, Hassan, et al.
(författare)
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Follow-up after endovascular aortic aneurysm repair can be stratified based on first postoperative imaging
- 2018
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Ingår i: British Journal of Surgery. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0007-1323 .- 1365-2168. ; 05:6, s. 709-718
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundLifelong postoperative surveillance is recommended following endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR). Although the purpose is to prevent and/or identify complications early, it also results in increased cost and workload. This study was designed to examine whether it may be possible to identify patients at low risk of complications based on their first postoperative CT angiogram (CTA).MethodsAll patients undergoing EVAR in two Swedish centres between 2001 and 2012 were identified retrospectively and categorized based on the first postoperative CTA as at low risk (proximal and distal sealing zone at least 10 mm and no endoleak) or high risk (sealing zone less than 10 mm and/or presence of any endoleak) of complications.ResultsSome 326 patients (273 men) with a CTA performed less than 1 year after EVAR were included (low risk 212, 65·0 per cent; high risk 114, 35·0 per cent). There was no difference between the groups in terms of sex, age, co‐morbidities, abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) diameter, preoperative AAA neck anatomy, stent‐graft type or duration of follow‐up (mean(s.d.) 4·8(3·2) years). Five‐year freedom from AAA‐related adverse events was 97·1 and 47·7 per cent in the low‐ and high‐risk groups respectively (P < 0·001). The corresponding freedom from AAA‐related reintervention was 96·2 and 54·1 per cent (P < 0·001). The method had a sensitivity of 88·3 per cent, specificity of 77·0 per cent and negative predictive value of 96·6 per cent to detect AAA‐related adverse events. The number of surveillance imaging per AAA‐related adverse event was 168 versus 11 for the low‐risk versus high‐risk group.ConclusionTwo‐thirds of patients undergoing EVAR have an adequate seal and no endoleak on the first postoperative CTA, and a very low risk of AAA‐related events up to 5 years. Less vigilant follow‐up after EVAR may be considered for these patients.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Djavani, Khatereh, et al.
(författare)
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Colonic ischaemia and intra-abdominal hypertension following open repair of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm
- 2009
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Ingår i: British Journal of Surgery. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0007-1323 .- 1365-2168. ; 96:6, s. 621-627
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND:: The aim was to investigate the association between colonic ischaemia and intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) after surgery for ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (rAAA). METHODS:: Sigmoid colon perfusion was monitored with an intramucosal pH (pHi) tonometer. Patients with a pHi of 7.1 or less were treated for suspected hypovolaemia with intravenous colloids and colonoscopy. IAP was measured every 4 h. Patients with an IAP of 20 mmHg or more had neuromuscular blockade, relaparotomy or both. RESULTS:: A total of 52 consecutive patients had open rAAA repair; 30-day mortality was 27 per cent. Eight patients died shortly after surgery. Fifteen were not monitored for practical reasons; mortality in this group was 33 per cent. IAP and pHi were measured throughout the stay in intensive care in the remaining 29 patients. Monitoring led to volume resuscitation in 25 patients, neuromuscular blockade in 16, colonoscopy in 19 and relaparotomy in two. One patient died in this group. Twenty-three of 29 patients had a pHi of 7.1 or less, of whom 15 had a pHi of 6.9 or less. Sixteen had an IAP of 20 mmHg or more, of whom ten also had a pHi below 6.90. Peak IAP values correlated with the simultaneously measured pHi (r = -0.39, P = 0.003). CONCLUSION:: Raised IAP is an important mechanism behind colonic hypoperfusion after rAAA repair. Monitoring IAP and timely intervention may improve outcome.
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| 6. |
- Goncalves, F. Bastos, et al.
(författare)
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Early sac shrinkage predicts a low risk of late complications after endovascular aortic aneurysm repair
- 2014
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Ingår i: British Journal of Surgery. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0007-1323 .- 1365-2168. ; 101:7, s. 802-810
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Aneurysm shrinkage has been proposed as a marker of successful endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR). Patients with early postoperative shrinkage may experience fewer subsequent complications, and consequently require less intensive surveillance. Methods: Patients undergoing EVAR from 2000 to 2011 at three vascular centres (in 2 countries), who had two imaging examinations (postoperative and after 6-18 months), were included. Maximum diameter, complications and secondary interventions during follow-up were registered. Patients were categorized according to early sac dynamics. The primary endpoint was freedom from late complications. Secondary endpoints were freedom from secondary intervention, postimplant rupture and direct (type I/III) endoleaks. Results: Some 597 EVARs (71.1 per cent of all EVARs) were included. No shrinkage was observed in 284 patients (47.6 per cent), moderate shrinkage (5-9mm) in 142 (23.8 per cent) and major shrinkage (at least 10mm) in 171 patients (28.6 per cent). Four years after the index imaging, the rate of freedom from complications was 84.3 (95 per cent confidence interval 78.7 to 89.8), 88.1 (80.6 to 95.5) and 94.4 (90.1 to 98.7) per cent respectively. No shrinkage was an independent risk factor for late complications compared with major shrinkage (hazard ratio (HR) 3.11; P < 0.001). Moderate compared with major shrinkage (HR 2.10; P = 0.022), early postoperative complications (HR 3.34; P < 0.001) and increasing abdominal aortic aneurysm baseline diameter (HR 1.02; P = 0.001) were also risk factors for late complications. Freedom from secondary interventions and direct endoleaks was greater for patients with major sac shrinkage. Conclusion: Early change in aneurysm sac diameter is a strong predictor of late complications after EVAR. Patients with major sac shrinkage have a very low risk of complications for up to 5 years. This parameter may be used to tailor postoperative surveillance.
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| 7. |
- Grip, Olivia, et al.
(författare)
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Open versus endovascular revascularization in the treatment of acute lower limb ischaemia
- 2018
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Ingår i: British Journal of Surgery. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0007-1323 .- 1365-2168. ; 105:12, s. 1598-1606
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Consensus is lacking regarding intervention for patients with acute lower limb ischaemia (ALI). The aim was to study amputation-free survival in patients treated for ALI by either primary open or endovascular revascularization.Methods: The Swedish Vascular Registry (Swedvasc) was combined with the Population Registry and National Patient Registry to determine follow-up on mortality and amputation rates. Revascularization techniques were compared by propensity score matching 1:1.Results: Of 9736 patients who underwent open surgery and 6493 who had endovascular treatment between 1994 and 2014, 3365 remained in each group after propensity score matching. Results are from the matched cohort only. Mean age of the patients was 74⋅7 years; 47⋅5 per cent were women and mean follow-up was 4⋅3 years. At 30-day follow-up, the endovascular group had better patency (83⋅0 versus 78⋅6 per cent; P < 0⋅001). Amputation rates were similar at 30 days (7⋅0 per cent in the endovascular group versus 8⋅2 per cent in the open group; P = 0⋅113) and at 1 year (13⋅8 versus 14⋅8 per cent; P = 0⋅320). The mortality rate was lower after endovascular treatment, at 30 days (6⋅7 versus 11⋅1 per cent; P < 0⋅001) and after 1 year (20⋅2 versus 28⋅6 per cent; P < 0⋅001). Accordingly, endovascular treatment had better amputation-free survival at 30 days (87⋅5 versus 82⋅1 per cent; P < 0⋅001) and 1 year (69⋅9 versus 61⋅1 per cent; P < 0⋅001). The number needed to treat to prevent one death within the rst year was 12 with an endovascular compared with an open approach. Five years after surgery, endovascular treatment still had improved survival (HR 0⋅78, 99 per cent c.i. 0⋅70 to 0⋅86) but the difference between the treatment groups occurred mainly in the rst year.Conclusion: Primary endovascular treatment for ALI appeared to reduce mortality compared with open surgery, without any difference in the risk of amputation.
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| 8. |
- Grip, Olivia, et al.
(författare)
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Outcome and complications after intra-arterial thrombolysis for lower limb ischaemia with or without continuous heparin infusion
- 2014
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Ingår i: British Journal of Surgery. - Uppsala : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0007-1323 .- 1365-2168. ; 101:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundThrombolysis is a common treatment for acute leg ischaemia. The purpose of this study was to evaluate different thrombolytic treatment strategies, and risk factors for complicationsThis was a retrospective analysis of prospective databases from two vascular centres. One centre used a higher dose of heparin and recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA).ResultsSome 749 procedures in 644 patients of median age 73 years were studied; 353 (47·1 per cent) of the procedures were done in women. The aetiology of ischaemia was graft occlusion in 38·8 per cent, acute arterial thrombosis in 32·2 per cent, embolus in 22·3 per cent and popliteal aneurysm in 6·7 per cent. Concomitant heparin infusion was used in 63·2 per cent. The mean dose of rtPA administered was 21·0 mg, with a mean duration of 25·2 h. Technical success was achieved in 80·2 per cent. Major amputation and death within 30 days occurred in 13·1 and 4·4 per cent respectively. Bleeding complications occurred in 227 treatments (30·3 per cent). Blood transfusion was needed in 104 (13·9 per cent). Three patients (0·4 per cent of procedures) had intracranial bleeding; all were fatal. Amputation‐free survival was 83·6 per cent at 30 days at both centres. In multivariable analysis, preoperative severe ischaemia with motor deficit was the only independent risk factor for major bleeding (odds ratio (OR) 2·98; P <0·001). Independent risk factors for fasciotomy were severe ischaemia (OR 2·94) and centre (OR 6·50). Embolic occlusion was protective for major amputation at less than 30 days (OR 0·30; P = 0·003). Independent risk factors for death within 30 days were cerebrovascular disease (OR 3·82) and renal insufficiency (OR 3·86).ConclusionBoth treatment strategies were successful in achieving revascularization with acceptable complication rates. Continuous heparin infusion during intra‐arterial thrombolysis appeared to offer no advantage.
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| 9. |
- Gürtelschmid, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of three ultrasound methods of measuring the diameter of the abdominal aorta
- 2014
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Ingår i: British Journal of Surgery. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0007-1323 .- 1365-2168. ; 101:6, s. 633-636
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Three ultrasound methods of measuring the diameter of the abdominal aorta exist: the outer-to-outer (OTO) method, where callipers are placed on the outer layer of the aortic wall; the inner-to-inner (ITI) method, where callipers are placed on the inner layer of the aortic wall; and the leading edge-to-leading edge (LELE) method, where callipers are placed on the outer layer of the anterior wall and the inner layer of the posterior wall. The aim was to determine the variability of the three methods, differences between them, and the consequences on prevalence estimates. Methods: Some 127 consecutive patients with a small abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) were included. The maximal anteroposterior diameter was measured using the OTO, ITI and LELE methods by two vascular sonographers who were blinded to each other's measurements. The variability was described as the standard deviation. Results: The variability was 2.7 (95 per cent limits of agreements +/- 5.4) mmfor the OTO, 2.3 (+/- 4.6) mm for the ITI and 2.0 (+/- 4.0) mm for the LELE method. The corresponding coefficients of variability were 6.4, 6.1 and 5.0 per cent. The difference was 4.1mm between ITI and OTO (P < 0.001), 2.0 mm between ITI and LELE (P < 0.001), and 2.1mm between LELE and OTO (P < 0.001). Conclusion: LELE measurement was the most reproducible method of measuring the abdominal aorta. All methods showed a high degree of variability.
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| 10. |
- Karthikesalingam, A., et al.
(författare)
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Comparative analysis of the outcomes of elective abdominal aortic aneurysm repair in England and Sweden
- 2018
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Ingår i: British Journal of Surgery. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0007-1323 .- 1365-2168. ; 105:5, s. 520-528
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundThere is substantial international variation in mortality after abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair; many non-operative factors influence risk-adjusted outcomes. This study compared 90-day and 5-year mortality for patients undergoing elective AAA repair in England and Sweden.MethodsPatients were identified from English Hospital Episode Statistics and the Swedish Vascular Registry between 2003 and 2012. Ninety-day mortality and 5-year survival were compared after adjustment for age and sex. Separate within-country analyses were performed to examine the impact of co-morbidity, hospital teaching status and hospital annual caseload.ResultsThe study included 36 249 patients who had AAA treatment in England, with a median age of 74 (i.q.r. 69–79) years, of whom 87·2 per cent were men. There were 7806 patients treated for AAA in Sweden, with a median of age 73 (68–78) years, of whom 82·9 per cent were men. Ninety‐day mortality rates were poorer in England than in Sweden (5·0 versus 3·9 per cent respectively; P < 0·001), but were not significantly different after 2007. Five‐year survival was poorer in England (70·5 versus 72·8 per cent; P < 0·001). Use of EVAR was initially lower in England, but surpassed that in Sweden after 2010. In both countries, poor outcome was associated with increased age. In England, institutions with higher operative annual volume had lower mortality rates.ConclusionMortality for elective AAA repair was initially poorer in England than Sweden, but improved over time alongside greater uptake of EVAR, and now there is no difference. Centres performing a greater proportion of EVAR procedures achieved better results in England. Improving in England
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