| 1. |
- Hensing, Gunnel, 1956, et al.
(författare)
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Swedish Council on Technology Assessment in Health Care (SBU). Chapter 7. Sickness absence and psychiatric disorders.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of public health. Supplement. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4956 .- 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 63, s. 152-80
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is limited scientific evidence that women have a higher frequency and incidence of sickness absence due to psychiatric diagnoses. Because of conflicting findings, there is insufficient evidence on gender differences in the duration of sickness absence. Because of conflicting findings, there is also insufficient evidence on the association between age and sickness absence with psychiatric diagnoses. There is insufficient evidence on the association of sickness absence due to psychiatric diagnoses with work-related factors, factors related to family and social networks outside of the job, and psychosocial factors in childhood and adolescence since none of the individual factors were investigated in more than a single study. The results were conflicting (insufficient evidence) in five studies that investigated whether individuals with psychiatric disorders were at greater risk for sickness absence and disability pension, irrespective of the diagnosis on the sickness certificate. The four studies that used alcohol diagnoses to identify alcohol problems found increased sickness absence irrespective of the diagnosis on the certificate (expressed as more sick-leave days or an increased risk for prolonged sickness absence in individuals with alcohol problems). Furthermore, two of the studies found an increased risk for disability pension in women diagnosed with alcohol problems. There is insufficient evidence because of too few studies. The results are conflicting with regard to the association between high alcohol consumption and sickness absence, irrespective of the diagnosis on the certificate (insufficient evidence).
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| 2. |
- Alexanderson, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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More and better research needed on sickness absence.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of public health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 32:5, s. 321-3
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 3. |
- Borg, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Risk factors for disability pension over 11 years in a cohort of young persons initially sick-listed with low back, neck, or shoulder diagnoses.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of public health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 32:4, s. 272-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: A study was undertaken to ascertain whether the differences in risk in relation to gender and citizenship observed in a previous study of the same cohort would remain if more recent data on sickness absence were used. METHODS: This was an 11-year prospective population-based cohort study. The dataset includes all individuals in a Swedish city who, in 1985, were aged 25-34 and had a sick-leave spell > or = 28 days with neck, shoulder, or back diagnoses (n=213). The data covered the following: for 1985-96, disability pension, emigration, and death; for 1982-96, sickness absence; for 1985, sex and citizenship. The data were subjected to Cox regression analyses with a time-dependent covariate. RESULTS: Disability pension was granted to 22% (n=46) of the cohort. The relative risk for disability pension increased by 9.3 with each sick-leave spell > or = 90 days during the two previous years. The risk was higher for women than men, and also higher for foreign citizens than Swedes. CONCLUSION: Many studies have revealed a gender difference in the risk of being on disability pension, and it was found that this difference was still apparent when sick leave during the follow-up period is taken into account. Thus, the reason for the gender differences ought to be found among other factors than prior levels of sickness absence.
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| 4. |
- Hensing, Gunnel, 1956
(författare)
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Chapter 4. Methodological aspects in sickness-absence research
- 2004
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 32:5 Suppl 63, s. 44-48
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Several methodological aspects concerning research on sickness absence and disability pension are noteworthy, including: empirical research is being conducted within many different disciplines using various study designs; progress in theory development has been slow and weak; several outcome measures are used; terminology varies widely; and comparative research is difficult to conduct since insurance systems differ over time and among nations and employers.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Knapstad, Marit, et al.
(författare)
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Shame among long-term sickness absentees: Correlates and impact on subsequent sickness absence.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of public health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1651-1905 .- 1403-4948. ; 42:1, s. 96-103
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: The contribution of general psychological aspects, such as emotions, has received little focus in research on sickness absence. We wanted to study the relationship between shame and sickness absence, which factors that explained differences in levels of shame, and if shame predicted subsequent sickness absence. Methods: We employed a Swedish population-based cohort of current sickness absentees (19-64 years old), responding to a mailed questionnaire in 2008. Data was linked to national registries on sickness absence.Results: The young, those born outside the Nordic countries, those on lower incomes and those with higher level of education reported being more ashamed of their sickness absence. Those with more sickness absence in the past were also more likely to report higher levels of shame. Level of shame was not associated with gender or occupational class. Compared to those absent for a somatic cause, mental or co-morbid illness was associated with higher levels of shame. Those reporting high level of shame were more likely to have prolonged sickness absence the following year. Symptoms of depression at baseline only partly explained these associations. Conclusions: Our results suggest that shame might prolong sickness absence. Increased understanding of the impact of social and emotional aspects around sickness absence could be an important source for improved quality of rehabilitation.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Leijon, Margareta, et al.
(författare)
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Sickness absence due to musculoskeletal diagnoses: association with occupational gender segregation.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of public health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 32:2, s. 94-101
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Musculoskeletal disorders represent a considerable public health problem and the most common diagnoses behind sickness absence and disability pensions. However, little is known about how sickness absence with these diagnoses varies with the strong gender segregation of the labour market. AIMS: A study was undertaken to investigate the association between musculoskeletal-related sickness absence and occupational gender segregation. METHODS: The study was population based, and included all new sick-leave spells exceeding seven days due to musculoskeletal diagnoses, comprising neckl shoulder pain, low back pain, and osteoarthritis in Ostergötland county, Sweden, which has 393,000 inhabitants (5%, of the national population). The participants were all sick-leave insured employed persons in Ostergötland (n = 182,663) in 1985. RESULTS: Cumulative incidence of musculoskeletal-related sickness absence (>7 days) was higher for women (7.5%, 95% confidence interval [C.I.] 7.3-7.7) than for men, (5.8%, C.I. 5.6-5.9), and the same was true for the mean number of sick-leave days (women 81, C.I. 78-83; men 65, C.I. 63-68). Grouping occupations according to degree of numerical gender segregation revealed the highest incidence and duration of sickness absence for women in male-dominated occupations. For both genders, the lowest cumulative incidence and duration occurred in gender-integrated occupations. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate a strong association between occupational gender segregation and musculoskeletal-related sickness absence. Further studies are needed to elucidate gender segregation of the labour market in relation to health and rehabilitation measures.
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| 9. |
- Lövestad, Solveig, et al.
(författare)
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Intimate partner violence, associations with perceived need for help and health care utilization: a population-based sample of women in Sweden
- 2021
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 49:3, s. 268-276
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim:To assess the association between physical intimate partner violence (physical IPV) in the past 5 years, perceived need for help and primary health care utilization due to mental health problems in a general population-based sample of women in Sweden.Methods:We performed structured follow-up interviews with 616 women between 1995 and 2015. Associations between physical IPV in the past 5 years and (i) perceived need for help and (ii) primary health care utilization due to mental health problems, were estimated by logistic regression analyses with crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).Results:Of the women who had experienced physical IPV in the past 5 years, 45.1% perceived a need for help but refrained from seeking care. After adjusting for sociodemographic factors, exposure to physical IPV in the past 5 years remained associated with perceived need for help (OR 3.54; CI 1.77-7.11). After adjusting for sociodemographic factors, the association between exposure to physical IPV and primary health care utilization did not remain statistically significant.Conclusions:Women exposed to physical IPV were more likely to perceive the need for help compared with unexposed women. A large proportion of IPV-exposed women in the general population may refrain from seeking care although they perceive a need for help. Future studies need to investigate potential barriers to mental health care seeking among women exposed to IPV. Routine questioning about IPV should be implemented in primary health care with improved referral to available support services.
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| 10. |
- Nordling, Paula, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Factors associated with general practitioners' contacts with sick-listed patients' employers: A Swedish nationwide questionnaire study
- 2023
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 51:4, s. 602-610
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: General practitioners' (GP) contacts with sick-listed patients' employers have been shown to be of importance for return to work. This study aimed to explore GPs' contacts with sick-listed patients' employers and factors associated with such contacts. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 4228 GPs responded to a nationwide questionnaire about sickness certification (SC) practices. Outcomes of interest were participation in stakeholder meetings, having other contacts with employers, and satisfaction with employer contacts. Logistic regression models were used to investigate associations with factors related to the GP and the GP's workplace. Results: Among GPs, 34.8% participated in stakeholder meetings and 15.1% had other employer contacts; 39.4% had any or both of these contacts. Of GPs who had contacts with patients' employers, 65.8% were satisfied with the contacts. GPs regularly collaborating with rehabilitation coordinators had the strongest adjusted odds ratio (OR) for participating in stakeholder meetings, OR 2.72 (95% confidence interval (CI) 2.24-3.31), and having other contacts with employers, OR 3.85 (95% CI 2.85-5.21). Other factors positively associated with employer contacts were being a specialist, collaborating with other health professionals, finding employer contacts valuable, and having a joint SC routine/policy at the clinic. GPs who did not find SC problematic, had managerial support, or had enough resources for SC tasks were more likely to be satisfied with their employer contacts. Conclusions: Both physician characteristics and organizational factors had importance for GPs' contacts with sick-listed patients' employers. The findings imply that GPs' collaboration with patients' employers may be improved by interventions targeting both individual and organizational factors.
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