| 1. |
- Larsson, Margareta, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of a Sexual Education Intervention among Swedish High School Students
- 2006
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 34:2, s. 124-131
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS: To evaluate an intervention aimed at improving knowledge of, attitudes to, and practices regarding condoms and emergency contraception (ECP) among Swedish high school students. METHODS: An intervention study with quasi-experimental design. A strategic sample of classes from two vocational high school programs was divided into an intervention group and a comparison group. All students completed questionnaires before and after the intervention, which included sexual education lessons by a nurse-midwife and medical students, free condoms on request and access to telephone counseling. RESULTS: Of the 461 eligible students, mean age 17 years, 390 (85%) completed the pre-test and 326 (71%) the post-test. Three out of four (77%) had experienced sexual intercourse. The majority (76%) had used contraception, mostly condoms at first intercourse. The students already had good knowledge of condoms with no change after the intervention, but attitudes improved and condom use increased. Knowledge of, and attitudes towards ECP improved but use remained stable (29%). The most important source of information about ECP changed from "friends" to "school" after the intervention. More than one out of four (28%) had opted for free condoms but only 3% had requested telephone counseling. CONCLUSIONS: Condom use increased after the intervention whereas the use of ECP remained stable. Knowledge of ECP improved and the attitudes towards both condoms and ECP became more positive. Participation of nurse-midwives and medical students, skill rehearsal, and improved access to condoms may be useful elements in sexual education.
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| 2. |
- Paulsson Do, Ulrica, et al.
(författare)
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How 15- to 16-year-old Swedish adolescents experience social relationships and health-related behaviours : A qualitative study
- 2020
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 48:5, s. 527-536
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: Health-related behaviours are associated with social relationships. Adolescence is a time when healthy and unhealthy behaviours are established. There is a need to investigate adolescents’ views on how social relationships are related to health-related behaviours of adolescents in the Scandinavian welfare system. This study aimed to explore Swedish adolescents’ experiences and thoughts of how social relationships in different social environments are related to health-related behaviours.Methods: A total of 36 adolescents aged 15–16 years were interviewed in seven focus-group sessions. Qualitative content analysis was used for analysis of the transcribed interviews.Results: Two themes – social context and personal management – emerged. Swedish adolescents describe that their health-related behaviours as being partly shaped by their own personal management but mainly by the social contexts that surround them. Social contexts were expressed as playing a role in the adolescents’ health-related behaviours, as they provide fellowship, pressure, dependability and engagement. Fellowship with friends and family was expressed as providing healthy behaviours and high levels of well-being. Fellowship with friends was particularly important for physical activity. Close relationships were stated to influence health-related behaviours. Pressure from friends, teachers and social media were described as mainly influencing unhealthy behaviours and, to some extent, low levels of well-being. However, adolescents’ personal ability illustrated how adolescents shaped their own health-related behaviours.Conclusions: The study results contribute to the understanding of Swedish adolescents’ views on how social relationships can shape their health-related behaviours. The findings may be useful to school professionals in supporting adolescents to improve well-being and healthy behaviours.
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| 3. |
- Sundell, Susanne, et al.
(författare)
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Health information for migrants : The role of educational level in prevention of overweight
- 2011
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 39:2, s. 172-178
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: Modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease include overweight, which is prevented by healthy diet and physical activity. Recently settled migrants may have varying levels of exposure to health information. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to explore the associations between self-reported information on healthy diet and on physical activity and overweight and the possible modification of this association by educational level among recently settled Iraqi migrants in Sweden. Methods: Cross-sectional data were collected through a postal questionnaire in Arabic and analysed by means of logistic regression. Dummy variables were created in order to assess the possible modification by educational level on the association between health information and overweight. Results: After adjustments for potential confounders, associations were found between overweight and not having received information on healthy diet (OR 1.56, 95% CI 1.07-2.27) and physical exercise (OR 1.58, 95% CI 1.07-2.32). Educational level modified these associations, so that the impact on overweight by information was much more evident among those with a high level of education. Conclusions: The findings showed that overweight was associated to perceived lack of health information among recently settled Iraqi migrants. It may be easier for migrants with high education to seek, receive, and understand health-related information. Migrants with low education may be more traditional in, for example, their diet and therefore less likely to be overweight. Culturally adapted information may therefore not be relevant for them. The broader context of the social determinants of health needs to be considered when planning interventions for migrants.
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| 4. |
- Westin, Marcus, et al.
(författare)
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Health and healthcare utilization among single mothers and single fathers in Sweden
- 2006
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 34:2, s. 182-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: To analyse self-rated health and healthcare utilization with regard to whether the respondents were single or coupleparents, mothers or fathers. Methods: A postal questionnaire was distributed nationwide to 4,000 randomly chosenindividuals 20–64 years of age, with a response rate of 66%. A total of 1,041 respondents had legal custody of a child (150were single parents and 891 were couple parents), and thus met the definition of a parent used for this study. Analyses ofself-rated health and health care utilization were performed according to sex, age, sociodemographic, and socioeconomiccharacteristics. Three different statistical methods were applied: Spearman correlation analyses, chi-square analyses andmultivariate logistic regression. Results: Both single fathers and single mothers reported worse health than their couplecounterparts. However, single fathers had contact with a physician more frequently (OR 1.84) than couple fathers, whereassingle mothers did not. Furthermore, single mothers refrained from seeing a physician despite a medical need much moreoften (OR 2.07) than couple mothers. Conclusions: An uneven distribution of sociodemographic and socioeconomiccharacteristics might help us to understand why single parents, both mothers and fathers, have worse health than parentswho live together. Previously recognized gender differences with regard to healthcare utilization were present in our study aswell, and it is possible that these differences are related to the unequal distribution of sociodemographic and socioeconomicassets between single fathers and single mothers found here.
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| 5. |
- Westin, Marcus, et al.
(författare)
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Social capital and inequality in health between single and couple parents in Sweden
- 2007
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 35:6, s. 609-617
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: To study whether social capital is associated with health among parents and if so, whether existing inequalities in health between single and couple parents could be better understood by introducing social capital as a possible mechanism for how health is distributed.Material and methods: At total of 2,500 parents with children in the age range of 4-16 years were randomized from existing national registers and asked to participate in a nationally distributed postal questionnaire; 1,589 parents participated (277 single and 1,312 couple), giving a response rate of 64%. The questionnaire contained questions regarding sociodemographic and socioeconomic characteristics, self-rated health, emotional and instrumental social support, civic and social participation, and trust. Social capital was measured by different levels of civic and social participation and trust. A multivariate analysis was used in order to find possible associations between social capital and health, when adjusted for social support, sociodemographic and socioeconomic characteristics.Results: A low level of social capital (both social participation and trust), when adjusted for social support, socioeconomic and sociodemographic variables, was clearly and positively associated with less than good self-rated health. Social capital was unevenly distributed between single and couple mothers.Conclusions: Social capital is positively associated with self-rated health, at an individual level. The uneven distribution of social capital between single and couple mothers may be of some importance when trying to further understand and possibly alter the inequality in health that exists between single and couple parents.
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