| 1. |
- Ferrie, JE, et al.
(författare)
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The impact of moderate and major workplace expansion and downsizing on the psychosocial and physical work environment and income in Sweden
- 2007
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of public health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 35:1, s. 62-69
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: To describe the effect of organizational change (moderate and major expansion and downsizing) on psychosocial work characteristics, physical hazards, and income in a representative sample of larger workplaces in Sweden. Methods: Annual changes in workforce size for the years 1991—1996 were derived from tax registry data. Work environment characteristics were measured in a sub-set of participants from the biennial Swedish Work Environment Surveys for 1991, 1993, and 1995. Income data were derived from national registries. Results: Not all organizational change resulted in a poorer work environment. The number of beneficial outcomes associated with moderate downsizing and moderate expansion in the public sector outweighed the number of adverse outcomes. However, in the private sector the overall effect of moderate organizational change was a poorer work environment. Major downsizing was associated with a better psychosocial work environment for private-sector men and major expansion with a poorer environment for public-sector women and private-sector men. Otherwise, associations between major organizational change and the psychosocial work environment were mixed across sex and sector, although major organizational change was consistently associated with a greater risk of physical hazards. Low income was associated exclusively with organizational downsizing in the private sector. Conclusions: More research is needed to determine whether the work environment can explain observed associations between organizational change and health. Data limitations prevented the authors from examining this in the present study. Their findings indicate that future research on the work environment should pay more attention to physical hazards.
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| 2. |
- Hyde, M, et al.
(författare)
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Bridges, pathways and valleys: labour market position and risk of hospitalization in a Swedish sample aged 55-63
- 2004
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of public health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 32:5, s. 368-373
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The combination of population ageing and increasingly early labour market exit (LME) throughout Europe has made older age a key issue in social policy and research. There is increasing awareness that older people are a heterogeneous group in which health inequalities persist. However, the effects of different types of LME on health have received relatively little attention. Existing studies reach different conclusions. This might be due to several reasons: different types of LME are rarely explored in conjuncture; studies often lack objective assessments of health and frequently rely on small populations. This paper aims to test the relative effects of different LME on the risk of hospitalization compared with those who remained in paid employment. Methods: Using Government register data on pooled cross-section samples of Swedish workers aged 55 - 63 years (n=7,024) the authors have compared the likelihood of hospitalization for three types of LME - disability pension (förtidpension), unemployment, and early retirement - with those who continue working. Results: Controlling for previous hospitalization, sex, age, social class, and health at work a significant increased risk of hospitalization was found following LME for the unemployed (OR=1.98). Conclusion: Early LME is a varied process with mixed effects on health, and hence is of possible importance for policy, which, therefore, requires more attention. Programmes to help older unemployed workers back into work will have positive health effects for individuals and reduce welfare costs of hospitalization.
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| 3. |
- Oxenstierna, G, et al.
(författare)
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Dual source support and control at work in relation to poor health
- 2005
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of public health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 33:6, s. 455-463
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and aim: Social support and decision authority in relation to health has been examined in extensive research. However, research on the role of different constellations of support sources is conspicuously lacking. The aim of the present study is to describe the health of employees in eight contrasting situations that differ with regard to support from superiors and from workmates and with regard to decision authority. Men and women were studied separately. Study sample and methods: A large sample of Swedish employees (n=53,371, after exclusion of supervisors) who participated in a national work environment survey was utilized. In addition prospective long-term sick leave data (60 days or more during the 12 months after questionnaire completion) were collected from the national insurance register. Results: Employees who reported below median decision authority had higher prevalence of pains after work and general physical symptoms as well as a higher incidence of long-term sick leave than those with higher decision authority in all subgroups. Those with good support from both workmates and superiors had lower symptom prevalence and long-term sick leave incidence than those with poor support. The groups with either poor support from superiors or from workmates were in an intermediate category with regard to symptom prevalence. The group with good support from superiors but weak support from workmates, however, had as high long-term sick leave incidence as the group with poor support from both superiors and workmates. The patterns were similar for men and women. Conclusion: Long-term sick leave was related mainly to poor support from workmates. Prevalence of symptoms, on the other hand, was related to both sources of support and absence of both sources was associated with particularly high prevalence of physical symptoms. This illustrates that it is meaningful to separate the social support sources.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Waldenstrom, M, et al.
(författare)
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Assessment of psychological and social current working conditions in epidemiological studies: experiences from the MUSIC-Norrtälje study
- 2002
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of public health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 30:2, s. 94-102
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The aim of this study was to present, evaluate and propose a tool for the assessment of psychosocial working conditions in epidemiological studies. A referent group of the large epidemiological study, the MUSIC-Norrtälje study of musculoskeletal disorders, was used. The respondents were 950 working persons (585 female and 365 male). Method: Self-administered questionnaire and personal interview were used. The responses were subjected to factor analysis. The resulting model had components generated from the demand-control-support model and action theory. Result: The result supported the use of different aspects of psychological job demands. The interview data seemed to be more related to factual exposure and the questionnaire data more to individual perception. The usefulness of the model was supported by associations between the model and psychosomatic symptoms and sleep disturbances. Conclusion : A combination of interview and questionnaire increases the possibility of interpreting the association between working conditions and health and may provide a more effective basis for interventions.
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