| 1. |
- Gustafsson, Per E, et al.
(författare)
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Polytraumatization and Psychological Symptoms in Children and Adolescents
- 2009
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Ingår i: European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1018-8827 .- 1435-165X. ; 18:5, s. 274-283
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous research on the impact of traumatic experiences in children and adolescents has focused almost entirely on the effect of single trauma. Research on cumulative traumas been lacking, but Finkelhor (2007) has recently directed the attention to the concept of polyvictimization. As an extension of this concept, this study examined the impact of polytraumatization, operationalized as the number of different potentially traumatic events. The study population comprised two cross-sectional samples of school-aged children (n = 270) and adolescents (n = 400). Information of life-time incidence of traumatic events was collected by the Life Incidence of Traumatic Events (LITE), and psychological symptoms by the parent version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) for the school children and the self-report Trauma Symptom Checklist for Children (TSCC) for the adolescents. We found that exposure to at least one traumatic event was common in both the samples (63% of the children and 89.5% of the adolescents). The number of different traumatic events, polytraumatization, was highly predictive of symptoms in both samples, and with a few exceptions surpassed the impact of specific events in exploratory analyses. We furthermore replicated previous findings of the important impact of interpersonal over noninterpersonal events on symptoms in both samples, and found an indication that this effect differed by gender in different manners in the two samples. This study emphasizes the significance of both the quantity of traumatic events, polytraumatization, as well as the quality, interpersonal events.
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| 2. |
- Hirvikoski, T., et al.
(författare)
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Using the five to fifteen-collateral informant questionnaire for retrospective assessment of childhood symptoms in adults with and without autism or ADHD
- 2021
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Ingår i: European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1018-8827 .- 1435-165X. ; 30, s. 1367-1381
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Due to lack of previous studies, we aimed at evaluating the use of the Five to Fifteen (FTF) questionnaire in adults with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) and in controls without NDD. The NDD group consisted of adults with autism spectrum disorder ASD (n = 183) or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (n = 174) without intellectual disability, recruited from a tertiary outpatient clinic. A web survey was used to collect data from general population adult control group without NDD (n = 738). The participants were retrospectively rated by their parents regarding childhood symptoms, using five to fifteen-collateral informant questionnaire (FTF-CIQ). Adults with NDD had higher FTF-CIQ domain and subdomain scores than controls, and displayed similar test profiles as children with corresponding diagnosis in previous studies. Based on the FTF-CIQ domain scores, 84.2% of the study participants (93% of the controls; 64% of the adults with NDD) were correctly classified in a logistic regression analysis. Likewise, Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis on FTF-CIQ total sum score indicated that a cut-off value of 20.50 correctly classified 90% of the controls and 67% of the clinical cases, whilst a cut-off value of 30.50 correctly classified 84% of the controls and 77% of the clinical cases. The factor analysis revealed three underlying components: learning difficulties, cognitive and executive functions; social skills and emotional/behavioural symptoms; as well as motor and perceptual skills. Whilst not designed as a diagnostic instrument, the FTF-CIQ may be useful for providing information on childhood symptoms and associated difficulties in individuals assessed for NDD as adults.
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| 3. |
- Hultén, A, et al.
(författare)
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Recommended care for young people (15-19 years) after suicide attempts in certain European countries.
- 2000
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Ingår i: European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. - 1018-8827 .- 1435-165X. ; 9:2, s. 100-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Data on recommended care for young people aged 15-19 years after attempted suicide from nine European research centres during the period 1989-1992 were analysed in terms of gender, history of previous suicide attempt and methods used. Altogether 438 suicide attempts made by 353 boys and 1,102 suicide attempts made by 941 girls were included. Analyses of the total data from all centres showed that young people with a history of previous suicide attempt and those using violent methods had significantly higher chance of being recommended aftercare than first-time attempters or those choosing self-poisoning. There were no significant differences of being recommended care between genders. Logistic regression analyses of the material were performed and the results were similar. Both having previous attempted suicide (odds ratio 2.0, 95% CI 1.53-2.61) and using "hard" methods (odds ratio 1.71, 95% CI 1.49-1.96) were significantly associated with increased possibility of being recommended aftercare. When individual centres were analysed, large disparities of recommended care after suicide attempts were found and there were no uniform criteria of recommending care for young suicide attempters in Europe.
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| 4. |
- Levav, I, et al.
(författare)
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Psychiatric services and training for children and adolescents in Europe : results of a country survey
- 2004
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Ingår i: European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. - Darmstadt : Dr Dietrich Steinkopff Verlag. - 1018-8827 .- 1435-165X. ; 13:6, s. 395-401
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mental health budgets, services and programs are seldom commensurate with mental health needs in the countries, particularly of population groups whose voice in advocacy is weak. In this inquiry we explored the adequacy of mental health care resources available for the young in Europe. To achieve this objective this survey investigated a few variables (e. g., number of services, degree of coverage, trained personnel) that were used as gross indicators of the discrimination suffered by this health sector. We sent a short postal questionnaire to the mental health focal points of the 51 countries included in the World Health Organization European Region. Thirty six countries (70.5%) responded. The results showed that the degree of coverage and quality of services for the young were generally worse in comparison with those for adults, including for serious disorders. A lack of both specialized and in-training personnel was identified. The exposure of general practitioners and pediatricians to psychiatry for the young was limited. Generally, the lower the income level of the country the worse the situation. Our mapping confirmed findings of previous inquiries. European child psychiatry leaders had raised a set of recommendations to improve the current situation; their implementation can now benefit from novel strategies adopted by the World Health Organization to advance mental health worldwide.
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| 5. |
- Nilsson, Kent W., et al.
(författare)
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Transcription Factor Activating Protein-2β (TFAP-2β) genotype and symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in relation to symptoms of depression in two independent samples
- 2014
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Ingår i: European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. - Berlin Heidelberg : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1018-8827 .- 1435-165X. ; 23:4, s. 207-217
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Transcription Factor Activating Protein-2β (TFAP-2β) gene has been shown to influence monoaminergic neurotransmission, and several genes important for monoaminergic function have binding sites for TFAP-2β. Familial studies of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) suggest a hereditary-determined subtype of ADHD with comorbid depression. We examined a functional variation of the TFAP-2β gene in the context of co-occurring symptoms of ADHD and depression in two independent population-based samples of adolescents (Group A, n = 175 and Group B, n = 1,506) from Sweden. Results indicated 6.1 to 7.8 % of adolescents screened positively for ADHD and depression symptoms. Symptoms of depression were more common among girls who screened positively for ADHD and did not carry the nine-repeat allele of the TFAP-2β intron 1 Variable Number Tandem Repeat (VNTR) polymorphism. The presence of the nine-repeat variant of the TFAP-2β intron 1 VNTR appears to protect girls with ADHD symptoms from the co-expression of symptoms of depression.
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| 6. |
- Sampaio, Filipa, PhD, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
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Evidence for investing in parenting interventions aiming to improve child health : a systematic review of economic evaluations
- 2024
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Ingår i: European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. - : Springer. - 1018-8827 .- 1435-165X. ; 33:2, s. 323-355
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- A comprehensive review of the economic evidence on parenting interventions targeting different aspects of child health is lacking to support decision-making. The aim of this review is to provide an up to date synthesis of the available health economic evidence for parenting interventions aiming to improve child health. A systematic review was conducted with articles identified through Econlit, Medline, PsychINFO, and ERIC databases. Only full economic evaluations comparing two or more options, considering both costs and outcomes were included. We assessed the quality of the studies using the Drummond checklist. We identified 44 studies of varying quality that met inclusion criteria; 22 targeting externalizing behaviors, five targeting internalizing problems, and five targeting other mental health problems including autism and alcohol abuse. The remaining studies targeted child abuse (n = 5), obesity (n = 3), and general health (n = 4). Studies varied considerably and many suffered from methodological limitations, such as limited costing perspectives, challenges with outcome measurement and short-time horizons. Parenting interventions showed good value for money in particular for preventing child externalizing and internalizing behaviors. For the prevention of child abuse, some programs had the potential of being cost-saving over the longer-term. Interventions were not cost-effective for the treatment of autism and obesity. Future research should include a broader spectrum of societal costs and quality-of-life impacts on both children and their caregivers.
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| 7. |
- Sampaio, Filipa, PhD, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
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The cost-effectiveness of treatments for attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder in children and adolescents : a systematic review
- 2022
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Ingår i: European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. - : Springer. - 1018-8827 .- 1435-165X. ; 31, s. 1655-1670
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Economic evaluations can help decision makers identify what services for children with neurodevelopmental disorders provide best value-for-money. The aim of this paper is to review the best available economic evidence to support decision making for attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in children and adolescents. We conducted a systematic review of economic evaluations of ADHD and ASD interventions including studies published 2010–2020, identified through Econlit, Medline, PsychINFO, and ERIC databases. Only full economic evaluations comparing two or more options, considering both costs and consequences were included. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Drummond checklist. We identified ten studies of moderate-to-good quality on the cost-effectiveness of treatments for ADHD and two studies of good quality of interventions for ASD. The majority of ADHD studies evaluated pharmacotherapy (n = 8), and two investigated the economic value of psychosocial/behavioral interventions. Both economic evaluations for ASD investigated early and communication interventions. Included studies support the cost-effectiveness of behavioral parenting interventions for younger children with ADHD. Among pharmacotherapies for ADHD, different combinations of stimulant/non-stimulant medications for children were cost-effective at willingness-to-pay thresholds reported in the original papers. Early intervention for children with suspected ASD was cost-effective, but communication-focused therapy for preschool children with ASD was not. Prioritizing more studies in this area would allow decision makers to promote cost-effective and clinically effective interventions for this target group.
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| 8. |
- Sjöberg, Rickard L, et al.
(författare)
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A systematic review of age-related errors in children's memories for voiding cysto-urethrograms (VCUG).
- 2005
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Ingår i: European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1018-8827 .- 1435-165X. ; 14:2, s. 104-105
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Presents a systematic review of age-related errors in children's memories for voiding cysto-urethrograms (VCUG). Drawing on results from numerous experimental studies, most of which have been performed during the latest two decades, psychological researchers tend to argue that they are, at least when posed with specific or misleading questions. However, since many of these studies have investigated children's memories for emotionally neutral or even pleasant events, such as baking a cake or playing a game, concerns are sometimes raised that these conclusions may not apply to memories for stressful or even potentially traumatic events. In sum, results from investigations of children's memories for voiding cysto-urethrogram are consistent with the scientific rationale on which these recommendations are based.
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| 9. |
- Sjöberg, R L
(författare)
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False allegations of satanic abuse : case studies from the witch panic in Rättvik 1670-71.
- 1997
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Ingår i: European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. - 1018-8827 .- 1435-165X. ; 6:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The creation of false memories, psychiatric symptoms and false allegations of satanic child abuse during an outbreak of witch hysteria in Sweden in the seventeenth century are described and related to contemporary issues in child testimonies. Case studies of 28 children and 14 adults are presented. The mechanisms underlying the spread of these allegations, as well as the reactions and influence of the adult world on the children's testimonies, are discussed.
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| 10. |
- Svamo, Nina Therese Øversveen, et al.
(författare)
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Adolescents' voices on self-engagement in mental health treatment : a scoping review
- 2024
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Ingår i: European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. - : Springer Nature. - 1018-8827 .- 1435-165X.
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: According to the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, adolescents' involvement in their healthcare is a fundamental right, and self-engagement in mental health treatment is vital for realizing their potential within person-centered care (PCC). Research exists that highlights barriers to involving adolescents in their care decisions. However, research on adolescents' own voices about self-engagement in mental health treatment has been scarce. This scoping review aimed to examine and summarize current knowledge on adolescents' voices regarding self-engagement in mental health treatment.Method: The review followed the scoping methodology of Arksey and O'Malley from 2005, updated by Levac and colleagues in 2010, involving five stages: (1) identifying the research question, (2) identifying relevant studies, (3) study selection, (4) charting the data, and (5) collating, summarizing and reporting the results. Results: Nineteen studies were included. The following themes on adolescents' voices regarding self-engagement in mental health treatment were identified: (1) the therapeutic alliance, (2) the need for active engagement in treatment, (3) different experiences due to time of data collection, (4) treatment context and healthcare system, and (5) adolescent-caregiver interaction.Conclusion: Adolescents' understanding of self-engagement was multilevel and comprehensive, including individual, contextual and relational factors. A strong therapeutic alliance with healthcare providers, and a need to be actively engaged in treatment were highlighted. To succeed in strengthening PCC in mental healthcare for adolescents, health professionals must take this complex understanding into consideration, as treatment without adolescents' self-engagement may worsen their clinical outcomes. Future research should explore specific PCC interventions and incorporate diverse methodologies in various clinical contexts. Additionally, insights from healthcare providers and caregivers on self-engagement in mental health treatment will complement these findings.
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