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- Mårtensson, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Labour pain treated with cutaneous injections of sterile water : a randomised controlled trial
- 1999
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Ingår i: British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1470-0328 .- 1471-0528. ; 106:7, s. 633-637
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective To evaluate the relief of pain in labour with subcutaneous and intracutaneous injections of sterile water, compared with placebo.Design Randomised controlled trial.Setting Labour ward with approximately 3000 deliveries annually in a suburban area near Gothenburg, Sweden.Participants Ninety-nine pregnant women at term, requiring pain relief for severe lower back pain during the first stage of labour. The women were randomised to receive four injections of 0.1 mL sterile water (without salt) intracutaneously ( n= 33 ), four injections of 0.5 mL sterile water subcutaneously ( n= 33 ) or placebo treatment ( n= 33 ).Main outcome measures Reduction of labour pain measured by visual analogue scale.Results The median visual analogue scale pain score for labour pain was significantly lower compared with initial values in the two study groups and compared with placebo at 10 and 45 minutes after treatment. The median reductions in visual analogue scores after 10 minutes were 5.0 cm and 4.5 cm in the intracutaneous and subcutaneous injection groups, respectively; women in the placebo group scored a median reduction of 1.7 cm. After 45 minutes the median reductions in the visual analogue scores were 4.9 cm and 4.0 cm in the intracutaneous and subcutaneous injection groups, respectively, compared with 1.0 cm for women in the placebo group. No significant differences in analgesic effect or pain experienced during administration were found between the two study groups.Conclusion The new subcutaneous method of administering sterile water, as well as the earlier described intracutaneous injection method, were effective for the relief of pain in labour.
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| 2. |
- Mårtensson, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Subcutaneous versus intracutaneous injections of sterile water for labour analgesia : a comparison of perceived pain during administration
- 2000
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Ingår i: British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1470-0328 .- 1471-0528. ; 107:10, s. 1248-1251
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective To investigate whether, during injections of sterile water, there is any difference in perceived pain between intracutaneous and subcutaneous injections.Design Blind controlled trial with cross-over design.Setting Göteborg and Skövde, Sweden.Participants One hundred healthy female volunteers.Methods The women were randomised into two groups and subjected to two trials, within one week of each other. During the first trial one group ( n= 50 ) received the intracutaneous injection first, followed by the subcutaneous injection. The second group ( n= 50 ) was given the subcutaneous injection first, followed by intracutaneous injection. In both groups all the injections were given in reverse order during the second trial.Main outcome measures Experienced pain during the administration of sterile water injections, measured by visual analogue scale.Results The analysis showed intracutaneous injections to be significantly more painful than subcutaneous injections, even after adjusting for injection day and for left/right site of injection (mean 60.8 vs 41.3, P < 0.001 ).Conclusions The findings suggest that the less painful subcutaneous injection technique should be used.
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