| 1. |
- Glise, Kristina, 1952, et al.
(författare)
-
Course of mental symptoms in patients with stress-related exhaustion: Does sex or age make a difference?
- 2012
-
Ingår i: BMC Psychiatry. - 1471-244X. ; 12:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract Background Long-term sick leave due to mental health problems, especially among women, is a substantial problem in many countries, and a major reason for this is thought to be psychosocial stress. The recovery period of different patient groups with stress-related mental health problems can differ considerably. We have studied the course of mental health symptoms during 18 months of multimodal treatment in relation to sex and age in a group of patients with stress-related exhaustion. Methods The study group includes 232 patients (68% women) referred to a stress clinic and who fulfilled the criteria for Exhaustion Disorder (ED). The majority also fulfilled diagnostic criteria for depression and/or anxiety; this was similar among women and men. Symptoms were assessed at baseline, three, six, 12 and 18 months by the Shirom-Melamed Burnout Questionnaire (SMBQ) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HAD). A total SMBQ mean score of ≥ 4 was used to indicate clinical burnout, which correlates well with the clinical diagnosis of ED. Results There were no statistically significant differences between women and men or between young and old patients in the self-reported symptoms at baseline. The proportion that had high burnout scores decreased over time, but one-third still had symptoms of clinical burnout after 18 months. Symptoms indicating probable depression or anxiety (present in 34% and 65% of the patients at baseline, respectively) declined more rapidly, in most cases within the first three months, and were present only in one out of 10 after 18 months. The course of illness was not related to sex or age. The duration of symptoms before seeking health care, but not the level of education or co-morbid depression, was a predictor of recovery from symptoms of burnout after 18 months. Conclusions The course of mental illness in patients seeking specialist care for stress-related exhaustion was not related to sex or age. The burden of mental symptoms is high and similar for men and women, and at the 18 month follow-up, one-third of the study group still showed symptoms of burnout. A long duration of symptoms before consultation was associated with a prolonged time of recovery, which underlines the importance of early detection of stress-related symptoms.
|
|
| 2. |
- Eklof, B., et al.
(författare)
-
The role of self-reported stressors in recovery from Exhaustion Disorder: a longitudinal study
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Bmc Psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-244X. ; 22
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Exhaustion disorder (ED) is a stress-induced disorder characterized by physical and mental symptoms of exhaustion that can be long-lasting. Although stress exposure is essential for the development of ED, little is known regarding the role of stressors in the maintenance of ED. The aim of the study was to investigate the role of work-related stressors, private-related stressors, and adverse childhood experiences in long-term recovery from ED. Methods A mixed methods design was used. The design was sequential, and data analysis was performed in two parts, where the first part consisted of qualitative analysis of patient records, and the second part consisted of statistical analysis of the data retrieved from the qualitative coding. Patient records from 150 patients with ED was analysed regarding work-related stressors, private-related stressors, and adverse childhood experiences. For each patient, two patient records were analysed, one from the time of diagnosis (baseline) and one from the follow-up clinical assessment, 7-12 years after diagnosis (follow-up). Out of the 150 patients, 51 individuals still fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for ED at follow-up (ED group) and 99 individuals no longer fulfilled the diagnostic criteria and were thus considered recovered (EDrec). Percentages in each group (ED and EDrec) reporting each stressor at baseline and follow-up were calculated as well as the differences in percentage points between the groups along with the 95% confidence intervals for the differences. Results At baseline, significantly more EDrec patients reported quantitative demands (73% EDrec, 53% ED) and managerial responsibilities (14% EDrec, 2% ED). Private-related stressors did not differ at baseline. At follow-up, significantly more ED patients reported managerial responsibilities (8 ED, 0% EDrec) and caregiver stress (child) (24% ED, 6% EDrec) and significantly more EDrec patients reported caregiver stress (parent) (6% EDrec, 0% ED). There were no differences regarding adverse childhood experiences. Conclusions The main conclusion is that neither adverse childhood experiences nor any of the stressors at baseline are associated with long-term ED. Ongoing stressors related to having responsibility for other people, such as managerial responsibilities or caring for a child with a chronic disease or psychiatric disorder, may be associated with long-term exhaustion.
|
|
| 3. |
- Glise, Kristina, 1952, et al.
(författare)
-
Prevalence and course of somatic symptoms in patients with stress-related exhaustion: does sex or age matter
- 2014
-
Ingår i: BMC Psychiatry. - 1471-244X. ; 14:118
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract Background Both mental and somatic symptoms are commonly reported in patients with stress-related problems. We have explored the prevalence of somatic symptoms in patients seeking medical care for stress-related mental health problems and followed the course of illnes alongside with that the patients receive multimodal treatment. Method This study comprises data from 228 patients (69% women, mean age 43 years) who fulfilled the criteria for Exhaustion Disorder (ED). Somatic symptoms were assessed at baseline and after 3, 6, 12 and 18 months using the one-page questionnaire Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders. Prevalence of different symptoms was compared between men and women and patients, over and below 40 years of age, and possible predictors of recovery were explored. Results Tiredness and low energy are the core symptom reported by the patients. Almost all (98%) reported at least one somatic symptom and 45% reported six symptoms or more, which was similar for men and women. Nausea, gas or indigestion are the most common symptoms (67%) followed by headaches (65%) and dizziness (57%). The number of symptoms reported was significantly related to the severity of mental health problems. The only difference between the sexes was that “chest pain” and “pain or problems during sexual intercourse” were more common among males. Patients over forty more often reported “pain in arms, legs or joints, knees, hips” and this was also the only symptom that did not significantly decline during treatment. Neither sex, age, symptom duration before seeking medical care, education or any other predictor tested was shown to predict recovery in patients reporting six symptoms or more. Conclusion A heavy burden of somatic symptoms was generally seen in most patients with stress-related exhaustion. Somatic symptoms are equally common in males and females and in younger and older patients. The somatic symptoms seem to be mostly stress-related since all symptoms, except musculoskeletal pain, reduce with individualised treatment designed for stress-related mental problems. This study brings to attention the complicated burden of both somatic and mental symptoms in patients with stress-related exhaustion, raising several clinical implications of interest to discuss.
|
|
| 4. |
- Lindegard, A., et al.
(författare)
-
Changes in mental health in compliers and noncompliers with physical activity recommendations in patients with stress-related exhaustion
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Bmc Psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-244X. ; 15
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: There is a lack of research regarding the long-lasting effects of a more physically active lifestyle in patients with mental disorders. In the present study, clinical data were analysed to examine if initially physically inactive patients, clinically diagnosed with stress-related exhaustion, taking part in 12-month multimodal treatment (MMT), differ at the 18-month follow-up regarding mental health, depending on whether they did or did not comply with the physical activity (PA) recommendations resembling those of the American College of Sports Medicine. Methods: The study population consisted of 69 patients (65 % women) who were referred to a stress clinic due to stress-related exhaustion. All patients received MMT. A major goal was to increase patients' PA levels. The patients received general comprehensive instructions including personal advice regarding the positive effects of PA on mental health and could self-select for an 18-week coached exercise program. Changes in mental health symptoms over an 18-month period were compared between non-compliers (n = 26), mild compliers (n = 22) and strong compliers (n = 21) with the PA recommendations included in the MMT. Results: Non-compliers, mild and strong compliers did not differ regarding burnout, depression and anxiety at baseline. Although substantial improvements occurred in all groups, mild and strong compliers reported significantly lower burnout and depression levels at the 18-month follow-up than the non-complying group (p < .05). The general pattern of findings was corroborated, if standard cut-off criteria for clinical burnout were used. Conclusions: Compliance with PA recommendations is associated with decreased levels of burnout and depression in patients with stress-related exhaustion. Thus, the promotion of a more active lifestyle among patients with stress-related exhaustion should be implemented as a part of MMT, to achieve a more sustainable decrease of symptoms of burnout and depression.
|
|
| 5. |
- Wallin, Anders, 1950, et al.
(författare)
-
Cognitive medicine - a new approach in health care science.
- 2018
-
Ingår i: BMC psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-244X. ; 18:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The challenges of today's society call for more knowledge about how to maintain all aspects of cognitive health, such as speed/attention, memory/learning, visuospatial ability, language, executive capacity and social cognition during the life course.Medical advances have improved treatments of numerous diseases, but the cognitive implications have not been sufficiently addressed. Disability induced by cognitive dysfunction is also a major issue in groups of patients not suffering from Alzheimer's disease or related disorders. Recent studies indicate that several negative lifestyle factors can contribute to the development of cognitive impairment, but intervention and prevention strategies have not been implemented. Disability due to cognitive failure among the workforce has become a major challenge. Globally, the changing aging pyramid results in increased prevalence of cognitive disorders, and the diversity of cultures influences the expression, manifestation and consequences of cognitive dysfunction.Major tasks in the field of cognitive medicine are basic neuroscience research to uncover diverse disease mechanisms, determinations of the prevalence of cognitive dysfunction, health-economical evaluations, and intervention studies. Raising awareness for cognitive medicine as a clinical topic would also highlight the importance of specialized health care units for an integrative approach to the treatment of cognitive dysfunctions.
|
|
